T1-Adolescents Flashcards
What is the age for adolescents?
12-20
What is Erikson’s stage for adolescents?
Identity vs. Role confusion
Is there slow or rapid growth?
Rapid
How are growth changes happen?
Dramatic and sudden
_____ occurs during adolescence.
Sexual development
Do adolescents need more or less sleep than other years?
More rest is needed
When do boys reach max height?
18-19
When do girls reach max height?
15-16
Adolescents have _____ changes
neuro-endocrine changes
What kind of thought do adolescents have?
Operational thought
What are some health concerns for this age group?
Acne Sexual behavior Driving Suicide Risk behaviors Eating disorders
What us a response to identity confusion?
Intolerance
What is a significant part of adolescence?
Sexual identification
What are adolescents concerned about?
Body and appearance
The need for _____ may cause conflict
Independence
What are very important in adolescents?
Peer groups
Adolescents are going to start to absorb and use ____.
Information
Adolescents still want to _____
Do the right thing
What do adolescents start to examine?
Values and morals
What are adolescents reactions to separation?
- Welcome it from parents
- Consider separation from peer group as a terrible threat
What are some teenage health problems?
Alcohol Tobacco Drug abuse Athletic injuries Eating disorders Car accidents
When is the final 20-25% of height achieved?
Puberty
What may appear during adolescence?
Acne
When do girls stop growing?
2-2.5 years after the onset of menarche
When do boys stop growing?
18-20 years
What is the sexual maturation order for boys?
- Testicular enlargement
- Pubic hair growth
- Facial hair growth
- Vocal changes
What is sexual maturation order for girls?
- Breast development
- Pubic hair growth (some girls experience hair growth before breast development)
- Axillary hair growth
- Menstruation
What should boys expect during puberty?
The testicular enlargement will occur between 9.5-14 years of age, then the pubic hair, during the early puberty boys increase in muscularity, voice changes, and may begin to develop facial hair.
What is common during midpuberty for boys?
Gynecomastia
What is a boys response to puberty?
May become troubled, puzzled and embarrassed especially during times of premature spontaneous ejactulation
What do girls expect during puberty?
Development of a small bud of breast tissue, which is the most easily visible change of puberty (thelarche); pubic hair follows breast development; then menarche
What is the average age of thelarche in girls?
Caucasian girls=10
African American girls= 9 years
Menarche is the last part of puberty in girls. When does this occur?
2 years after the appearance of breast buds
When do girls have regular menstrual periods?
6-14 months after menarche
What are girls responses to puberty?
Girls are more likely to identify as being overweight with early developing girls staring diets to look slim like cultural norms—unfortinately nutrition is very important during this time
Sexual maturation influences satisfaction with their appearance. Who does this happen in more: boys or girls?
GIRLS
What is Freuds stage of psychosexual development in adolescents? Explain
Genital
- Settling down in loving one-to-one relationship with another person in our 20s
- Heterosexual pleasure, rather than self
- Sexual instinct in adults is intercourse
What does fixation of the ORAL stage result in?
A person gaining sexual pleasure primarily from kissing and oral sex, rather than sexual intercourse
What is Piagets stage of cognitive development in adolescents?
Formal operations
Being able to think in abstract terms, think about possibilities, and think through hypotheses
Formal operations
What is Eriksons stage for this age and describe.
Identity vs. Role confusion
Develop personal identity and view themselves as unique individuals if they succeed this task; group identity
Adolescents become part of a peer group that greatly influences their behavior
Group identity
Adolescents develop a sense of personal identity and come to view themselves as unique individuals
Individual
Adolescents bemuse part of a peer group that greatly influences their behavior
Group identity
Begins with close, same-sex friendships during early adolescence which sometimes involve sexual experimentation driven by curiosity; transition from same-sex friendships to intimate relationships with the opposite sex during middle adolescence
Sex role
How does self exploration occur?
Masturbation
What is the developmental course of intimacy?
- Self focused
- Role focused
- Individual connect
What happens in late adolescence?
Sexual identity typically is formed through the integration of sexual experiences, feelings, and knowledge
How do adolescents solve moral development?
Using internalized moral principles
Adolescents ____ relevance of existent moral values to society and individuals.
Question
Religious beliefs may become more ___ during adolescent
abstract
What may late adolescents do in regards do spiritual development?
May reexamine and reevaluate their beliefs from childhood
How do late adolescents reexamine and reevaluate their beliefs?
Question family values and ideals, move to philosophic thinking, and emphasis on personal religion
What is the role of emotions in adolescents?
- Adolescent egocentrism
- Self absorption
- Health related beliefs
What are the 2 types of health related beliefs in adolescents?
- Imaginary audience (everyone is watching)
2. Personal fable (won’t happen to me)
What are some activities and interest of the adolescent?
Caring for a pet
Career training programs
Reading
Social events (movies, school dances)
Discuss the parent-child relationship during adolescence.
Parent child relationships change to allow a greater sense of independence
What type of play do adolescents engage in?
- Nonviolent video games (?lol…COD?)
- Nonviolent music and reading (?lol…)
- Team sports
- Peer interactions
Discuss the importance of peers to the adolescent.
Adolescents develop a sense of personal identity, and come to view themselves as unique individuals; group identity (peer group influences behavior)
What happens in social development?
Peer relationships develop–support system from adolescents
Best friend relationships are more stable and longer lasting than previous years
What are the nutritional needs of the adolescent and what characteristics of adolescence may inhibit good nutrition?
Rapid growth and high metabolism require increases in quality nutrients and make adolescents unable to tolerate caloric restrictions
What sort nutrients may be needed during periods of rapid growth?
Calcium
Iron
Zinc
T/F: Only overeating present special challenges during the adolescent years
FALSE–UNDEREATING presents challenges too!!!
What are major fears of the adolescent?
Fears:
- Acceptance
- Relationships with friends
- Physical appearance
- Reluctant to seek health care b/c of confidential services (sexual behaviors, substance abuse behaviors, depression/suicidal thoughts, physical/emotional abuse)
*(gay, lesbian, bisexual adolescents have problems with all this even more!)
How does hospitalization affect the fears of adolescents?
- Body image disturbance (due to med problem eating habits, obesity)
- Attempts to maintain composure but is embarrassed about losing control
- Feelings of isolation from peers
- Worries about outcome/impact on school and activities
- May not adhere to treatment/medications due to peer influence
