STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION

Question 1

Total absence of viable microorganisms as assessed by no growth on any medium

Answer 1

Sterility

Question 2

Kills bacteria

Answer 2

Bactericidal

Question 3

Inhibits growth of bacteria

Answer 3

Bacteriostatic

Question 4

Removal or killing of all microorganisms; process to achieve sterility

Answer 4

Sterilization

Question 5

Removal or killing of disease-causing microorganisms (inanimate objects)

Answer 5

Disinfection

Question 6

Any procedure that inhibits the growth and multiplication of microorganisms

Answer 6

Antisepsis

Question 7

mechanism of moist heat sterilization/disinfection:

Answer 7

coagulates proteins

Question 8

100C for 15-30 minutes; kills all vegetative organisms but not all spores or viruses

Answer 8

Boiling

Question 9

Alternate heating (kills vegetative cells), incubation (spores germinate), heating (kills remaining vegetative cells)

Answer 9

Fractionation

Question 10

Fractionation method; Flowing steam for 30 minutes on 3 successive days

Answer 10

Tyndallization

Question 11

Fractionation method; 75-80C for 2 hours on 3 successive days

Answer 11

Inspissation

Question 12

Uses steam under pressure; this is the most effective method of sterilization; kills all organisms including viruses and spores

Answer 12

Autoclaving

Question 13

Autoclaving process:

Answer 13

121C at 15 pounds pressure for 15-30 minutes

Question 14

In autoclaving, pressure is used to ________.

Answer 14

raise the temperature

Question 15

what kills the bacteria in autoclaving?

Answer 15

temperature

Question 16

Quality control of autoclaving:

Answer 16

spores of Bacillus stearrothermophilus incubated at 56C

Question 17

Recommended for milk and dairy products

Answer 17

Pasteurization

Question 18

Pasteurization batch:

Answer 18

Low-temperature holding (63 deg. celsius for 30 minutes)

Question 19

Pasteurization Flash:

Answer 19

High-temperature short time at 72 deg. celsius for 15 seconds

Question 20

Kills microorganisms by oxidation

Answer 20

Dry heat

Question 21

Oven temperature and duration for killing microorganisms:

Answer 21

160 - 180 deg. celsius for 1-2 hours

Question 22

Used for materials that cannot be autoclaved (rubber goods, plastic tubes, etc.); Strict requirements of concentration, humidity

Answer 22

Ethylene oxide gas (cold sterilization)

Question 23

Quality control for cold sterilization:

Answer 23

spores of Bacillus subtilis incubated at 35-37C

Question 24

Destroys vegetative forms on inanimate objects (microbicidal)

Answer 24

Disinfectant

Question 25

A disinfectant that is safe for delicate lensed instruments; usually poor activity against Pseudomonas

Answer 25

2% aqueous glutaraldehyde

Question 26

A diphenyl cationic analog that is a useful topical disinfectant; can also be antiseptic

Answer 26

Chlorhexidine

Question 27

Endpoint of phenol coefficient:

Answer 27

The lowest concentration that kills test organisms in 10 minutes at 20C

Question 28

test organisms of phenol coefficient:

Answer 28

Salmonella typhi
Staphylococcus aureus

Question 29

agent used on living tissue:

Answer 29

Antiseptic

Question 30

Why is 70% alcohol more effective than 95%?

Answer 30

because water is necessary for protein denaturation

Question 31

major form of alcohol used in hospitals:

Answer 31

Isopropyl alcohol

Question 32

Mixture of tincture:

Answer 32

alcohol + iodine

Question 33

Mixture of iodophor:

Answer 33

detergent + iodine

Question 34

BIOLOGIC INDICATORS:

Autoclave:

Answer 34

Bacillus stearothermophilus

Question 35

BIOLOGIC INDICATORS:

Ionizing radiation:

Answer 35

Bacillus pumilus

Question 36

BIOLOGIC INDICATORS:

Dry heat oven:

Answer 36

Bacillus subtilis var niger

Question 37

BIOLOGIC INDICATORS:

Ethylene oxide:

Answer 37

Bacillus subtilis var globigii