Biomechanics of Exercise Flashcards
Define biomechanics.
The physical study of movement
What is stability?
The ability to maintain a balanced state
What is force?
The interaction that creates work, action, or physical change
What is magnitude?
How much force is applied to the dumbbells, barbells, or machine handles
What is direction?
The way in which the force is applied
What is the point of application?
Where the force is applied on the body or implement being used
What is the line of action (Line of force)?
An imaginary straight line drawn from the point of application of force through the direction of force
What is the angle of pull?
Angle at which a muscle pulls relative to the long axis of the bone on which it pulls
What is work?
Force x distance. Measured in foot-pounds and similar units
Example: lifting a 200-pound barbell 8 feet requires 1,600 foot-pounds of work
Define power.
The work done in a unit of time
What is Newton’s First Law?
An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion; unless acted upon by an outside force
What is inertia?
Tendency for an object to remain in its current state( in motion or at rest)
What are the two types of inertia?
- Resting inertia
2. Moving inertia
What is resting inertia?
An object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an outside force
What is moving inertia?
An object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside force
What is range of motion(ROM)?
The movement of a joint from full flexion to full extension
What is Newton’s Second Law?
In order to create a force, you must place a mass into motion with acceleration and a change in velocity
What is mass?
A body of coherent matter
What is acceleration?
The rate of change of velocity per unit of time
What is velocity?
The speed of something in a given direction
What is momentum?
The quantity of motion of a moving body, measured as a product of its mass and velocity.
What is the formula for finding Force?
Force = Mass x Acceleration
Gravity exhibits an acceleration of approximately ____ grey per second squared.
32.2
What is Newton’s Third Law?
Objects in contact exert equal and opposite forces on each other
What is a lever?
Rigid bar that turns about an axis of rotation or a fulcrum
What is a fulcrum?
Point on which a lever rests or is supported and on which it pivots
Describe a first-class lever?
Fulcrum in the middle, the effort is applied on one side of the fulcrum and the resistance on the other
What is a second-class lever?
A lever in which the load lies between the fulcrum and the effort
What is a third-class lever?
A lever in which the effort is placed between the fulcrum and the load
What is torque?
The magnitude of twist around an axis of rotation (fulcrum)
What is gravity?
The downward pulling force that creates resistance
What is the center of gravity?
Point in the body around which your weight is equally distributed
What is line of gravity?
Vertical line straight down from the center of gravity
What is kinesthesis?
The ability to perceive your position and movement of the body or body limbs in space
What is a visual reference point?
A chosen point of focus to aid in stability and balance
