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Microbiology 39 > Encephalitis > Flashcards

Encephalitis Flashcards

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1
Q

Characteristics of Encephalitis

A
  • inflammation of the brain
  • Acure or subacute
  • Serious condition
  • Tissue in brain is damage by inflammatory processes
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2
Q

Acute Encephalitis

A
  • Virus borne insects (arboviruses)
  • West Nile virus
  • Mosquitoes
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3
Q

Pathogenesis Factors for Encephalitis- Arboviruses

A
  1. Arthropod bite
  2. Release of virus into tissue
  3. Replication in lymphatic
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4
Q

Virulence Factors for Encephalitis- Arboviruses

A
  • Prolonged Viremia establish virus in brain
  • Inflammation:
  • Swelling
  • Damage to brain, nerves, and meninges
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5
Q

Signs and Symptoms for Encephalitis- Arboviruses

A
  • Extremely Variable
  • Coma
  • Convulsions
  • Paralysis
  • Tremor
  • Loss of coordination
  • Memory Deficits
  • Change in speech/personality
  • Heart disorders
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6
Q

Culture and Diagnosis for Encephalitis- Arboviruses

A
  • Difficult
  • Patient history of travel
  • Serum analysis
  • Rapid serological test
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7
Q

Prevention and Treatment for Encephalitis- Arboviruses

A
  • Empiric acyclovir therapy
  • Control fever, convulsions, dehydration, shock, edema
  • Aimed at Arthropods vector
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8
Q

Characteristics of Subacute Encephalitis

A
  • Symptoms longer to emerge

- Less striking

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9
Q

Causes of subacute encephalitis

A
  • Persistent measles virus 7-15 years after infection

- Prions

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10
Q

Characteristics of Prions

A

-Proteinaceous infectious particles- no genetic material

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11
Q

Causes for Prions

A
  • Cause transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs)
  • CJD
  • Long incubation
  • Rapid progression
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12
Q

Signs and Symptoms for Prions CJD

A
  • Altered behavior
  • Memory Loss
  • Impaired senses
  • Delirium
  • Premature Senility
  • Uncontrollable muscle contractions
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13
Q

Causative Agent for Prions CJD

A
  • Prion
  • Transmissible agents
  • Hardy pathogens (Very resistant)
    1. Transform norm PrP
    2. Makes PrP catalytic
    3. Converts PrP protein sinto abnormal form
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14
Q

What does Prions CJD cause?

A
  • Plaques in brain
  • Spongiform damage
  • Loss of brain functions
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15
Q

Transmission for Prions: CJD

A
  • Meat products contaminated with prions
  • Cow meat
  • Surgical instruments
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16
Q

Epidemiology for Prions: CJD

A
  • Late 1990s, humans contracted vCJD after ingesting meat from cattle that had been afflicted with BSE
  • Deaths 28 years vCJD
  • Death 68 years CJD

Microbiology 39 (77 decks)

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