General Anatomy- Thoracic Anatomy

Question 1

What are the true, false and floating ribs

Answer 1

Ribs 1-7 (true)- actually articulate w sternum

Ribs 8-9, 10 (false)- articulate with cartilage of rib above

Ribs 11-12- Floating

Question 2

What are the typical ribs (+ what are the common features they have)

Answer 2

3-9

-Head w 2 articular demifacets
-neck between head and tubercle

Question 3

what does the two areas of the rib tubercle articulate with

Answer 3

1. smooth oval facet- articulation w transverse process of corresponding vert
2. Rough- attach to lat costotransverse lig

Question 4

All the costosternal joints are considered what type of joint

Answer 4

all of the costosternal joints are synovial jts excepts the 1st which is a primary cartilaginous

Question 5

What are the atypical ribs

Answer 5

1,2,10-12

Question 6

why is the 1st rib atypical

Answer 6

-shortest
-head has only one articular facet
-Rib has additional tunercle (for scalenus ant)
- no costal groove but groove for subclavian artery

Question 7

Why is the 2nd rib atypical

Answer 7

-large rough tuberosity need its middle for the attachment of sertatus ant

Question 8

why are ribs 10-12 atypical

Answer 8

only possess one facet on the head

Question 9

mm of the intercostal space

Answer 9

external- fibres running downwards and medially
Internal- fibres running upwards and medially
innermost- fibres running upwards and medially

Question 10

Neuromuscular bundle contents from top to bottom

Answer 10

Intercostal vein
intercostal aa
intercostal nerve

Question 11

What is the breast and where is it located anatomically

Answer 11

Modified apocrine sweat gland located in the superficial fascia except for its tail which is located under the deep fascia in the axilla

Question 12

what supports breast

Answer 12

Glandular tissue is attached to the skin above and the pectoral fascia below by the suspensory ligs of cooper

Question 13

What is the blood supply of the breast

Answer 13

Lateral thoracic aa
Internal thoracic aa
2-4 ant intercostal arteries

Question 14

75% of lymph drainage of breast goes where, + where does the rest go

Answer 14

75% drains to the ant pectoral group of axillary nodes then to central group and apical group of axillary nodes

Rest- Interna thoracic aa

Question 15

what lvl separated the sup and inf mediastinum

Answer 15

Manubriosternal joint and IVD of T4-5

Question 16

superior div of the mediastinum contains what (8)

Answer 16

TV PASTER

Trachea
Vagus
Phrenic
Arch of aorta
SVC
Thoracic duct
Esophagus
Remnant of thymus

Question 17

What is the inf mediastinum broken up into

Answer 17

ant (bw sternum and heart)
Middle
post (bw heart and thoracic vert)

Question 18

What is in the anterior compartment (3)

Answer 18

connective tissues
lymph nodes
remnants of thymus

Question 19

What is in the middle mediastinum

Answer 19

heart
pericardium
roots of great vessels
phrenic neerves

Question 20

What is located in the post compartment of mediastinum (7)

Answer 20

VS DATES

Vagus
splanchnic nerves
defending thoracic aorta and branches
Azygos venous system
thoracic duct
esophagus
sympathetic trunks

Question 21

where does esophagus start and end and at what lvl does it pass thru diaphragm

Answer 21

starts- inf border of cricoid cartilage C6
diaphragm pass thru at T10
Ends- T11

Question 22

What are the 3 layers of esophagus from in to out

Answer 22

Inner- stratifies non keratinized squamous epithelium
middle- submucosa
outer- 2 layers of mm (out longitudinal and inner circular)

Question 23

What type of mm is upper 1/3, middle 1/3 and lower 1/3

Answer 23

upper- skeletal
middle- combo
lower- smooth

Question 24

What is the upper middle lower esophagus supplied by and lymph drained by

Answer 24

upper- inf thyroid aa, lower deep cervical lymph nodes

middle thoracic aa, mediastinal lymph nodes

lower- left gastric aa, left gastric lymph nodes

Question 25

What is the venous drainage of esophagus

Answer 25

inf thyroid, esophageal and left gastric veins

Question 26

what are the 3 areas where the esophagus narrows

Answer 26

c6
t5 (where its crossed by left bronchus)
T10 (passes thru diaphragm)