Strength Flashcards
What is strength?
- Ability to contract the muscles with maximum force, given constraints
- Ability to exert musculoskeletal force against an external object
Strength is the ability to contract the muscles with maximum force given the constraints of what 4 things?
- Structural/anatomical factors
- Physiological/bio mechanical factors
- Psychoneural/psychosocial factors
- External/environmental factors
In fitness terms, strength is the ability to exert musculoskeletal force against and external object and it comes from what 4 main sources?
- How the body is put together as an efficient machine
- How the internal systems work to create energy and promote repair, remodeling, and growth in response to training
- How skills, attitudes, belief systems, and tolerance to pain interrelate to allow the body to function at peak efficiency
- How factors external to the body can be manipulated to produce greater force output
What is 1RM?
“Max” or “one rep max”; maximum effort for one repetition of a weight training exercise
What is limit strength?
Absolute strength enhanced by hypnosis, electrotherapy, ergogenic substances(nutritional supplements or drugs), or other techniques. Such aids increase the potential for strength above normal capacity
What are the 3 kinds of limit strength?
- Eccentric strength
- Static strength
- Concentric strength
What is static strength?
Strength required to resist and control the weight resistance involved in a stationary position
What is concentric strength?
When the force generated by the muscle(through concentric contraction) exceeds the load opposing its contraction
What is absolute strength?
The amount of musculoskeletal force you can generate for one all-out effort. Developed through heavy weight training, typically involving above the 80-85% of maximum effort for each lift
What is speed strength?
The ability of the neuromuscular system to produce the greatest possible impulse in the shortest possible time. Defined by Work/Time, where Work is defined as Force x Distance.
What is starting strength?
The ability to recruit as many motor units (MU’s) as possible instantaneously at the start of a movement
What is explosive strength?
Ability to exert strength or force as rapidly as possible in a given direction.
What is anaerobic strength?
Musculoskeletal force and energy production that does not require oxygen.
What is linear strength endurance?
Sustained all-out maximum effort over an extended period of time
What is nonlinear strength endurance?
Ability to perform an activity with exceeding explosiveness over and over for an extended period of time
What is aerobic strength?
Musculoskeletal force and energy production that requires oxygen
What is general strength?
The quality of being physically strong
What is specific strength?
Limit strength obtained specific to the particular muscle groups that will be most involved in the performance of the events/activities in which are to be performed
What is special strength?
Specialized type of strength gained that is specific to a particular sport or activity skill/event.
What is the strength curve?
Graphical representation of how the human body generates and applies force in a specific direction
Define force.
The interaction that creates work, action, or physical change. Such as a push, pull or lift
What is Fmax?
Aspect of the strength curve that stands for force max. Fmax divided by Tmax is the definition of explosive strength.
What is Tmax?
Aspect of the strength curve that stands for time max. Measurement of how long it takes from the beginning of upwards(concentric) movement to exert maximum force.
What is the equation for power?
P = fd/t
Power is equal to force times the distance per unit of time
What is the equation for explosive strength?
Explosive strength = Fmax/Tmax
What is functional strength?
Category of strength that can improve the ability to perform everyday tasks or sports skills, builds overall strength and balance, and augments resistance to injury
What is the amortization phase?
“Transistion Phase”; represents the brief time between concentric and eccentric movement
What is ballistic stress?
Commonly used by individuals to help them to develop and improve explosiveness and power in the body. Achieved by accelerating and releasing weight into space
What is ballistic movement?
Muscle contractions that exhibit maximum velocities and accelerations over a very short period of time
What are plyometrics?
Exercises in which muscles exert maximum force in short intervals of time, with the goal of increasing both speed and power
What is compensatory acceleration training(CAT)?
Weight lifting technique used to develop explosive strength whereby you accelerate the bar as leverage improves through the movement
