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Pediatrics-MJ > T1-Growth and Development > Flashcards

T1-Growth and Development Flashcards

1
Q

What is the technical age for an infant?

A

1 month-12 months

*a neonate is birth-1 month

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2
Q

What is the technical age for a toddler?

A

1-3 years

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3
Q

What is the technical age for a preschooler?

A

3-6 years

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4
Q

What is the technical age for school age children?

A

6-12 years

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5
Q

What is the technical age for adolescents?

A

12-20

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6
Q

Infancy: Birth-1 year

What is Erikson’s theory?
Freud?
Piaget?

A

Erikson: Trust vs. Mistrust
Freud: Oral
Piaget: Sensorimotor (birth-2 years)

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7
Q

Toddler: 1-3 years

What is Erikson’s theory?
Freud?
Piaget?
Kohlberg?

A

Erikson: Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt
Freud: Anal
Piaget: Sensorimotor (1-2 years) & Pre-operational (2-4 years)
Kohlberg: Preconventional

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8
Q

Preschool: 3-6

What is Erikson’s theory?
Freud?
Piaget?
Kohlberg?

A

Erikson: Initiative vs. Guilt
Freud: Phallic
Piaget: Preoperational
Kohlberg: Preconventional

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9
Q

School age: 6-12

What is Erikson’s theory?
Freud?
Piaget?
Kohlberg?

A

Erikson: Industry vs. Inferiority
Freud: Latency
Piaget: Concrete operations
Kohlberg: Conventional

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10
Q

Adolescence: 12-20

What is Erikson’s theory?
Freud?
Piaget?
Kohlberg?

A

Erikson: Identity vs. Role Confusion
Freud: Genital
Piaget: Formal Operations (11-15 years)
Kohlberg: Post-conventional

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11
Q

The quantitative changes in physical size of the body and its parts

A

Growth

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12
Q

The process of becoming fully grown and developed. It involves both the physiological and behavioral aspects of an individual

A

Maturation

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13
Q

Behavioral changes in functional abilities and skills

A

Development

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14
Q

Patterned, orderly, lifelong changes in structure, thought, or behavior that evolve a a result of maturation of physical and mental capacity, experiences, and learning resulting in a new level of maturity and integraton

A

Another definition for DEVELOPMENT

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15
Q

The time of the most rapid growth or development in a particular stage of the life cycle

A

Critical period

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16
Q

Return to a less sophisticated pattern of behavior as a defense against anxiety

A

Regression

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17
Q

How is muscular development achieved in children?

A

Cephalocaudal and proximodistal

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18
Q

Development proceeds from general to ___

A

Specific

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19
Q

In normal cephalocaudal growth, the child gains control of the ____ before the ____.

A

Head and neck before the trunk and limbs

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20
Q

In normal proximodistal growth, the child controls ___ movements before ____.

A

Arm movements before hand movements

Ex: A child reaches for an object before being able to grasp it

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21
Q

Children gain control of their ___ before their fingers; that is, they can hold things with the entire hand before they can pick something up with just their fingers

A

Hands then fingers

22
Q

Infants. How much should they weigh at 6 months? 12 months?

A

6 months: double birth weight

12 months: triple birth weight

23
Q

How much should toddlers weight by 2?

A

4x their birth weight

24
Q

How much weight do preschoolers gain per year?

A

~4.4-6.6 lbs–average about 5 lbs per year

25
Q

How much do school-aged children gain annually?

A

4.4-6.6 lbs yearly

26
Q

Where do functions develop first: ones closer to the midline or the distal ones?

A

Those closer to the midline

27
Q

T/F: Development occurs from complex to simple.

A

FALSE. It occurs from SIMPLE to COMPLEX

28
Q

What is the most significant, reliable means of assessing developmental status?

A

Behavior!

29
Q

Growth responsibility that arises at a certain time in the course of development

A

Growth task

30
Q

What does successful achievement of the growth task lead to?

A

Satisfaction and success with later tasks

31
Q

What does failure of the growth task lead to?

A

Difficulty with later tasks

32
Q

Physiological growth of an individual is influenced primarily by interaction of genetic predisposition, the CNS, endocrine system, and maturation

A

Physiological dimension

33
Q

Consists of subjective feelings and interpersonal relationships (ex. bonding)

Theorists here?

A

Psychosocial dimension

Freud and Erikson

34
Q

A view of one’s self, including body image, self-esteem, and ideal self

A

Self-concept

35
Q

The intellecutal process of knowing which includes perception, memory, and judgement

Theorist?

A

Cognitive dimension

Piaget

36
Q

A person’s value system that helps in differentiating right and wrong

Theorists?

A

Moral dimension

Kohlberg

37
Q

The ability to independently decide fro one’s self what is “right”

A

Moral maturity

38
Q

When is the prenatal period?

A

Conception-birth

39
Q

What is the neonatal period?

A

First 28 days

40
Q

What is performed immediately after delivery?

A

A complete exam

41
Q

What is the infancy period? What does nursing care focus on?

A

first month-first year

Safety, preventing infection, teaching parents about incorporating the child into the family

42
Q

When is the toddler period?

A

1-3 years

Begins when the child is about to walk alone, ending at around 3

43
Q

What do toddlers like to play with?

A

Push/pull toys

44
Q

Nutritional needs change as growth rate slows and caloric needs ____ from infancy to toddlerhood.

A

Decrease

45
Q

What is the preschool age?

A

3 years-6 years

46
Q

What are the leading cause of death in young children?

A

Accidents

47
Q

What is the school-age child age? When do many accidents occur for this age group?

A

6-12

during play

48
Q

What is the developmental stage from 10-12

A

Preadolescent

49
Q

What is the age for adolescent? What is important with this age group?

A

13-20 years old; use of a nonjudgemental attitude

50
Q

What are the 3 major causes of adolescent death?

A

Accidents
Homicide
Suicide

Pediatrics-MJ (61 decks)

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