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CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY - BACTERIOLOGY (TopnotcherQT) > METHODS OF BACTERIAL IDENTIFICATION > Flashcards

METHODS OF BACTERIAL IDENTIFICATION Flashcards

memorization

1
Q

Hanging drop technique is a test for:

A

Motility

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2
Q

Used to detect Treponema pallidum in material from primary or secondary syphilitic lesions or other spirochetes such as Leptospira:

A

Darkfield microscope

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3
Q

Useful in unstained specimens:

A

Phase-contrast microscopy

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4
Q

The primary stain of gram stain:

A

Crystal violet

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5
Q

Duration of primary stain:

A

1 minute

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6
Q

Mordant of gram stain:

A

Gram’s iodine

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7
Q

Duration of the mordant:

A

1 minute

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8
Q

Decolorizer of gram stain:

A

Alcohol-acetone

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9
Q

Duration of decolorizer in gram stain:

A

Quick on and rinse

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10
Q

Secondary stain of gram stain:

A

Safranin

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11
Q

Duration o the secondary stain in gram stain:

A

30 seconds

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12
Q

Most critical step in gram staining:

A

Decolorizing

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13
Q

What is the purpose of mordant in gram staining?

A

Fixes the stain

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14
Q

A unique component in bacteria where Acid-fast stain binds to.

A

Mycolic acid in the cell wall

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15
Q

Hot method of acid-fast staining:

A

Ziehl-Neelsen

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16
Q

Cold method of acid-fast staining:

A

Kinyoun

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17
Q

Primary stain of AFP:

A

Carbol fuchsin

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18
Q

Mordant used in cold method AFP:

A

Phenol

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19
Q

Mordant used in Hot method AFP:

A

Heat

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20
Q

Decolorizer of AFP:

A

Acid-alcohol

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21
Q

Secondary stain of AFP:

A

Methylene blue or Malachite green

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22
Q

AFP smear size should be at-least like a thumb size or _____.

A

2 cm X 3 cm

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23
Q

Used to stain mycobacteria; binds to mycolic acid in the organism’s cell wall, staining the bacteria yellow to orange:

A

Rhodamine-auramine

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24
Q

Fluorochrome dye that stains both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, living or dead; Binds to the nucleic acid of the cell and fluoresces as a bright orange when a fluorescent microscope is used.

A

Acridine orange

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25
Q

Fluorochrome dye that binds to chitin in fungal cell walls. Fluoresces as a bright apple-green or blue-white, allowing visualization of fungal structures with a fluorescent microscope.

A

Calcofluor White

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26
Q

Traditionally has been used to stain C. diphtheria for observation of metachromatic granules; Also used as a counterstain in acid-fast staining procedures.

A

Methylene blue

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27
Q

Metachromatic granules observed in C. diphtheria when stain when stained with methylene blue:

A

Babes Ernst Granules

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28
Q

Negative stain used to visualize capsules surrounding certain yeasts such as Cryptococcus spp.

29
Q

The primary stain of Endospore stain:

A

Malachite green (heated to steaming for about 5 minutes|)

30
Q

Counter stain of Endospore stain:

31
Q

Endospores appear _______ within pink-appearing or red-appearing bacterial cells:

A

Endospores appear GREEN within pink-appearing or red-appearing bacterial cells

32
Q

Endospore stain is also known as:

A

Schaeffer-Fulton stain/ Wirtz-Conklin stain

33
Q

Use fluorescein-labeled antibodies from antisera produced by injecting animals with whole organisms or complex antigen mixtures.

A

Immunofluorescent antibody (IF) staining

34
Q

IF staining is most useful in confirming the presence of specific organisms such as _______ or _______ in colonies isolated on culture media.

A

Bordetella pertussis or
Legionella pneumophilia

35
Q

Contains no solidifying agent (Broth, Infusion, Milk)

A

Liquid culture media

36
Q

Semi-solid culture media contains ____% Agar; Red algae/Gelidium

A

Semi-solid agar: 0.5-1% Agar

37
Q

Solid Liquefiable culture media contains _____% Agar

38
Q

Non-liquifiable culture media:

A

Chopped meat (Anaerobe)
Rice grain (Fungi)

39
Q

__________ is recommended for organisms that cannot grow in cell-free media.

A

Tissue cell culture

40
Q

Mccoy cell culture comes from:

A

Mouse cell line

41
Q

Mccoy cell culture is used to isolate:

42
Q

Vero cell culture comes from:

A

African green monkey

43
Q

A549 cell culture comes from:

A

Lung carcinoma

44
Q

Hela cell culture comes from:

A

Cervical carcinoma

45
Q

Hep-2 cell culture comes from:

A

Laryngeal carcinoma

46
Q

Supports the growth of non-fastidious organisms.
ex: Nutrient agar or broth; trypticase soy agar or broth

A

Simple/General

47
Q

Select the growth of a particular organism and prevent other organisms through inhibitors.

A

Selective media

48
Q

Lowenstein Jensen media is a selective medium used to isolate:

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

49
Q

Phenylethyl alcohol media is a selective medium used to isolate:

A

Gram-positive microorganism

50
Q

Selective media used to isolate Neisseria gonorrhea

A

Thayer Martin
Martin Lewis
New york city

51
Q

Culture media that contains nutrient supplements.

52
Q

Blood agar plate is an enriched culture media that contains:

A

5% defibrinated Sheep blood (Horse/Rabbit)

Sheep blood is the most preferred!

53
Q

If human blood is used to make blood agar, what type of blood must be used?

A

Type O blood

54
Q

Can enhance the growth of microorganisms

A

Enrichment media

55
Q

Alkaline peptone water is an example of an enrichment media that used for:

56
Q

Allow certain types of organisms to grow and differentiate, and inhibit the growth of other organisms.

A

Selective-Differential

57
Q

Mannitol salt agar is a type of selective-differential media that is used for:

A

S. aureus and S. epidermidis/saprophyticus

  • S. aureus forms a yellow halo (red—>yellow) around the colony which indicates mannitol fermentation
  • Other Staph spp. can grow but remains red
58
Q

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salt is a type of selective-differential media that is used for:

A

Vibrio spp.

59
Q

Provides distinct colonial appearance of microorganisms to know their identification:

A

Differential media

60
Q

TSI (Triple Sugar Iron) contains 3 sugars. What are these 3 sugars?

A

Lactose
Glucose
Sucrose

61
Q

Green zone around colony. May be narrow or wide; Partial lysis of RBCs.

A

Alpha hemolysis

62
Q

Examples of alpha-hemolytic organisms:

A
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Viridans strep
  • Some enterococci
63
Q

Clear zone around colony. May be narrow or wide; Complete lysis of RBCs

A

Beta-hemolysis

64
Q

Examples of Beta-hemolytic organisms:

A
  • Group A strep (S. pyogenes)
  • Group B strep (S. agalactiae)
  • Listeria monocytogenes
65
Q

No zone of hemolysis; No lysis of RBCs:

A

Gamma (nonhemolytic)

65
Q

An organism characterized by its “double zone” hemolysis also known as target hemolysis:

A

Clostridium perfringens

  • C. perfringens causes Gas gangrene
66
Q

Alpha-prime (a’) or wide zone hemolysis is demonstrated by:

A

Viridans strep

67
Q

To read the hemolytic reaction on a blood agar plate, the plate must be held up to a light source and observed with the lighting ______________.

A

lighting coming from behind (transmitted light)

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY - BACTERIOLOGY (TopnotcherQT) (27 decks)

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