Biomechanics Test - T1 Flashcards
The primary focus of sport and exercise biomechanics?
To improve performance and reduce the risk of injury.
The study of the time and space characteristics of movement is called what?
Kinematics.
The hip is proximal to the…
The shoulder is superior to the…
The triceps are posterior to the…
Knee.
Hip.
Biceps.
3 examples of sagittal plane movement?
Flexion.
Hyperextension.
Plantar flexion.
During the preparatory phase of a softball pitch, the hand holding the ball is drawn behind the body prior to the forward swing of the arm. When the hand is drawn back, which movement occurs at the shoulder?
Hyperextension.
What does inferior mean?
Further from the head.
Which plane is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis?
Transverse.
When cycling forward in a straight line, the knee is rotating about what axis?
Mediolateral.
A person uses their right hand to turn a door-knob clockwise. What movement does this involve?
Supination at the wrist.
Which plane does a running motion primarily occur at?
Sagittal.
Distal?
Situated away from the centre of the body or from the point of attachment.
Proximal?
Situated nearer to the centre of the body or the point of attachment.
Superior?
Toward the head end of the body.
Moving an arm (positioned laterally straight out to the side at shoulder height) back to the midline is called what?
Adduction.
The humerus is an example of what classification of bone?
Long bone.
Epicondyle?
Anatomical term for a bony projection.
How many distinct bones are in the spine including the sacrum and coccyx?
26.
How many cervical bones are there including the atlas and axis?
7.
How many vertebrae are there?
33.
How many vertebrae are in the sacrum?
5.
How many vertebrae are in the coccyx?
4.
How many thoracic vertebrae are there?
12.
What is the shoulder girdle made up of?
The clavicle and scapula.
Which bone category best describes a lumbar vertebra?
Irregular.
Condyle?
The round prominence at the end of a bone.
What is an example of inversion in relation to feet?
Turning the sole of the foot inwards.
What is the name of the bone which is in the anterior mid line of the thoracic cage?
The sternum.
Metacarpal bones?
The bones situated around the palm area.
Ulna?
Long bone in the forearm that stretches from the elbow to the smallest finger.
Fibula?
The smaller of the two bones in the lower leg, located on the outside.
Tibia?
The larger of the two bones in the lower leg, located on the inside.
Radius?
Long bone in the forearm that stretches from the elbow to the thumb.
Phalanges?
Make up the bones in the toes and hands.
Femur?
Thigh bone.
Humerus?
Bone of the upper arm.
Fossa?
A shallow depression.
Where in the body is the olecranon process?
The elbow.
Metatarsals?
The five long bones in the foot.
Calcaneus?
The large bone forming the heel.
Mandible?
Lower jaw/Jawbone.
Sacrum?
Large triangular base of the spine that is situated between the two wings of the pelvis.
Coccyx?
Tailbone of the spine/sacrum.
Kyphosis?
Excessive curvature in the thoracic (upper) region of the spine.
Scoliosis?
An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Which bone permits you to ‘nod’ your head to signify yes?
The atlas.
How many phalanges are within the human skeleton?
56.
Crest?
Prominent ridge or elongated projection.
Foramen?
Opening through which blood vessels, nerves or ligaments pass.
Tuberosity?
Large, rounded, usually roughened projection.
Where is the greater trochanter of the femur located?
Neck of the femur and lateral to the hip joint.
The inferior angle, the medial border, the lateral border, and the spine are all body landmarks associated with which bone?
Scapula.
Two distinguishing features of the lumbar vertebrae are?
- ) Large body
2. ) Broad spinous process
Spinous process?
Bony projection off the posterior of each vertebra.
What feature / landmark can be palpated at the lateral end of the clavicle?
Acromioclavicular joint.
Acromioclavicular joint?
Where the end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula.
When palpating the thoracic vertebrae, the most posterior bony landmark that one is able to palpate is called?
Spinous process.
Where in the body is the coracoid process located?
Scapula.
Where in the body is the xiphoid process?
The middle of the sternum.
Which one of the tarsal bones sits on top of (superior to) the calcaneus?
Talus.
