General anatomy- Endocrine anatomy

Question 1

where is the pituitary gland located

Answer 1

sella turcica found within the sphenoid bone

Question 2

what does the anterior lobe produce (6)

Answer 2

FSH
LH
Adrenocorticotropin hormone
TSH
Prolactin
Growth hormone

Question 3

which anterior lobe hormone is not influenced by releasing factors from the hypothalmus

Answer 3

Prolactin- influenced by prolactin inhibiting factor which is dopamine

Question 4

the posterior lobe stores which hormones

Answer 4

Oxytocin (produced by paraventricular nuclei), Antidiuretic hormone (produced by supraoptic nuclei)

Question 5

What aa is the pituitary gland supplied by

Answer 5

Superior and inferior hypophyseal arteries from internal carotid

Question 6

which arteries supply the thyroid gland (3)

Answer 6

• superior thryroid aa (from ext carotid)
• Inf thryroid aa (thyrocervical trunk)
• Thyroidea ima

Question 7

venous drainage of the thyroid

Answer 7

superior, middle and inf thyroid veins

Question 8

what does the superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve supply

Answer 8

superior- cricothyroid mm (tenses vocal cords)

Recurrent- intrinsic laryngeal mm

Question 9

what do the cuboidal cell lined follicles of the thyroid produce

Answer 9

secrete thyroxin from which t3 is developed

Question 10

What do parafollicular cells of the thyroid produce

Answer 10

secrete calcitonin

Question 11

what aa is the parathyroid glands supplied by

Answer 11

inf thyroid artery

Question 12

what types of glands do the parathyroid homoromes contain and what do they secrete

Answer 12

chief and oxyphils

chief- PTH (takes calcium out of bone)

Question 13

what makes the pancreas interesting

Answer 13

both an exocrine and endocrine gland

Question 14

Where are the endocrine secretions from in the pancreas (3 cell names and their secretions)

Answer 14

from islets of langerhans

Beta– Insulin
Alpha– Glucagon
Delta– somatostatin

Question 15

what does the main pancreatic duct join

Answer 15

joins common bile duct to open into the ampulla of vater in the main duodenal papilla in the duodemum

Question 16

the opening of the main pancreatic duct is guarded by what

Answer 16

Smooth mm sphincter of oddi

Question 17

what does the accessory pancreatic duct drain and where does it open to

Answer 17

drains the head and opens approx 2cm above the main duodenal papilla

Question 18

blood supply of the pancreas (3_)

Answer 18

superior pancreaticoducodenal
inferior pancreaticoduocodenal
great pancreatic artery

Question 19

Cortex 3 levels and what hormones do they produce (out to in)

Answer 19

1. Zona glomerulosa (mineralocorticoids) - Alosterone
2. zona Fasciculate (glucocorticoids)
3. Zona reticularis- Sex hormones

Question 20

What does the medulla secrete

Answer 20

norepinephrine and is under sympathetic control

Question 21

Which 3 arteries supply the adrenal gland

Answer 21

Superior adrenal (from inf phrenic)
Middle adrenal (abdominal aorta)
Inf adrenal (renal artery )