Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY - BACTERIOLOGY (TopnotcherQT) > BACTERIAL VIRULENCE > Flashcards

BACTERIAL VIRULENCE Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Examples of virulence factors:

A
  1. Capsule
  2. Protein A
  3. IgA protease
  4. M protein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Found in the cell wall of S. aureus, inhibits phagocytosis by binding Fc portion of IgG; also inhibits compliment

A

Protein A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Enzymes that cleave IgA, allows colonization of mucosal surfaces

A

IgA protease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The following microorganisms produce IgA protease:

A
  1. S. pneumoniae
  2. H. influenzae
  3. Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  4. Neisseria meningitidis

Mnemonic: SHiNeNe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Found as a surface molecule of group A streptococcus, prevents phagocytosis:

A

M protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does M protein cause RHD/Rheumatic fever?

A

When a person is infected with group A strep which has the M protein, the body produces antibodies against the M protein, eventually eliminating the disease. While the antigens are gone, the antibodies against the M protein are still present, and these antibodies can go against TISSUE antigens (Tissue antigens have an M protein-like structure) which will then cause Rheumatic fever.

If the antibodies attack the tissue antigens in the heart valves, it will then cause Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A toxin found only in gram-negative (-) bacteria; component of outer membrane; Released only when bacteria die (not secreted); HEAT RESISTANT

A

Endotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Proteins synthesized and secreted by some bacteria; produced by some gram (+) and some gram (-) bacteria.

A

Exotoxin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Bacteria with exotoxin are HEAT-SENSITIVE except:

A

Staphylococcus enterotoxin (heat-resistant exotoxin producing bacteria)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Common effect of endotoxin:

A

Lowers Blood pressure - causes SHOCK (septic shock)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Has an endotoxin activity; Like LPS but with some structural differences (lacks O-antigen)

A

Lipooligosaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Lipooligosaccharide is found on:

A

Non-enteric gram negatives; Neisseria meningitidis is most important example

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

An organism that has the Diptheria toxin

A

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Exotoxin A is present in what microorganism?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Most common cause of nosocomial infection”

A

Pseudomonas aeruoginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Shiga toxin which cause shigellosis is present in:

A

ShigellaSHi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Shiga-like toxin is present in:

A

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli. (EHEC)

18
Q

EHEC typically causes:

A
  • “Bloody diarrhea”
  • Can also cause hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) when toxin reaches systemic circulation
19
Q

Classic serotype of EHEC

A

E. coli O157:H7

20
Q

The causative agent of “Traveler’s diarrhea” and “Watery diarrhea”

A

Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)

21
Q

Anthrax makes three (3) proteins. What are these proteins?

A
  1. protective antigen (PA)
  2. lethal factor (LF)
  3. edema factor (EF)
22
Q

Edema toxin is a combination of _____ and _____ anthrax proteins:

A

Protective antigen (PA) + Edema factor (EF)

23
Q

Lethal toxin is a combination of _____ and _____ anthrax proteins:

A

Protective antigen (PA) + Lethal factor (LF)

24
Q

Three types of anthrax diseases:

A
  1. Skin (most common) - Cutaneous anthrax
  2. Lungs (inhalation –> necrotizing pneumonia) - Inhalational anthrax
  3. GI (ulcers) - Gastrointestinal anthrax
25
Q

Most lethal anthrax disease:

A

Inhalational anthrax

26
Q

Organism that causes voluminous “rice-water” diarrhea

A

Vibrio cholerae

27
Q

Causes whooping cough disease:

A

Bordetella pertussis

28
Q

Exotoxin present in Clostridium tetani:

A

Tetanospasmin

29
Q

Organism that causes spastic muscle paralysis

A

Clostridium tetani

30
Q

Exotoxin present in Clostridium perfringens

A

Alpha toxin

31
Q

Organism that causes Gas gangrene:

A

Clostridium perfringens

32
Q

Organism that causes flaccid paralysis:

A

Clostridium botulinum

33
Q

Botulism in infants are caused by:

A

contaminated honey

34
Q

Botulism in adults are commonly caused by:

A

contaminated/expired canned goods

35
Q

Exotoxin present in Streptococcus pyogenes (group A strep):

A

Streptolysin O (SLO)

36
Q

Between SLO and SLS, which of them cannot cause the production of antibodies:

A

SLS (Streptolysin S)

  • SLO causes production of ASO (Anti-streptolysin O)
37
Q

Oxygen lablile streptolysin:
Oxygen stable streptolysin:

A

Oxygen labile: SLO (Streptolysin O)
Oxygen stable: SLS (Streptolysin S)

38
Q

Antigenic streptolysin antigen:

A

SLO (Streptolysin O)

39
Q

Activate a MASSIVE number of T-cells

A

Superantigens

40
Q

Superantigen present in S. aureus:

A

Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1)

41
Q

Superantigen present in S. pyogenes (group A strep)

A

Pyrogenic exotoxin A or C

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY - BACTERIOLOGY (TopnotcherQT) (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions