T. Intestinal Obstruction

Question 1

Intestinal Obstruction

Answer 1

• The location of the obstruction determines the extent of fluid, electrolyte, and acid–base imbalances.
• Dehydration occurs when obstruction is in the small bowel
• If the obstruction is high – metabolic alkalosis, from the loss of HCL acid from vomiting or NG drainage.
• Obstruction below the proximal colon – build up of fecal material with possible reversed peristalsis.

Question 2

Mechanical Intestinal Obstruction

Answer 2

• Caused by an occlusion of the lumen of the intestinal tract.
• Primarily occurs in the small intestine
• surgical adhesions
• colon obstruction (from colorectal cancer)

Question 3

Nonmechanical Intestinal Obstruction

Answer 3

• Caused from a neuromuscular or vascular disorder
• Occurs with reduced or absent peristalsis from problems with the parasympathetic nervous system
Paralytic ileus (lack of intestinal peristalsis and bowel sounds)

Vascular obstructions

• Paralytic ileus
• Pseudo-obstruction

Question 4

Obstipation

Answer 4

severe or complete constipation.

Question 5

Borborygmi

Answer 5

a rumbling or gurgling noise made by the movement of fluid and gas in the intestines.