GRAM NEGATIVE (-) DIPLOCOCCI (Neisseria and Moraxella catarrhalis) Flashcards
memorization
Gram-negative, coffee-bean shaped diplococci with adjacent sides flattened
Neisseria
Transmission of N. gonorrhoeae:
- Sexual contact
- Infected mother to newborn during delivery
N. gonorrhoeae infects _______ in males and ________ in females
Males: purulent urethritis
Females: primarily cervicitis
Gonococcal infection of the eyes of infants:
Gonococcal opthalma neonatorum
Neisseria specie that colonizes nasopharynx of healthy people:
Neisseria meningitidis
Neisseria meningitidis is transmitted by:
Respiratory droplets
Severe disease caused by N. meningitidis (bacteria entered the blood stream)
Fulminant meningococcemia
DIC and circulatory collapse (Adrenal necrosis) caused by N. meningitidis:
Waterhouse-Friedrichsen syndrome
Patients that are prone to recurrent Neisseria meningitidis infection are deficient in:
C5-C9 (part of membrane attack complex)
Culture media incubation requirements for Gonococci and Meningococci:
incubate cultures in 5-10% CO2 (Capnophilic) and 50-70% humidity
Tests that differentiates Neisseria and Moraxella catarrhalis
DNase test
- M. catarrhalis (+)
- Neisseria (-)
H2S (Superoxol test)
- M. catarrhalis (-)
- N. meningitidis (-)
- N. gonorrohoeae (+)
Culture agar that encourages growth of both Haemophilus and Neisseria
Chocolate agar
Differentiates Neisseria species:
CTA (cystine trypticase agar)
For identification of N. gonorrhoeae in genitourinary specimens (preferred tests for these specimens); Excellent specificity and sensitivity in symptomatic, high-prevalence populations; PCR based; preferred test
NAAT (Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests)
Member of the normal microbiota in 40% to 50% of healthy school children
Moraxella catarrhalis
