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Boards- Anatomy > Spinal Cord Review > Flashcards

Spinal Cord Review Flashcards

1
Q

What is neural tube formation affected by

A

folic acid in the 1st trimester

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2
Q

what is the neural tube derived from

A

ectoderm

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3
Q

how does the spinal cord start and at what week

A

starts distal to the 4th pair of somites in the 3rd week of gestation

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4
Q

At what week does the neural tube close

A

4th week of gestation

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5
Q

how long is the spinal cord (start + finish)

A

begins at foramen magnum and ends at L1/2

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6
Q

Where is the regional enlargement of the spinal cord

A

cervical (c6) and at lumbosacral regions

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7
Q

what is the 3 coverings of the spinal cord from outside to inside

A

outer- dura mater
middle- arachnoid with subarachnoid under w CSF
inner- pia mater with hilum terminal and two dentate ligs which anchor the spinal cord to spinal dura

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8
Q

where does the dural sac end

A

@S2

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9
Q

What coverings of t psinal cord extend along with the spinal nerves

A

dura and arachnoid extend along the spinal nerves as they pass thru the IVF

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10
Q

what do the posterior section of the the spinal cord carry up (what type of info)

A

vibration, fine touch and jt pos sense

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11
Q

Fasicculus gracilis vs fasicculus cunateus

A

gracilis lower limb
cunateus upper limb

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12
Q

what does the spinocerebellar path carry

A

unconscious proprioception

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13
Q

what does the spinothalamic path carry

A

pain, temp, crude touch and pressure

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14
Q

Fasicuculs gracilis/ cunatus- 1st order neutron, 2nd order, decision,3rd order

A

vibration, fine touch, jt pos sense

2nd- nuclei gracilis and cuneatus

decussion- medulla

3rd- VPL nucleus of thalamus

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15
Q

Spinothalamic- 1st, 2nd, decussion, 3rd order neutrons

A

1- temp, crude touch, pressure

2- lamina 1/2

decussion- spinal cord

3- VPL nucleus of thalmus

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16
Q

Dorsal spinocerebeller- 1st, 2nd, decussion, 3rd order neutron

A
  1. unconscious prop from lower limb

2- clarkes nucleus

  1. DOES NOT CROSS
  2. cerebellum via inf cerebeller peduncle
17
Q

Ventral spinocerebeller- 1st, 2nd, decussion, 3rd order

A

1- unconscious prop from both lower + upper limb

2- lamina 7

decussion- twice- first at spinal cord then again at pons (stays ipsilat)

3rd- cerebellum via sup cerebellar peduncle

18
Q

Lateral corticospinal- function, 1st, decussion, 2nd order

A

fun- voluntary control of mm in limbs

1st- precentral gyrus

dec- medulla

2nd- lamina 4-9

19
Q

Ventral corticospinal- function, 1st, dec, 2nd order

A

voluntary control of mm in head, neck and trunk

1- precentral gyrus

dec- spinal cord at level of exit

2- lamina 6-9

20
Q

RUbrospinal function, 1, dec, 2nd

A

eis prox flexprs and inhibits extensors mainly in Upper limb

1- red nucleus

dec- midbrain

2- lamina 5-8

21
Q

Reticulospinal - function, 1, dec, 2

A

restricts voluntary mvmts thru gamma motor neuorns

1- reticular formaton

dec- various levels

2- lamina 8

22
Q

Tectospinal- function, 1st, dec, 2nd

A

function- head and eye turning in response to light and sound

1st- tectum of midbrain

dec- midbrain

2nd- lamina 6-8

23
Q

Vestibulospinal- function, 1st, decussion, 2nd

A

involved in postural reflexes (neck, extensors)

1- vestibular nuclei

dec- uncrossed

2- lamina 6-8

24
Q

where is the intermediallateral horn found in the spinal cord

A

T6-L1- represents region that carries sympathetic fibres

25
Q

what does the lamina 1 carry

A

contains neurone which synapse with the first order neurone and sends axons to CL spinothalmic tracts

26
Q

What is found in high concentrations in lamina I, II

A

Substance P, a neuropeptide involved in pain sensibility

27
Q

What is laminae 3 and 4 + what does it carry

A

nucleus proprius

-main input is from fibres that carry mechanoreception and light touch

28
Q

What does lamina VI receive

A

receives mechanical signals from skin and joints

29
Q

what is laminae VII and what does it carry

A

dorsal nucleus of clarke
-carry unconscious proprioception

30
Q

Laminae VIII and IX represents what

A

motor neurone groups in the ventral horn

31
Q

what is the blood supply of the spinal cord from

A

segmental spinal arteries that give rise to radicular and segmental medullary arteries

32
Q

what does the segmental medullary artery give rise to and what do they supply

A

single ant spinal (supplies ant 2/3 of spinal cord)

Two post spinal (supply post 1/3 of spinal cord)

33
Q

UMN- reflexes, tone, atrophy, fasciculation’s, Babinski

A

reflexes- increased w clonus
tone- spastic
atrophy- absent
fasciculation’s- absent
babinski- presnet

34
Q

LMN lesion- reflexes, tone, atrophy, fasiculations, babinski

A

reflexes- decreased/absent
tone- Flaccid
Atrophy- presnent
Fasiculatins- present
Babinski- absent

Boards- Anatomy (22 decks)

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