T2-Burns: Depth of Injury Flashcards
What are the 5 types of burns?
Superficial (1st) Superficial partial thickness (2nd) Deep partial thickness (2nd) Full thickness (3rd) Deep full thickness (4th)
Are superficial (1st) burns minor or major significance?
Minor
With superficial burns there is often a _____ period follow by _____ due to _____
Latent period followed by erythema due to vasodilation
Is there a lot of tissue damage with superficial burns?
Minimal
How are the protection functions of the skin with superficial burns?
Protective functions of the skin remain INTACT–systemic effects are rare
What is the predominant symptom of a superficial burn? Are there blisters?
Prodminant symptom= Pain
Blisters DO NOT form
Superficial: The dead epidermis ____ and is replaced by ______ within ____. With or without scarring?
Sloughs and is replaced by REGENERATING KERATINOCYTES within 3-4 days
Without scarring
Superficial: The burning sensation and pain usually resolve in ____ and in ____ epithelium peels off in small scales or sheets. What is an example of a superficial first-degree burn?
48-72 hours, 3-6 days
Ex: Mild sunburn
What do partial thickness (2nd degree) burns involve?
The epidermis and varying degrees of the dermis
How do partial thickness burns look and feel?
Painful
Moist
Red
BLISTERED
Superficial partial thickness burns involve the _____ and part of the _____. How are dermal elements? When should the wound heal? Scarring? Sensitive wound?
- Epidermis and PART of the dermis
- Dermal elements= INTACT
- Heals=approx. 14 days
- Scarring= variable amounts
- Yes, Sensitive to TEMP CHANGES, EXPOSURE TO AIR, and LIGHT TOUCH
Deep partial thickness burns (2nd) resemble ____ burns
Full thickness (3rd)
Deep partial thickness (2nd): What remain intact?
Sweat glands and hair follicles= INTACT
What is the appearance of a deep partial thickness burn (2nd)?
- Mottled
- Pink, red, or waxy white areas WITH BLISTERS and EDEMA formation
How long does it take for a deep partial thickness burn to heal?
Heal spontaneously in approx. 21 days
Is there scarring with a deep partial thickness burn?
Yes
Full thickness (3rd) degree burns are serious injuries that involve what?
Entire epidermis and dermis and extend to SQ tissue
Full thickness: What can be seen beneath the surface of the wound? What is destroyed?
Thrombosed veseles= beneath surface of wound
Nerve endings, sweat glands, hair follicles= destroyed!
What is the color of a full thickness (3rd) burn?
Varies in color from red to tan, waxy white, brown or black and is DISTINGUISHED BY A DRY, LEATHERY APPEARANCE
Normally, full thickness burns ____ sensation in the area of injury because of the destruction of nerve endings. However, most full-thickness burns have superficial and partial thickness burned areas at the ____ of the burn, where nerve endings are intact and exposed. Also, excised eschar and donor sites cause exposed nerve fibers. Finally, as peripherally fibers regenerate, ______ returns.
LACK
Periphery
PAINFUL SENSATION returns
What type of burn is a 4th degree burn?
Full thickness
What does a deep full thickness (4th) burn involve?
Underlying structures such as muscle, fascia, and bone
What does a deep full thickness (4th) burn appear as?
Dull and dry
Ligaments, tendons, and bones may be exposed
What types of burns require autografting?
Full thickness burns (3rd and 4th)
What burns have no blisters?
Superficial (1st)
What burns blanch with pressure?
Partial thickness (1st and 2nd)
What burn has thromboses vessels visible?
Full thickness (3rd)
What burn may require amputation?
Deep full thickness (4th)
What burn has charring visible in deepest areas?
Deep full thickness (4th)
What burn is very sensitive to touch and air currents
Partial thickness (2nd)
