CVA pt.1 (Exam 4) Flashcards
Types of Stroke
Ischemic
-thrombotic
-embolic
Hemorrhagic
-aneurysm
-arteriovenous malformation
-hypertension
Thrombotic Stroke
Account for over half of all strokes
Thrombotic stroke is high associated with
Atherosclerosis
Rupture plaque results in clot formation
Thrombotic stroke S/S
Evolve over minutes to hours
Embolic Stroke
Source of emboli is usually in heart
Hx- a-fib, heart valve disease, endocarditis
Second most common type of stroke
Embolic Stroke: S/S
Sudden development and rapid occurrence of neurologic deficit
What is the most common type of stroke?
Thrombotic stroke
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Vessel integrity is interrupted and bleeding occurs
Common Hemorrhagic Stroke Causes
Intracranial bleed
Aneurysm
Arteriovenous malformation
What is the most common cause of hemorrhagic stroke?
HTN
Hemorrhagic Stroke: S/S
Sudden onset
Progression over minutes to hours
Hemorrhagic Stroke Prognosis
Poor
Stroke: Modifiable Risk Factors
-HTN
-Heart Disease
-DM
-Smoking
-Obesity
-Sleep apnea
-Metabolic syndrome
-Lack of PA
-Poor diet
-Drug/alcohol use
Transient Ischemic Attack
A episode of neurological dysfunction caused by inchemia w/ not acute infarction of the brain
TIA: S/S
Last < 1 hour
TIA: No way to predict outcome
1/3 = wont have another
1/3 = have more
1/3 = progress to stroke
Clinical Manifestations of stroke are related to ______ of stroke; not whether it is _______ or ______
location
Ischemic
Hemorrhagic
Stroke: Clinical manifestations
Motor Function:
-Mobility
-Respiratory
-Swallowing / speech
-Gag reflex
-Self-care abilities
Akinesia (loss of voluntary movement) (video on canvas)
Changes in muscle tones (intial flaccid – then spastic)
Altered reflexes (initial non – then hyper)
Communication:
-Receptive aphasia (can not receive)
-Expressive aphasia (can not produce language)
-Global aphasia (total inability to communicate)
-Dysarthria (marbles in mouth) (garbled speech)
Affect:
-hard time controlling their emotions
Intellectual function:
-impaired memory and judgment
Spatial-Perceptual Problems
-Homonymous hemianopsia (blindness occurs in same half of visual fields of eyes)
-May not recognize their body parts
-Agnosia (loss of ability to identify objects using one or more senses)
-Apraxia (inability to perform learned movements on command, even though the common is familiar and there is willingness to perform the movement)
Elimination:
-Bowel and bladder issues are temporary
