Sinus Dysrhythmias (Exam 2)

Question 1

Sinus dysrhythmias

Answer 1

Normal sinus rhythm

Sinus arrhythmia

Sinus bradycardia

Sinus tachycardia

Question 2

Normal Sinus Cardiac Rhythms

Answer 2

Normal Sinus Rhythm

Sinus arrhythmia

Question 3

Normal Sinus Rhythm

Answer 3

SA node fires 60 -100 bpm

RR = Regular (Spaced Even)

Question 4

Sinus Arrhythmias Results from

Answer 4

changes in intrathoracic pressure w/ breathing

is normal phenomenon; seen in young healthy people

Question 5

Sinus Arrhythmia

Answer 5

SA node fires 60-100 bpm

RR = Not regular (spaced even)

Question 6

Sinus Bradycardia

Answer 6

SA node fire <60 bpm

Question 7

Causes bradycardia: Excessive vagal stimulation (parasympathomimetic)

Answer 7

Excessive vagal stimulation (parasympathomimetic)
-Carotid Sinus Massage
-Vomiting / gagging
-Valsalva maneuver
-Eyeball pressure
-Administration of parasympathomimetic drugs

Digitoxin toxicity

Hypokalemia (slow depolarization

Myocardial infarction

Question 8

What will a patient look like in Sinus Bradycardia?

Answer 8

-May be asymptomatic

-Key features in previous slide deck

Question 9

How do we treat sinus bradycardia?

Answer 9

If symptomatic:

-IV atropine (vagolytic; blocking the vagus nerve)

-Transcutaneous (through skin) pacing of heart – then permanent pacemaker if it continuous

Question 10

How do we give Atropine

Answer 10

1mg every 3-5 minutes

3 mg MAX

Question 11

Sinus Tachycardia

Answer 11

SA node rate = > 100 bpm

Question 12

What causes Sinus Tachycardia?

Answer 12

Physical activity

Anxiety

Pain

Stress

Fever

Anemia (compensate)

Hypoxia (compensate)

Compensatory mechanism for decrease in BP

Question 13

What will patient with sinus tachycardia look like?

Answer 13

Can be asymptomatic

See key features in previous deck

Question 14

How do we treat sinus tachycardia?

Answer 14

Determined by underlying cause:

Fluid replacement
Analgesic
Antipyretic
Anxiolytic

B-adrenergic blockers to reduce HR and myocardial oxygen consumption