STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION Flashcards
memorization
Total absence of viable microorganisms as assessed by no growth on any medium
Sterility
Kills bacteria
Bactericidal
Inhibits growth of bacteria
Bacteriostatic
Removal or killing of all microorganisms; process to achieve sterility
Sterilization
Removal or killing of disease-causing microorganisms (inanimate objects)
Disinfection
Any procedure that inhibits the growth and multiplication of microorganisms
Antisepsis
mechanism of moist heat sterilization/disinfection:
coagulates proteins
100C for 15-30 minutes; kills all vegetative organisms but not all spores or viruses
Boiling
Alternate heating (kills vegetative cells), incubation (spores germinate), heating (kills remaining vegetative cells)
Fractionation
Fractionation method; Flowing steam for 30 minutes on 3 successive days
Tyndallization
Fractionation method; 75-80C for 2 hours on 3 successive days
Inspissation
Uses steam under pressure; this is the most effective method of sterilization; kills all organisms including viruses and spores
Autoclaving
Autoclaving process:
121C at 15 pounds pressure for 15-30 minutes
In autoclaving, pressure is used to ________.
raise the temperature
what kills the bacteria in autoclaving?
temperature
Quality control of autoclaving:
spores of Bacillus stearrothermophilus incubated at 56C
Recommended for milk and dairy products
Pasteurization
Pasteurization batch:
Low-temperature holding (63 deg. celsius for 30 minutes)
Pasteurization Flash:
High-temperature short time at 72 deg. celsius for 15 seconds
Kills microorganisms by oxidation
Dry heat
Oven temperature and duration for killing microorganisms:
160 - 180 deg. celsius for 1-2 hours
Used for materials that cannot be autoclaved (rubber goods, plastic tubes, etc.); Strict requirements of concentration, humidity
Ethylene oxide gas (cold sterilization)
Quality control for cold sterilization:
spores of Bacillus subtilis incubated at 35-37C
Destroys vegetative forms on inanimate objects (microbicidal)
Disinfectant