Maculopapular Rash Diseases

Question 1

What is Maculopapular Rash Disease?

Answer 1

Skin eruptions caused by a variety of microbes

Question 2

What does Maculopapular Rash Disease look like?

Answer 2

Flat to slightly raised colored bumps

Question 3

What are the different types of Maculopapular Rash Diseases?

Answer 3

• Measles (Rubeola)
• Rubella
• Fifth Disease
• Roseola

Question 4

Measles Signs and Symptoms

Answer 4

• Sore throat
• Dry cough
• Headache
• Conjunctivitis
• Lymphadenitis
• Fever
• Red rash starts on head and then to trunk and limbs

Question 5

Cause of Measles

Answer 5

Morbillivirus (rubeola virus)

Question 6

Portal of entry for Measles

Answer 6

• Respiratory tract

- Most contagious infectious diseases

Question 7

Incubation period for Measles

Answer 7

8-12 days

Question 8

Susceptibility for Measles

Answer 8

Unvaccinated individuals

Question 9

Treatment for Measles

Answer 9

Supportive therapy

Question 10

Culture and Diagnosis for Measles

Answer 10

• Clinical presentation

- ELSA test for IgM to measles antigen

Question 11

Measles Prevention

Answer 11

• Get live attenuated vaccine (MMR vaccine)
• Protects up to 20 years
• Recommended for children 12-15 months w/ booster before school

Question 12

Measles Sequelae and Complications

Answer 12

• Laryngitis
• Bronchopneumonia
• Secondary infections
• Pneumonia
• Encephalitis

Question 13

Measles complications of Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Answer 13

-Progressive neurological degeneration of:
cerebral cortex, white matter, and brain stem
-1 in a million cases
-Involves a defective virus
-Neurological impairment
-Eventually coma and death

Question 14

Characteristics for Rubella

Answer 14

• German measles “little red”
• Minor rash
• Serious damage in fetus in utero
• Women should be vaccinated before conceiving

Question 15

Cause for Rubella

Answer 15

Rubivirus (Rubella virus)

Question 16

Portal of entry for Rubella

Answer 16

Respiratory tract

Question 17

Signs and Symptoms for Rubella

Answer 17

• Rash

- Swollen lymph nodes

Question 18

Incubation period for Rubella

Answer 18

7-14 days

Question 19

Susceptibility for Rubella

Answer 19

• Unvaccinated individuals

- Fetus

Question 20

Treatment for Rubella

Answer 20

Supportive therapy

Question 21

Prevention for Rubella

Answer 21

Vaccination with MMR vaccine

Question 22

What is Fifth Disease?

Answer 22

Also called Erythema infectiosum that causes rashes in children

Question 23

Signs and Symptoms for Fifth Disease

Answer 23

1. “Slapped Cheek” on face
2. Within 2 days rash spreads on body mostly trunk/limbs

-Rash may occur for several weeks

Question 24

Causes of Fifth Disease

Answer 24

Parvovirus B19

Question 25

Diagnosis for Fifth Disease

Answer 25

• Clinical presentation

- Rule out Rubella be testing for IgM antibodies

Question 26

Transmission/Epidemiology for Fifth Disease

Answer 26

Very contagious

Question 27

Prevention and Treatment for Fifth Disease

Answer 27

• No vaccine and No Treatment

- Usually mild disease

Question 28

Characteristics of Roseola

Answer 28

• Also known as “sixth disease”

- Common in young children and babies

Question 29

Signs and Symptoms for Roseola

Answer 29

1. High fever 41 C or 105 F
   - Last up to 3 days
2. Rash, but 70% don’t show rash
   - Rash on 4th day on chest/trunk and slightly on face/limbs

Question 30

Causes of Roseola

Answer 30

Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) sometimes (HHV-7)

Question 31

Virulence factors for Roseola

Answer 31

• Remains latent in host after disease has cleared

- Can occasionally cause mononucleosis like symptoms

Question 32

Transmission/Epidemiology of Roseola

Answer 32

100% of US population is infected with the virus by adulthood

Question 33

Prevention and Treatment for Roseola

Answer 33

• No treatment

- No vaccine