STB&S - Socialisation and Sport Flashcards
Socialisation? (Eitzen and Sage, 1987)
The process of learning and adapting to a given social system.
Socialisation? (Craig, 2016)
The ongoing process whereby individuals learn and/or are taught to conform to the existing systems of norms and values.
What does ‘nature’ argue in relation to socialisation?
Internal characteristics most influence behaviour.
What does ‘nurture’ argue in relation to socialisation?
External factors (environment, people etc.) most influence behaviour.
What do sociologists lean more towards, nature or nurture?
Nurture.
How are we all being socialised?
By interacting with other people.
What do we learn from those around us in relation to socialisation?
How to become an accepted member of society & what is valued.
How long does the socialisation process occur for?
Socialisation is a life-long process.
(Kenyon & McPherson, 1973; Sewell, 1963) Social systems approach - Which 3 main elements contribute to socialisation?
- ) Significant others.
- ) Socialising agencies/cultures.
- ) Personal attributes.
What is the social systems element of ‘significant others’?
Important people who influence the attitude and behaviour of the individual.
What is the social systems element of ‘socialising agencies or cultures’?
Socialisation situations.
What is the social systems element of ‘personal attributes’?
Relevant personal characteristics of individuals.
Primary socialisation?
First experiences with language, values, beliefs, behaviours, and norms of your society as a child.
Secondary socialisation?
Socialisation outside of the home in wider society (e.g. school, media, peers and sport).
3 related aspects of the socialisation process when examining socialisation and sport?
- ) Socialisation into sport.
- ) Socialisation through sport.
- ) Socialisation out of sport.
What is the ‘socialisation into sport’ aspect when examining socialisation and sport?
The factors that influence the ways we become involved in sport.
What is the ‘socialisation through sport’ aspect when examining socialisation and sport?
How involvement in sport influences participants and others.
What is the ‘socialisation out of sport’ aspect when examining socialisation and sport?
How we leave involvement in sport.
(Stroot, 2002) When does socialisation into sport never happen?
In isolation from the rest of society.
(Stroot, 2002) What is sport a social representation of?
Historical, social and cultural forces.
Following social learning theory (Bandura, 1977) what will individuals do in order to fit into a group?
Adjust their behaviour.
(Delaney & Madigan, 2015) When is socialisation into sport most effective?
When it begins in early childhood.
(Delaney & Madigan, 2015) How do some parents try to ‘force socialise’ a child into sport?
By having them wear team/sport clothing.
(Delaney & Madigan, 2015) What are older family members who are interested in sport likely to do? Why?
Socialise younger members into sport due to perceived positive attributes of sport.
What did Curtis et al. (1999) state about the positive/negative consequences of sport?
There are more positive consequences than negative consequences.
What are examples of percieved positive attributes of sport?
Sport is a healthy form of exercise.
Sport builds character.
Builds positive relationships.
Commitment & dedication.
What do we quickly learn, adapt and adopt once ‘in’ sport?
A set of behaviours and attitudes in order to conform.
Examples of how/why we conform once in sport?
Abiding by team/coach rules. Sanctions. Training. Kit. Diet. Attendance. Team responsibilities. Discipline. Attitude. Work ethic.
(Craig, 2016) Sport socialisation?
A process that, through an individual’s involvement in sport, teaches and reinforces the knowledge, values and norms which are essential to participate in social life.
What greatly enhances/inhibits access to sport?
Differing social factors.
Opportunities to participate in sport will be similar to what unless intervention occurs? What does this perpetuate?
Parents/family.
Perpetuates unequal access.
Examples of differing social factors which greatly enhance/inhibit access to sport?
Gender. Masculine v Feminine. Fathers v Mothers. Working class v Middle class v Upper class. Race, ethnicity and faith. Popular culture v Tradition.
An important part of socialisation through sport is the accepted bond between teammates which incorporates what 3 things?
- ) Commitment to group goals.
- ) Accepted common attitudes and perceptions.
- ) Unquestioned loyalty.