STD's (Exam 2) Flashcards
STI’s
Infectious diseases that spread through sexual contact with the penis, vagina, mouth, or sexual fluids from an infected person.
Complications of STI’s
Can be serious and include infertility and cancer
How STI’s are spread
Mucosal tissues in genitals - rectum - mouth
Spread through direct skin-to-skin contact
Can spread through blood products
-birth
-needles
Not spread through casual contact
Autoinoculation
Touching or scratching an infected area and transferring to another part of the SAME person
How common are STI’s in the US
very common (20 million new cases each year)
Having an STI increases risk for
Getting another or having multiple at same time
STI’s have an incubation period which can lead to
Asymptomatic spreading because the patient does not realize that they even have the disease
What are the three reportable sexual transmitted diseases?
Gonorrhea
Chlamydia
Syphilis
Incidence of STI can also increase with
Earlier reproductive maturity
Increased sexual life span
Greater sexual freedom
Inconsistent or incorrect use of barrier methods
Medias increased emphasis on sexuality without discussion of safer sex
Substance use
Risk factors related to incidence of STI’s
<25 years of age
Socially/economically disadvantaged
High risk behaviors:
-Alcohol drug use
-Multiple partners
-Inconsistent use of barrier
High Risk Medical History:
-History of STI
-Lack of vaccinations
-Multiple uses of PREP (hiv prophylaxis
MSM and transgender
Health Equity and STI
Black americans have highest number
Social and economical disadvantages lead to difficult addressing smaller problems
Fear and distrust of HCP’s
Difficult accessing quality health services
What is the best form of protection against STI’s
Male condom
(abstinence)
Why don’t we encourage abstinence?
We know it is unrealistic for most young people
Hormonal birth control or long active reversible contraceptives do not prevent STI’s
STI bacterial infections
Chlamydial
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
VIral Infections STI’s
Genital herpes (HSV)
Genital ways (HPV)
HIV
HEP B and HEP C
Molluscum
Parasitic STI infections
Trichomoniasis
