Venous Disorders (Exam 2)

Question 1

What is the purpose of veins

Answer 1

To get the blood back to the heart

Question 2

Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Clinical Manifestation

Answer 2

Varicose veins

Lipodermatosclerosis (brown thick leathery skin)

Edema

eczema with itching and scratching

Question 3

Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Ulcer

Answer 3

Ulcer above medial malleolus

Painful and worse when dependent position

Lack of treatment = deeper and wider and increased infection

Question 4

Chronic Venous Insufficiency: Collaborative Care

Answer 4

Compression (SCUDS)

Avoid standing/sitting for long periods

elevate legs above level of heart

Daily walking program

Teach proper foot and leg care

High

Question 5

CVI: Diet

Answer 5

High calorie and high protein

Question 6

CVI: Static Compression Therapy

Answer 6

Graded compression from distal to proximal

Prescription: measure in morning (less swelling) (specialize in vascular disease)

TED hose (not adequate for CVI)

Question 7

CVI: Dynamic Compression Therapy

Answer 7

intermittent compression pumps / sleeves (SCUDS)

Question 8

Compression therapy is not recommend if patient currently has

Answer 8

VTE or thrombus

Question 9

Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)

Three things happen the result in VTE

Answer 9

1. Venous stasis
2. Endothelial damage
3. Blood Hypercoagulability

Question 10

Venous Stasis Risk Factors

Answer 10

Advanced age

Bedrest

HF

Fractured leg or hip

Long trip w/o exercise

Obesity

Pregnancy

Varicose veins

Question 11

Endothelial Damage Risk Factors

Answer 11

Caustic or Hypertonic IV drugs

Fractures

IVDA

Trauma

Question 12

Risk Factors for Hypercoagulability of Blood

Answer 12

Dehydrate or malnutrition

High altitudes

Oral contraceptive

Pregnancy

Cancer

Tobacco use

Question 13

How to prevent VTE

Answer 13

Target Modifiable Risk Factors

Question 14

VTE: Clinical Manifestations

Answer 14

Unilateral Leg Edema

Pain

Tender to palpate

Dilate veins

Sense of fullness in thigh or calf

Paresthesia

Warm and erythema

Temp >100.4

Pulmonary embolus

Question 15

VTE: Nursing Care

Answer 15

Early and aggressive mobilization or turn q 2 hours

Flex/extend feet/hips/knee q 2-24 (mimic skeletal muscle pump)

Anticoagulant therapy

Relevant patient teaching to minimize risks

Inferior vena cava interruption filters (Greenfield Filter)

Question 16

Vena Cava Filter

Answer 16

Surgical Procedure with cage put into inferior vena cava