STB&S - Socialisation and Sport

Question 1

Socialisation? (Eitzen and Sage, 1987)

Answer 1

The process of learning and adapting to a given social system.

Question 2

Socialisation? (Craig, 2016)

Answer 2

The ongoing process whereby individuals learn and/or are taught to conform to the existing systems of norms and values.

Question 3

What does ‘nature’ argue in relation to socialisation?

Answer 3

Internal characteristics most influence behaviour.

Question 4

What does ‘nurture’ argue in relation to socialisation?

Answer 4

External factors (environment, people etc.) most influence behaviour.

Question 5

What do sociologists lean more towards, nature or nurture?

Answer 5

Nurture.

Question 6

How are we all being socialised?

Answer 6

By interacting with other people.

Question 7

What do we learn from those around us in relation to socialisation?

Answer 7

How to become an accepted member of society & what is valued.

Question 8

How long does the socialisation process occur for?

Answer 8

Socialisation is a life-long process.

Question 9

(Kenyon & McPherson, 1973; Sewell, 1963) Social systems approach - Which 3 main elements contribute to socialisation?

Answer 9

1. ) Significant others.
2. ) Socialising agencies/cultures.
3. ) Personal attributes.

Question 10

What is the social systems element of ‘significant others’?

Answer 10

Important people who influence the attitude and behaviour of the individual.

Question 11

What is the social systems element of ‘socialising agencies or cultures’?

Answer 11

Socialisation situations.

Question 12

What is the social systems element of ‘personal attributes’?

Answer 12

Relevant personal characteristics of individuals.

Question 13

Primary socialisation?

Answer 13

First experiences with language, values, beliefs, behaviours, and norms of your society as a child.

Question 14

Secondary socialisation?

Answer 14

Socialisation outside of the home in wider society (e.g. school, media, peers and sport).

Question 15

3 related aspects of the socialisation process when examining socialisation and sport?

Answer 15

1. ) Socialisation into sport.
2. ) Socialisation through sport.
3. ) Socialisation out of sport.

Question 16

What is the ‘socialisation into sport’ aspect when examining socialisation and sport?

Answer 16

The factors that influence the ways we become involved in sport.

Question 17

What is the ‘socialisation through sport’ aspect when examining socialisation and sport?

Answer 17

How involvement in sport influences participants and others.

Question 18

What is the ‘socialisation out of sport’ aspect when examining socialisation and sport?

Answer 18

How we leave involvement in sport.

Question 19

(Stroot, 2002) When does socialisation into sport never happen?

Answer 19

In isolation from the rest of society.

Question 20

(Stroot, 2002) What is sport a social representation of?

Answer 20

Historical, social and cultural forces.

Question 21

Following social learning theory (Bandura, 1977) what will individuals do in order to fit into a group?

Answer 21

Adjust their behaviour.

Question 22

(Delaney & Madigan, 2015) When is socialisation into sport most effective?

Answer 22

When it begins in early childhood.

Question 23

(Delaney & Madigan, 2015) How do some parents try to ‘force socialise’ a child into sport?

Answer 23

By having them wear team/sport clothing.

Question 24

(Delaney & Madigan, 2015) What are older family members who are interested in sport likely to do? Why?

Answer 24

Socialise younger members into sport due to perceived positive attributes of sport.

Question 25

What did Curtis et al. (1999) state about the positive/negative consequences of sport?

Answer 25

There are more positive consequences than negative consequences.

Question 26

What are examples of percieved positive attributes of sport?

Answer 26

Sport is a healthy form of exercise.
Sport builds character.
Builds positive relationships.
Commitment & dedication.

Question 27

What do we quickly learn, adapt and adopt once ‘in’ sport?

Answer 27

A set of behaviours and attitudes in order to conform.

Question 28

Examples of how/why we conform once in sport?

Answer 28

Abiding by team/coach rules.
Sanctions.
Training.
Kit.
Diet.
Attendance.
Team responsibilities.
Discipline.
Attitude.
Work ethic.

Question 29

(Craig, 2016) Sport socialisation?

Answer 29

A process that, through an individual’s involvement in sport, teaches and reinforces the knowledge, values and norms which are essential to participate in social life.

Question 30

What greatly enhances/inhibits access to sport?

Answer 30

Differing social factors.

Question 31

Opportunities to participate in sport will be similar to what unless intervention occurs? What does this perpetuate?

Answer 31

Parents/family.

Perpetuates unequal access.

Question 32

Examples of differing social factors which greatly enhance/inhibit access to sport?

Answer 32

Gender.
Masculine v Feminine.
Fathers v Mothers.
Working class v Middle class v Upper class.
Race, ethnicity and faith.
Popular culture v Tradition.

Question 33

An important part of socialisation through sport is the accepted bond between teammates which incorporates what 3 things?

Answer 33

1. ) Commitment to group goals.
2. ) Accepted common attitudes and perceptions.
3. ) Unquestioned loyalty.