Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HLSC 120 Human Anatomy > Term 1 Exam: Skeletal Muscle Tissue from Chapter 10/11 Muscular Tissue > Flashcards

Term 1 Exam: Skeletal Muscle Tissue from Chapter 10/11 Muscular Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Motion is the body is the result of what?

A

alternating contraction (shortening) and relaxation of muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How much of body mass is approximated to be muscular tissue?

A

~45%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are four major functions of muscles?

A
  1. Producing body movement - with bones providing leverage
  2. Stabilizing body position
  3. Storing and moving substances within the body- regulates organ volumes/ move blood, lymph, air, liquids, and nutrients/ store glycogen, protein
  4. Producing Heat - byproduct of friction/excess energy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are four major properties of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Electrical excitability - capacity of muscle fibers to respond to motor nerve impulses
  2. Contractility - ability to contract forcefully in response to nerve impusle
  3. Extensibility - ability of muscle to stretch without being damaged
  4. Elasticity - ability to return to original shape after contraction or extension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are three types of muscle tissue?

A
  1. Skeletal muscle tissue
  2. Cardiac Muscle tissue
  3. Smooth Muscle tissue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are three functions of skeletal muscle tissue?

A
  1. Move bones (some skin and soft tissue)
  2. Striated (microscopic bands)
  3. Primarily voluntarily controlled
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are three functions of Cardiac Muscle?

A
  1. Forms most of the wall of the heart
  2. Striated and branched
  3. Involuntary and some cells are autorhythmic (regulated by ANS)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are two characteristics about Smooth muscle tissue?

A
  1. Found in walls of tubes (blood vessels, GI)

2. Unstriated and involuntary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is skeletal muscle organized?

A

Skeletal muscle bundle consists of a body (belly) connected by tendons to the skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are tendons?

A
  • Composed of dense regular connective tissue (parallel arrangements of collagen fibres)
  • Connects muscle belly to bone
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the three layers of connective tissue covering Skeletal Muscle?

A
  1. Endomysium
  2. Perimysium
  3. Epimysium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where is the endomysium found?

A

Surrounds muscle fibres

-holds muscle fibers together while loose enough for movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where is perimysium found?

A

Surrounds muscle fascicles (bundles)

-Houses blood vessels and nerves within fascicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where is epimysium found?

A

Binds all fascicles together to form the belly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are three types of fasciae? Brief description of each.

A
  1. Superficial fascia - subcutaneous layer of the integument
  2. Deep fascia :
    - Lies interior to the SubQ layer
    - Large sheet of dense irregular connective tissue
    - binds together muscles of similar functions
    - cushions muscle layers
  3. Subserous fascia:
    - Separates the deep fascia from membranes that line the thoracic and abdominal cavities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In embryogenic development, how are skeletal muscle fibres formed?

A

myoblasts fuse lengthwise

17
Q

What are three important characteristics of Skeletal Muscle fiber?

A
  1. Multiple nuclei
  2. Muscle fiber does not multiply
  3. Muscle fibers form prior to birth and last a lifetime (muscle growth is from hypertrophy (increased cell size) not hyperplasia (increased number of cells))
18
Q

What are satellite cells?

A

Muscle cell that is capable of division

  • able to fuse with one another or damaged muscle fiber
  • muscle regeneration by satellite cells is limited
19
Q

What is sarcolemma?

A

plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle fibre

20
Q

What are T-Tubules?

3

A
  • Extensions of the sarcolemma that tunnel throughout the muscle fiber
  • open to the outside
  • filled with interstitial fluid
21
Q

What is sarcoplasma?

A

cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle cell

22
Q

What are Myofibrils (2)?

A
  1. nonmembrane-bound organelles

2. extends the entire length of muscle fibre

23
Q

What is the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)?

3

A
  1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum of muscle cell
  2. Stores Calcium
  3. Calcium release (into sarcoplasm) couples electrical excitation to muscle contraction
24
Q

What are myofibrils made of?

A

Thick and thin filaments

25
Q

What is the sarcomere?

A

the functional unit of contraction

-compartment of precisely arranged thick and thin filaments

26
Q

Myofibrils are built from 3 types of protein, what are they?

A
  1. Contractile Proteins
  2. Regulatory Proteins
  3. Structural Proteins
27
Q

What is the function of contractile proteins in myofibrils?

A
  • generate force during contraction by sliding past each other - leads to shortening of the fibre
  • myosin and actin
28
Q

What is the function of regulatory proteins in myofibrils?

A

Help switch the contraction process on or off

-troponin and tropomyosin

29
Q

What is the function of structural proteins in myofibrils?

A

Keep think and thin filaments in proper alignment

  • supply elasticity and extensibility
  • links myofibrils to sarcolemma and extracellular matrix
30
Q

What are the two main contractile proteins?

A
  1. Myosin

2. Actin

31
Q

What are 2 characteristics of myosin?

A
  1. the major component of thick filaments

2. Myosin is a molecular motor protein that converts chemical energy (ATP) into mechanical energy

32
Q

What are 2 characteristics of actin?

A
  1. the major component of thin filaments

2. Binds to myosin at the actin binding site

33
Q

What two regulatory proteins do the thin filaments contain and what is their function?

A
  1. troponin
  2. tropomyosin
    - regulate the interaction between actin and myosin
34
Q

Most skeletal muscles receive ______ nerve(s) that supply/supplies them with motor and sensory functions

A

One nerve supplies

as opposed to other muscles (ie sheetlike muscles of body wall) which receive multiple nerves

35
Q

Where do nerves typically enter a muscle?

A

With blood vessels as a unit called a “neuromuscular bundle”

-these nerves carry both sensory and motor information

36
Q

What are somatic motor neurons?

A

Individual cells (neurons) that innervate skeletal muscle fibres

37
Q

What is the neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)? (3)

A
  1. a point of near-contact between a somatic motor neuron and a skeletal muscle fibre
  2. each muscle fiber has one NMJ
  3. The axon of a somatic motor neuron branches out and forms NMJ’s with many different muscle fibres
38
Q

What is a Motor unit?

A

One somatic motor neuron plus all the skeletal muscle fibres it stimulates

HLSC 120 Human Anatomy (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions