Term 4 Muscles of the Pelvic Floor Flashcards
Pelvic diaphragm is formed by the ______\_and _______\_ muscles and the fascia that covers them
- Pelvic diaphragm separates the _______\_(superior) from the ______\_ (inferior)
Pelvic diaphragm is formed by the levator ani and ischiococcygenous muscles and the fascia that covers them
- Pelvic diaphragm separates the pelvic cavity (superior) from the perineum (inferior)
______\_ is the largest, most important muscle of the pelvic floor
- Composed of 3 components – ______\_, ______\_ and ______\_
- Supports ______\_and resist ______\_
- Functions as a ______\_
Levator ani is the largest, most important muscle of the pelvic floor
- Composed of 3 components – Pubococcygeus, puborectalis and iliococcygeus
- Supports pelvic viscera and resist inferior trusts
- Functions as a sphincter
_______\_ pulls the coccyx anteriorly after defecation or childbirth
Ischiococcygeus pulls the coccyx anteriorly after defecation or childbirth
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the levator ani muscle
*this muscle is divisible into three parts: pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus muscles
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Pubococcygeus muscle
What is the
- Origin: Pubis and ischial spine
- Insertion: coccyx, urethra, anal canal, perineal body of the perineum and anococcygeal ligament
- Action: Supports and maintains position of pelvic viscera; resists increase in intra-abdominal pressure during forced exhalation, coughing, vomiting, urination and defecation; constricts anus, urethra and vagina
- Innervation: anterior rami of sacral spinal nerves S2-S4
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Puborectalis muscle
What is the
- Origin: Posterior surface of the pubic body
- Insertion: Decussates behind the anorectal junction as a thick muscular sling
- Action: Helps maintain fecal continence and assists in defecation
- Innervation: Anterior rami of sacral spinal nerves S2-S4
of the Puborectalis muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Iliococcygeus muscle
What is the
- Origin: Ischial spine
- Insertion: Coccyx
- Action: Supports and maintains position of pelvic viscera; resists increase in intraabdominal pressure during forced exhalation, coughing, vomiting, urination and defecation; constricts anus, urethra and vagina
- Innervation: anterior rami of sacral spinal nerves S2-S4
of the Iliococcygeus muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the ischiococcygeus muscle
What is the
- Origin: Ischial spine
- Insertion: Lower sacrum and upper coccyx
- Action: Supports and maintains position of pelvic viscera; resists increase in intra-abdominal pressure during forced exhalation, coghing, vomiting, urinaton and defecation; pulls coccyx anteriorly following defecation or childbirth
- Innervation: anterior rami of sacral spinal nerves S4-S5
of the ischiococcygeus muscle
perineal muscles are arranged in two layers: _____ and _____
_____ - assist in urination and ejaculation in males and urination and vaginal compression in females
perineal muscles are arranged in two layers: Superficial and Deep
deep perineal muscles - assist in urination and ejaculation in males and urination and vaginal compression in females
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Superficial Transverse Perineal muscle
What is the
- Origin: Ischial tuberosity
- Insertion: perineal body of perineum
- Action: Stabilizes perineal body of perineum and supports pelvic floor
- Innervation: Perineal branch of the pudendal nerve of the sacral plexus
of the Superficial Transverse Perineal muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Bulbospongiosus muscle
What is the
- Origin: Perineal body of perineum
- Insertion: Perineal membrane of deep muscles of perineum, corpus spongiosum of penis and deep fascia on dorsum of penis in male; pubic arch and root of dorsum of clitoris of female
- Action: Helps expel urine during urination, helps propel semen along urethra, assists in erection; constricts vaginal orifice and assists in erection of clitoris
- Innervation: Perineal branch of the pudendal nerve of the sacral plexus
of the Bulbospongiosus muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Ischiocavernosus muscle
What is the
- Origin: Ischial tuberosity and ischial and pubic rami
- Insertion: Corpora cavernosa of penis and clitoris and pubic symphysis
- Action: Maintains erection of both the penis and clitoris by decreasing urine drainage
- Innervation: Perineal branch of the pudendal nerve of the sacral plexus
of the Ischiocavernosus muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Deep Transverse Perineal muscle
What is the
- Origin: ischial ramus
- Insertion: Perineal body of perineum
- Action: Helps expel last drops of urine and semen in male
- Innervation: Perineal branch of the pudendal nerve of the sacral plexus
of the Deep Transverse Perineal muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the external urethral sphincter muscle
What is the
- Origin: Ischial and pubic rami
- Insertion: Median raphe in male and vaginal wall in female
- Action: Helps expel last drops of urine and semen
- Innervation: Sacral spinal nerve S4 and the inferior rectal branch of the pudendal nerve
of the external urethral sphincter muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Compressor urethrae muscle
What is the
- Origin: Ischiopubic ramus
- Insertion: blends with same muscle of the opposite side anterior to urethra
- Action: Serves as an accessory sphincter of the urethra
- Innervation: Perineal branch of the pudendal nerve of the sacral plexus
of the Compressor urethrae muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the Sphincter urethrovaginalis muscle
What is the
- Origin: Perineal body
- Insertion: Blends with the same muscle of the opposite side anterior to urethra
- Action: Serves as an accessory sphincter of the urethra and facilitates closing of the vagina
- Innervation: Perineal branch of the pudendal nerve of the sacral plexus
of the Sphincter urethrovaginalis muscle
What is the
- Origin
- Insertion
- Action
- Innervation
of the external anal sphincter muscle
What is the
- Origin: Anococcygeal ligament
- Insertion: Perineal body of the perineum
- Action: Keeps anal canal and anus closed
- Innervation: Sacral spinal nerve S3 and inferior rectal branch of the pudendal nerve
of the external anal sphincter muscle
