Streptococcal Infections

Question 1

Signs and symptoms of invasive group A streptococcal infection

Answer 1

• Intense pain and swelling

- Muscle and fascia is digested by bacterium

Question 2

Necrotizing Fasciitis Pathogen

Answer 2

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 3

Necrotizing Fasciitis Virulence Factors

Answer 3

• Enzymes, some damage muscle tissue
• Streptokinases (break down blood clots)
• Hyaluronidases (break cell connections)
• deoxyribonucleases (break DNA)
• Streptolysins (break RBC and leukocytes)

Question 4

Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxins SPEs A

Answer 4

• Superantigen

- T-cells release cytokines lead to toxic shock

Question 5

Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxins SPEs B

Answer 5

• Protease
• Causes tissue death/breakdown
• Fluid and swelling to area
• Multiply in dead tissue

Question 6

M protein

Answer 6

• Surface protein shredded from bacteria growth
• Attaches to fibrinogen
• Bind to Neutrophils
• Release inflammatory molecules and increase vascular permeability

Question 7

Necrotizing Fasciitis Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Answer 7

• Hard to diagnose
• Symptoms are flulike
• Treatment with antibiotics like penicillin