TCCC/TECC Flashcards
What does Skin provide?
Protects the body from the environment and organisms
Helps regulate body temperatures
Senses heat, cold touch, pressure
Normal blood volume
5 liters
-.5 Liters of blood
Mental State: Alert
Radial Pulse: Full
Heart Rate: Normal or increased
Systolic Blood Pressure: Normal
Respiratory Rate: Normal
Going to die from this? No
-1 Liter of Blood
Mental State: Alert
Radial Pulse: Full
Heart Rate: 100+
Systolic Blood Pressure: Normal lying down
Respiratory Rate: May be normal
Going to die from this? No
-1.5 Liter of Blood
Mental State: Alert but anxious
Radial Pulse: May be weak
Heart Rate: 100+
Systolic Blood Pressure: May be decreased
Respiratory Rate: 30
Going to die from this? Probably not
-2.0 Liter of Blood
Mental State: Confused/lethargic
Radial Pulse: Weak
Heart Rate: 120+
Systolic Blood Pressure: Decreased
Respiratory Rate: .>35
Going to die from this? Maybe
-2.5 Liter of Blood
Mental State: Unconscious
Radial Pulse: Absent
Heart Rate: 140+
Systolic Blood Pressure: Markedly decreased
Respiratory Rate: 35
Going to die from this? Probably
Physicians need how many intubations
3
NPA, OPA
Nasal Pharyngeal Airway,
Oral Pharyngeal Airway
Complication of failing to ventilate.
Death or worse
Abdomen
Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)
- Gallbladder
- Liver
Abdomen
Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
- Stomach
- Spleen
- Pancreas
- Esophagus
Abdomen
Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)
- Large Intestine
- Appendix
Abdomen
Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
- Small
- Intestine
What are 2 big considerations when working on patients?
- Body type
- Age
In tactical combat casualty care rendering care is
the secondary mission
Your first priority under fire
is to return fire
90% of combat deaths
occur on the battlefield before the casualties reaches medical care
15-18% of casualties that die before reaching medical care can be saved by
- Stopping severe bleeding (hemorrhage)
- Relived tension pneumothorax
- Restore airways
MARCH:
*Massive Hemorrhage, Airways, Respirations, Circulation, Hypothermia/Head Trauma
.Lethal Triad
.Lethal Triad concentration
***Coagulation system: A temperature and pH dependent series of complex enzymatic reactions that result in the formation of blood clots to stop both internal and external hemorrhage
Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC )/Tactical Emergency Casualty Care (TECC) is divided into 3 phases (at any time the phases can change)
- Care Under Fire (1st Phase)
You are under effective hostile fire and are very limited to the care you can provide. Primary objective is to stop life threatening bleeding using a tourniquet and moving casualty to cover- Take co er and return fire
- Direct or expect casualty to remain engaged as a combatant
- Direct casualty to move to cover and apply self-aid
-try to keep casualty from sustaining any additional wounds - Tactical Field Care (2nd Phase)
In this you and the casualty are no longer under effective enemy fire
M.A.R.C.H/H
- Massive Hemorrhage
- Airway
- Respirations
- Circulation
- Hypothermia/Head Trauma - Tactical Evacuation Care (3rd Phase)
You render care during casualty evacuation
- Recheck all previous interventions
- Head to toe checks
- Continuous monitoring
- Document care
- Package casualty for transport
Before Approaching the Casualty
- Determine the best route of access and the best route of egress
- Request covering fire to reduce the risk to you and the casualty
- Anticipate the type of injuries the casualty may have received and what care is needed.
- If you decide to move the casualty (and yourself) to a safer location, and take the causality’s weapon and other mission essential equipment
Massive Hemorrhage
- Not all massive hemorrhages are going to be spurting
- Look in the area where major arteries are
- Not all major bleeds are exposed
- Control the Bleeding
- Ensure there is no distal pulse on injured extremity
- If there is a pulse, an additional tourniquet might be required
Two types of Tourniquets
- Combat Application Tourniquet (CAT)
- Special Operations Forces – Tourniquet (SOF-T)
Check the casualty for Responsiveness
- Ask casualty if it hurts or if they feel different (if conscience)
Reassess Hemorrhage
- Reassess prior hemorrhage controls
- Expose and assess wound.
- Apply tourniquet 2-4 inches above the wound (High as possible)
- Check distal pulse if the situation permits.
- Appy a hemostatic agent or pressure bandage if tourniquet is not needed.
Airway
- Head tilt chin lift
- look for obstructions
- Start interventions OPA, can only be used when the causality is unconscious or NPA if unable to sustain breathing alone
Tension Pneumothorax (symptoms)
- Monitor Casualty’s respirations
- Perform needle chest decompress
- Insert 10-14 gauge 2.13 in the needle catheter into the 2nd inner costal space also the 4th and 5th inner costal space along the Anterior Axillary Line.
Circulation
- Thorough blood sweeps and dress all wounds
-Gain IV access
Radial pulse is> 80mmHG
Femoral pulse is >70mmHG
Carotid pulse > 60- Check Skin color, condition and temperature and capillary refill
Hypothermia (Symptoms)
- Confusion, memory loss, or slurred speech
- Drop in body temperature below 95*F
- Exhaustion or drowsiness
- Loss of consciousness
- Numb hands or feet
- Shallow breathing
- Shivering
CPT Frank Butler
“If during the next war you could only o two things (1) put a tourniquet on an (2) relieve a tension pneumothorax then you can probably save between 70-90% of all the preventable deaths on the battlefield.
