MISCELLANEOUS BACTERIA (Spirochetes)

Question 1

Spirochete with hook-shaped ends found in water contaminated with animal urine (lives in rodents –> shed in urine)

Answer 1

Leptospira interrogans

Question 2

Disease caused by Leptospira interrogans:

Answer 2

Leptospirosis and Weil disease (ictohemorrhagic leptospirosis)

Note: Weil disease is a more severe form of leptospirosis

Question 3

Borrelia burgdorferi isa transmitted by _______.

Answer 3

Ixodes deer tick

Question 4

Borrelia burgdorferi causes _________, which has three (3) stages:

Answer 4

Lyme disease

Question 5

Three stages of Lyme disease:

Stage 1:

Answer 5

Stage 1 of Lyme disease: early localized
- Erythema migrans (“bull’s eye” rash) configuration is pathognomonic but not always present

Question 6

Three stages of Lyme disease:

Stage 2:

Answer 6

Stage 2 of Lyme disease: early dissiminated
- Facial nerve (Bell) palsy

Question 7

Three stages of Lyme disease:

Stage 3:

Answer 7

Stage 3 of Lyme disease: late disseminated
- Encephalopathies, chronic arthritis

Question 8

Other Borrelia spp. causes:

Answer 8

Relapsing/recurrent fever

Question 9

Causative agent of syphilis, which has at least three stages:

Answer 9

Treponema pallidum

Question 10

A painless genital ulcer most commonly formed during the primary stage of syphilis

Answer 10

Chancre

Question 11

Syphilis stage - gummas, aortitis, neurosyphilis

Answer 11

Tertiary syphilis