Structures of the Digestive System Flashcards
What are the two parts to the digestive system?
- Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract)
- Accessory digestive organs
What is the Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract)?
- The pathway from the mouth to the anus
- Most organs of the GI tract protected by the peritoneum
What is the Accessory digestive organs?
- Grinding food
- Providing digestive secretions
What does the Gastrointestinal Tract do?
- Digests food
- Absorbs nutrients and water into the blood
- Eliminates waste
Components of the gastrointestinal tract
- Mouth- food is moistened and chewed
- Esophagus-tube leading to the stomach
- Stomach-secretes chemicals to digest foods
- Small intestine-majority of digestion and absorption of nutrients
- Large intestine (colon)-completes absorption of nutrients and water
- Rectum and anus- store and eliminate waste
Components of the accessory digestive system
- Tongue and teeth- chew food
- Salivary glands- secrete saliva
- Liver- neutralizes or removes harmful substance, produces bile for digestion
- Gallbladder-concentrates and stores bile that is made in the liver
- Pancreas-pancreatic juice that neutralizes stomach acid, further digests food
Components of the Digestive System
- Tongue
- Teeth
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
- Colon
- Rectum
Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System of the Tongue and teeth
Viridans streptococc
Normal Microbiota of the Digestive System of the
- Microbiota = microbial antagonists
- Echerichia
- Enterobacter
- Klebsiella
- Mucous membrane
Bacterial Diseases of the Digestive System
- Dental caries
- Gingivitis
- Periodontal disease
- Peptic ulcers
- Bacterial gastroenteritis
- Bacterial food poisoning (intoxication)
What is Bacterial Gastroenteritis?
- Inflammation of the stomach or intestines due to the presence of bacteria
- Contaminated foods or water
General features for Bacterial Gastroenteritis
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Cramps
Sever Bacterial Gastroenteritis
Produces loose, frequent stool containing mucus and blood
Common viral diseases of the digestive system
- Oral herpes
- Mumps
- Viral gastroenteritis
- Viral hepatitis
Two Protozoal gastrointestinal diseases
- Giardiasis
- Amebiasis
