Exam 2 Review

Question 1

Metabolic Alkalosis Causes

Answer 1

-Taking excess baking soda

-Prolonged Vomiting

-NG tube

-Diuretics

Question 2

Metabolic Alkalosis Manifestations

Answer 2

-CNS excitability

-Tremors

-Muscle Cramps

-Resp depression

Question 3

Respiratory Alkalosis Causes

Answer 3

-Hyperventilation

-Fever/Sepsis

-Increase metabolic demands

-Medications

-Ventilator settings

Question 4

Respiratory Alkalosis Manifestations

Answer 4

-CNS Excitability

-Lightheaded

-Tachypnea

-Hyperactive reflexes

Question 5

Respiratory Acidosis Causes

Answer 5

-Cardiopulmonary arrest

-Head injury

-Sedatives / Narcotics

-COPD - PNA

-Pain

-Chest wall deformities

-Neuromuscular problems

Question 6

Respiratory Acidosis Manifestations

Answer 6

-CNS depression

-Hypoventilation

-Dyspnea

-Restless

-Arrhythmias

Question 7

Metabolic Acidosis Causes

Answer 7

-Renal failure

-Diabetes Type 1 (DKA)

-Lactic Acidosis

-Prolonged diarrhea

-Starvation

-Shock / cardiac arrest

Question 8

Metabolic Acidosis Manifestations

Answer 8

-CNS depression

-Hypotension

-Hyperkalemia

-Kussmaul respirations (DKA)

-Fruity Odor Breath (DKA)

Question 9

Why do we measure ABI?

Answer 9

We measure the ankle-brachial index (ABI) to assess for peripheral artery disease (PAD) by comparing blood pressure in the legs to that in the arms, helping to identify narrowed or blocked arteries and assess the severity of the condition.

Assess teh

Question 10

ABI is calculation

Answer 10

Highest reading in ankle trying to read

Divided by

High reading in either arm

Question 11

ABI criteria

Answer 11

Normal = 0.9-1.3

Occlusive = <0.9

Claudication = 0.4-0.9

Ulceration = <0.4

Question 12

Oxygen Toxicity Clinical Manifestations

Answer 12

Eyes
-Vision loss
-Near sightedness
-Cataract formation
-Bleeding

MSK:
Twitching

NVS:
Seizures

Respiratory:
-Jerky breathing
-Irritation
-Coughing
-SOB