Swine Anesthesia Flashcards
general considerations for swine anesthesia
difficult to restrain
poor venous access
more challenging to intubate than some other domestic species
certain breeds prone to malignant hyperthermia
T/F most anesthetic drugs are “off-label”
True
IM drug administration
lots of SQ fat
need long needles
IVC placement
auricular veins
cephalic veins
what is the ideal site for IM injection
neck area, caudal to ear and approx. 5 cm from dorsal midline
why should you not give IM injections into the hindlimb muscles
HAM!!!
what class of drug is Azaperone
dopamine antagonist
classified as tranquiliser and relieve anxiety
CV and respiratory effects of azaperone
minimal
some hypotension
T/F azaperone is an antiarrhythmic and potent antiemetic
True
Pigs are more/less sensitive to alpha 2 agonists
more
may combine with opioids and ketamine for IM administration
intubation of swine
sternal recumbency
ropes/ties to open mouth
long laryngoscope blades
T/F during intubation rotate to avoid entering ventral diverticulum
true
what artery should be used in direct arterial blood pressure
auricular
common NSAIDs
meloxicam
carprofen
lumbosacral epidural
C-sections and castration
use stifle as a landmark
recovery of swine
airway management - risk of laryngaspasm, obstruction
monitor body temp
maintain quiet environment
ensure adequate analgesia
malignant hyperthermia in swine
rare inherited condition - mutation of ryanodine Ca release channel
leads to intense muscle spasm and increase body temp in response to certain drugs
which two drugs are most commonly implicated with malignant hyperthermia
suxamethonium and halothane
signs and symptoms of malignant hyperthermia
rapidly increasing ETCO2
muscle rigidity
dramatic increase in body temp
tachypnea→dyspnea →apnea
hypoxia, cyanosis
increase lactate production
metabolic acidosis
myoglobinurea
arrhythmia
treatment of malignant hyperthermia
stop administration of inhalant anaesthetic - change breathing system, clean machine
give high inspired fractions of inspired oxygen
cool down
dantrolene
NaHCO3 IV to treat metabolic acidosis
