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Pediatrics-MJ > T1-Adolescents > Flashcards

T1-Adolescents Flashcards

1
Q

What is the age for adolescents?

A

12-20

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2
Q

What is Erikson’s stage for adolescents?

A

Identity vs. Role confusion

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3
Q

Is there slow or rapid growth?

A

Rapid

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4
Q

How are growth changes happen?

A

Dramatic and sudden

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5
Q

_____ occurs during adolescence.

A

Sexual development

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6
Q

Do adolescents need more or less sleep than other years?

A

More rest is needed

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7
Q

When do boys reach max height?

A

18-19

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8
Q

When do girls reach max height?

A

15-16

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9
Q

Adolescents have _____ changes

A

neuro-endocrine changes

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10
Q

What kind of thought do adolescents have?

A

Operational thought

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11
Q

What are some health concerns for this age group?

A 
Acne
Sexual behavior
Driving
Suicide
Risk behaviors
Eating disorders
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12
Q

What us a response to identity confusion?

A

Intolerance

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13
Q

What is a significant part of adolescence?

A

Sexual identification

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14
Q

What are adolescents concerned about?

A

Body and appearance

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15
Q

The need for _____ may cause conflict

A

Independence

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16
Q

What are very important in adolescents?

A

Peer groups

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17
Q

Adolescents are going to start to absorb and use ____.

A

Information

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18
Q

Adolescents still want to _____

A

Do the right thing

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19
Q

What do adolescents start to examine?

A

Values and morals

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20
Q

What are adolescents reactions to separation?

A
  • Welcome it from parents

- Consider separation from peer group as a terrible threat

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21
Q

What are some teenage health problems?

A 
Alcohol
Tobacco 
Drug abuse
Athletic injuries
Eating disorders
Car accidents
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22
Q

When is the final 20-25% of height achieved?

A

Puberty

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23
Q

What may appear during adolescence?

A

Acne

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24
Q

When do girls stop growing?

A

2-2.5 years after the onset of menarche

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25
Q

When do boys stop growing?

A

18-20 years

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26
Q

What is the sexual maturation order for boys?

A
  1. Testicular enlargement
  2. Pubic hair growth
  3. Facial hair growth
  4. Vocal changes
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27
Q

What is sexual maturation order for girls?

A
  1. Breast development
  2. Pubic hair growth (some girls experience hair growth before breast development)
  3. Axillary hair growth
  4. Menstruation
28
Q

What should boys expect during puberty?

A

The testicular enlargement will occur between 9.5-14 years of age, then the pubic hair, during the early puberty boys increase in muscularity, voice changes, and may begin to develop facial hair.

29
Q

What is common during midpuberty for boys?

A

Gynecomastia

30
Q

What is a boys response to puberty?

A

May become troubled, puzzled and embarrassed especially during times of premature spontaneous ejactulation

31
Q

What do girls expect during puberty?

A

Development of a small bud of breast tissue, which is the most easily visible change of puberty (thelarche); pubic hair follows breast development; then menarche

32
Q

What is the average age of thelarche in girls?

A

Caucasian girls=10

African American girls= 9 years

33
Q

Menarche is the last part of puberty in girls. When does this occur?

A

2 years after the appearance of breast buds

34
Q

When do girls have regular menstrual periods?

A

6-14 months after menarche

35
Q

What are girls responses to puberty?

A

Girls are more likely to identify as being overweight with early developing girls staring diets to look slim like cultural norms—unfortinately nutrition is very important during this time

36
Q

Sexual maturation influences satisfaction with their appearance. Who does this happen in more: boys or girls?

A

GIRLS

37
Q

What is Freuds stage of psychosexual development in adolescents? Explain

A

Genital

  • Settling down in loving one-to-one relationship with another person in our 20s
  • Heterosexual pleasure, rather than self
  • Sexual instinct in adults is intercourse
38
Q

What does fixation of the ORAL stage result in?

A

A person gaining sexual pleasure primarily from kissing and oral sex, rather than sexual intercourse

39
Q

What is Piagets stage of cognitive development in adolescents?

A

Formal operations

40
Q

Being able to think in abstract terms, think about possibilities, and think through hypotheses

A

Formal operations

41
Q

What is Eriksons stage for this age and describe.

A

Identity vs. Role confusion

Develop personal identity and view themselves as unique individuals if they succeed this task; group identity

42
Q

Adolescents become part of a peer group that greatly influences their behavior

A

Group identity

43
Q

Adolescents develop a sense of personal identity and come to view themselves as unique individuals

A

Individual

44
Q

Adolescents bemuse part of a peer group that greatly influences their behavior

A

Group identity

45
Q

Begins with close, same-sex friendships during early adolescence which sometimes involve sexual experimentation driven by curiosity; transition from same-sex friendships to intimate relationships with the opposite sex during middle adolescence

A

Sex role

46
Q

How does self exploration occur?

A

Masturbation

47
Q

What is the developmental course of intimacy?

A
  1. Self focused
  2. Role focused
  3. Individual connect
48
Q

What happens in late adolescence?

A

Sexual identity typically is formed through the integration of sexual experiences, feelings, and knowledge

49
Q

How do adolescents solve moral development?

A

Using internalized moral principles

50
Q

Adolescents ____ relevance of existent moral values to society and individuals.

A

Question

51
Q

Religious beliefs may become more ___ during adolescent

A

abstract

52
Q

What may late adolescents do in regards do spiritual development?

A

May reexamine and reevaluate their beliefs from childhood

53
Q

How do late adolescents reexamine and reevaluate their beliefs?

A

Question family values and ideals, move to philosophic thinking, and emphasis on personal religion

54
Q

What is the role of emotions in adolescents?

A
  1. Adolescent egocentrism
  2. Self absorption
  3. Health related beliefs
55
Q

What are the 2 types of health related beliefs in adolescents?

A
  1. Imaginary audience (everyone is watching)

2. Personal fable (won’t happen to me)

56
Q

What are some activities and interest of the adolescent?

A

Caring for a pet
Career training programs
Reading
Social events (movies, school dances)

57
Q

Discuss the parent-child relationship during adolescence.

A

Parent child relationships change to allow a greater sense of independence

58
Q

What type of play do adolescents engage in?

A
  • Nonviolent video games (?lol…COD?)
  • Nonviolent music and reading (?lol…)
  • Team sports
  • Peer interactions
59
Q

Discuss the importance of peers to the adolescent.

A

Adolescents develop a sense of personal identity, and come to view themselves as unique individuals; group identity (peer group influences behavior)

60
Q

What happens in social development?

A

Peer relationships develop–support system from adolescents

Best friend relationships are more stable and longer lasting than previous years

61
Q

What are the nutritional needs of the adolescent and what characteristics of adolescence may inhibit good nutrition?

A

Rapid growth and high metabolism require increases in quality nutrients and make adolescents unable to tolerate caloric restrictions

62
Q

What sort nutrients may be needed during periods of rapid growth?

A

Calcium
Iron
Zinc

63
Q

T/F: Only overeating present special challenges during the adolescent years

A

FALSE–UNDEREATING presents challenges too!!!

64
Q

What are major fears of the adolescent?

A

Fears:

  • Acceptance
  • Relationships with friends
  • Physical appearance
  • Reluctant to seek health care b/c of confidential services (sexual behaviors, substance abuse behaviors, depression/suicidal thoughts, physical/emotional abuse)

*(gay, lesbian, bisexual adolescents have problems with all this even more!)

65
Q

How does hospitalization affect the fears of adolescents?

A
  • Body image disturbance (due to med problem eating habits, obesity)
  • Attempts to maintain composure but is embarrassed about losing control
  • Feelings of isolation from peers
  • Worries about outcome/impact on school and activities
  • May not adhere to treatment/medications due to peer influence

Pediatrics-MJ (61 decks)

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