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Boards- Anatomy > General anatomy- Gastro anatomy > Flashcards

General anatomy- Gastro anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is the aa supply of the foregut, midgut and hindgut

A

foregut- celiac trunk
midgut- sup mesenteric aa
handout- inf mesenteric

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2
Q

what does the foregut give rise to

A

esophagus
stomach
prox half of duodenum

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3
Q

what does the midgut give rise to (3)

A
  • distal half of duodenum
  • small intestine
  • prox half of long intestine up to prox 2/3 of transverse colon
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4
Q

what does the hindgut give rise to

A

to the rest of the large intestine from the distal 1/3 of the transverse colon to prox half of anal canal

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5
Q

how common is meckels diverticulum, where is it located, what kina tissue is it and how common is it

A

occurs in 2% of pop
2 inch long, 2 feet prox to the ileocecal junction
2x mc in males
made of gastric and pancreatic tissue

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6
Q

where is the t7,10,L1 dermatome lvls

A

T7- xiphoid lvl
t10- umbilical lvl
L1- inguinal region

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7
Q

How many layers is there in the ant abdominal wall and what are they from out to in

A 
skin
subcutaneous tissue
mm
transversals fascia
exztraperitoneal fascia
parietal peritoneum
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8
Q

what is the anterior abdominal wall innervated by

A
  • lower 5 intercostal nerves (T7-11)
  • subcostal nerve (T12)
  • Iliofypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves (L1)
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9
Q

where is the arcuate line located

A

posterior to the rectus mm, midway between the umbilicus and the symphysis

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10
Q

how is the anterior + posterior layer of the rectus sheath made above the arcuate line

A

ant- consists of ext oblique aponeurosis and ant layer of internal oblique aponeurosis

post- post layer of aponeurosis of the internal oblique and aponeurosis of traverses abdomens

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11
Q

how is the rectus sheath made below arcuate line

A

ant- aponeurosis of the ext oblique, int oblique and transverses abdominis

post- only covered by transversals fascia

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12
Q

what are the contents of the rectus sheath (3)

A

rectus abdominis mm
pyramidalis mm
sup and inf epigastruc aa and veins

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13
Q

what does the peritoneum consist of and is it sensitive to pain

A
  • is the inner layer of the abdominal cavity

Parietal layer- sensitive to pain (inn by same nerves as ab wall)

Visceral layer- not sensitive to pain but sensitive to distension

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14
Q

what is the abdominal cavity divided into and how are they connected

A

2 compartments: greater + lesser sacs

-Lesser sac lies behind the stomach and opens into the greater sac via the epiploeic foramen of Winslow

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15
Q

What are the retroperitoneal structures (9)

A

AC DC PARK AID

Ascending colon
Descending colon
Pancreas
Adrenals
Rectum (lower 2/3)
Kidneys
Aorta
Inf vena cava
Duodenum (2nd-4th parts)
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16
Q

what kind of epithelium is in the stomach and how many muscular layers are around it

A

columnar epithelium

outer-longitudinal
inner-circular
innermost-oblique

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17
Q

what type of cells are located in the stomach and what do they each produce

A

chief cells- pepsinogen

parietal cells- hydrochloric acid, intrinsic factor

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18
Q

the stomach is supplied by which arteries (4)

A
  1. left gastric (from celiac trunk)
  2. Right gastric (from common hepatic/proper hepatic)
  3. Left gastro epiploid and short gastric (from splenic
  4. Right gastro epiploic (from gastroduodenal)
19
Q

What is the upper and lower parts of the duodenum supplied by

A

upper (above major duodenal papilla) supplied by pancreatico duodenal artery

lower supplied baby inf pancreatic duodenal artery

20
Q

where does the common bile duct open

A

2nd part of duodenum

21
Q

what part of the duodenum does the superior mesenteric vein and aa pass over

A

3rd part of duodenum

22
Q

which parts of the duodenum are interperitoneal and retroperitoneal

A

1st inch of first part of duodenum is intraperitoneal

rest of the duodenum is retroperitoneal

23
Q

what is the biliary tree made up of

A

R+L hepatic ducts join to form common hepatic duct

Cystic duct (from gall) joins common hepatic duct to form common bile duct

24
Q

What is callots triangle

A

triangle between cystic duct, common hepatic duct and contains the cystic artery

25
Q

what does the common bile duct connect with

A

passes thru head of pancreas and is joined by the main pancreatic duct to open into the 2nd part of the duodenum (guarded by sphincter of Oddi)

26
Q

what is the proximal and distal parts of the sm intestine after duodenum

A

prox- jejunum- thicker/wider and more vascualr

distal- ileium- thinner, narrower and less vascular

27
Q

difference bw mesentery of jejunum and ileum

A

jejunum- large translucent windows with few large vascular arcades with longer vasa recta

Ileum- small opaque windows, numerous smaller arcades and numerous short vasa recta

28
Q

Where are Peyers patches located

A

Ileum (lymphoid aggregates)

29
Q

What does the sup mesenteric aa supply

A

Supplies all small intestine and the large intestine up to prox 2/3 of transverse colom

30
Q

What does the L intestine have that the short doesnt

A

Haustra, tania coli, appendices epiplocia

31
Q

what are the subdivisions of the colon

A 
cecum
ascending
transverse
descending 
sigmoid
32
Q

Where is the appendix usually found (3 w %)

A

behind cecum 65%
Pelvis 30%
Retro ideal or pre iliac 5%

33
Q

What is the appendix supplied by

A

appendicular aa

34
Q

Where is mcBurneys point

A

2/3 along a line from umbilicus to the ASIS

35
Q

what is the L intestine supplied by

A

L intestine derived from both mid and hindgut so supplied by both superior and inferior mesenteric aa

36
Q

What is the watershed area of the L intestine and where is it located

A

Junction of the prox 2/3 and distal 1/3 transverse colon

-where blood supply may be compromised during hypovolemic shock

37
Q

Where do lymphatics of colon drain

A

pericoloic
paracolic
mesenteric
para aortic nodes

38
Q

what covers the upper, mid and lower 1/3s of the rectum

A

upper 1/3- pelvic peritoneum on ant and lat sides

mid 1/3- peritoneum only on ant

Lower 1/3- no peritoneum covering (considered retroperitoneal)

39
Q

what aa supplies rectum

A

sup rectal branch of inf mesenteric aa

40
Q

what is the lymphatic drainage of rectum

A

drains into the inf mesenteric nodes

41
Q

what is the pectineal lone

A

divides the upper and lower part of anal mucosa

42
Q

what is the upper and lower parts derived from and are they sensitive to pain

A

upper- served from hind (endoderm), insensitive to pain

Lower- from ectoderm, sensitive to pain

43
Q

blood supply above and below pectineal line

A

above- inf mesenteric

below- inf rectal branch of internal pudendal aa

44
Q

Lymphatic drainage above and below pectineal line

A

above- inf mesenteric nodes

below- Lat group of superficial inguinal nodes in groin

Boards- Anatomy (22 decks)

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