Physiology - Measurement of Anaerobic Performance Flashcards
The higher the power the…?
The higher the power the higher the sprint/swim velocity.
A 0.3-1% difference in athletic performance could be what? (Hopkins, 2004; Anderson et al., 2008)
Competitively significant.
Through what methods can we measure anaerobic metabolism directly?
Muscle biopsy.
MRI.
Through what methods can we measure anaerobic metabolism indirectly?
Blood lactate.
Performance tests.
Advantages of direct measurements of anaerobic metabolism such as a muscle biopsy or a MRI scan?
They’re informative.
Disadvantages of direct measurements of anaerobic metabolism such as a muscle biopsy or a MRI scan?
Invasive.
Expensive.
Require time, expertise and lab practice.
Advantages of indirect measurements of anaerobic metabolism such as blood lactate and performance tests?
Can be done more easily than direct methods.
Don’t need much expertise.
Performance tests apply more to the field of performance for an athlete.
Work formula?
Power x Time.
When is peak power usually attained during a Wingate anaerobic test?
Between 1-3 secs.
What do you look at in a wingate anaerobic test?
Peak power production.
Mean power average production.
End power production.
Over a 30 sec test.
What does the difference between the peak power and end power determine?
The fatigue index.
Examples of muscular strength and power measures?
Sprint test. Wingate test. Isokinetic dynamometer (for MVC). X rep max. Grip strength. Vertical/Broad jump. Sprint speed. Sit-ups per min.
Muscular strength definition?
The maximal force that a muscle or muscle group can generate.
Disadvantages of assessing muscular strength via 1RM?
Technique dependent.
Many safety considerations.
Tends to only be used by elite performers.
What is a safer alternative to a 1RM test when assessing strength?
5 or 10 RM.
Advantages of assessing strength via a handgrip dynamometer?
Easy, quick, cheap.
Good way of assessing natural strength of lesser trained muscles.
What does a handgrip dynamometer measure?
Maximal voluntary contraction (concentric).
What can muscular strength be assessed by?
1RM.
Handgrip dynamometer.
Isometric strength dynamometer.
Isokinetic dynamometer.
What is the isometric strength dynamometer typically of?
Knee extensor.
What can the isometric strength dynamometer be used to determine other than muscular strength? How?
Muscular endurance and fatigue by performing single or multiple contractions at timed intervals e.g. 3-5 secs.
What does isometric strength dynamometer allow you to look at?
The ‘drop off’ in force output.
What does the isokinetic dynamometer assess?
Static strength and dynamic strength at various speeds and angles of motion.
What is power?
The combination of strength and speed.
Ways that power can be assessed?
Sprint time. Seated medicine ball throw. Standing broad jump. Vertical jump test. Bangsbo repeated sprint test (7 x 35m). Non-motorised sprint treadmill. Isokinetic dynamometer. Wingate test.
2 types of tests to assess state of fitness?
- ) Field test.
2. ) Laboratory test.
What is a field test used for?
To assess sport-specific ability that is performed away form the lab and does not require extensive training, cost or specialist equipment.
What is a laboratory test used for?
To assess ability that is performed in the laboratory and requires extensive training and specialist/expensive equipment.
Characteristics of field testing?
Used for large groups.
Minimal equipment.
Low cost.
Replicates environment.
Characteristics of laboratory testing?
Used for individual testing. Sophisticated equipment. Skilled technicians. More control. Greater time demand. Greater cost.
2 considerations when choosing a test?
Validity.
Reliability.
Internal validity?
Evidence that a study’s design reflects what is observed.
External validity?
The degree to which the conclusions in a study would hold for other persons in other places and other times.
