Osteoporosis (Exam 3)

Question 1

Osteoporosis

Answer 1

Bone remodeling

Characterized by loss of bone density and subsequent fractures

Question 2

Osteoporosis: Is also termed

Answer 2

The silent disease

Question 3

What three areas does osteoporosis most impact?

Answer 3

Wrist - Hip - Vertebral Column

Question 4

Why are women more likely to have osteoporosis than men?

Answer 4

-Have lower calcium intake

-Have less bone mass/smaller frame

-Bone resorption begins sooner and accelerates @ menopause

-Have longer longevity

Question 5

Osteoporosis: Risk Factors

Answer 5

-Family History

-Low body weight

-Use of corticosteroids > 3 months

-Advanced age (hormonal)

-Diet low in calcium

-Inadequate physical activity (WEIGHT BEARING)

-Smoking and Alcohol

Question 6

Osteoporosis: Compression Fracture

Answer 6

Break in vertebral body of bone due to loss of bone mass; consequently back pain

Question 7

Anatomy of Vertebrae

Answer 7

Cervical = 7 (moveable)

Thoracic = 12 (ribs attach)

Lumbar = 5 (moveable)

Sacral = 5 (fused)

Coccyx = 4 (fused)

Question 8

Back issue more often arise in what vertebrae? And why?

Answer 8

cervical and lumbar r/t them being more moveable

Question 9

Osteoporosis: Clinical Manfestations

Answer 9

Progressive vertebral deformities

Question 10

osteoporosis: Collaborative Management

Answer 10

Prevention!!!!!!

Adequate calcium intake

Calcium supplements

Question 11

Calcium intake

Answer 11

1000 mg for premenopausal and postmenopausal taking estrogen

1500 mg for post-menopausal not taking estrogen

Question 12

Calcium supplements

Answer 12

Take w/ food: chewable preferred

Difficult to absorb in single doses

Question 13

Two most common calcium supplements

Answer 13

Carbonate

Citrate

Question 14

When taking calcium what is also needed?

Answer 14

800-1000 UI daily of Vitamin D + diet supplementation

Question 15

Osteoporosis: Management / Prevention

Answer 15

LOAD BEARING exercise

30 min 3x per week

Avoid tobacco and excessive alcohol

Corset to prevent vertebral collapse

Question 16

Osteoporosis: Drug Therapy

Answer 16

Bisphosphonates (inhibit osteoclast)
-alendronate
-ibandronate

Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)
-raloxifene

Question 17

Bisphosphonate: NSG consideration

Answer 17

Take w/ full glass of water

Take 30 min before food / other meds

Remain upright x 30 minutes (esophegeal scaring)

Question 18

Selective estrogen receptor modulator: MOA

Answer 18

Mimic estrogen effects on bone by reducing bone resorption w/o stimulating breast / uterus