General Anatomy- MSK anatomy Flashcards
What are the 3 classifications of movement of a jt
synarthrosis- immobile (fibrous jt)
Amphiarthrosis- slightly mobile (cartilaginous jt)
Diarthrosis- mobile (synovial jt)
Breakdown of fibrous type joints (3)
Synostosis (sutras)
Syndesmosis (interosseous membrane)
Gomphosis (tooth and tooth socket in the gum)
Two types of cartilaginous jts
synchondrosis (growing ends of long bones)
Symphysis- IVD, pubic symphysis, manubriosternal jt
What is a mixed jt and an example
Synovial/fibrous- SI joint which becomes synostosis as the person gets older
All midline joints are secondary cartilaginous except what?
-Median Atlanta-axial joint (which is trochoid synovial)
The articular surface of all synovial jts are covered w what? (except which 3 jts)
Hyaline cartilage
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Except;
-Temporomandibular
-sternoclavicular
-Acromioclavicular
all covered in fibrocartilage instead
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Where does the synovial membrane lie
synovial membrane lines the interior of the fibrous jt capsule and the non articular surfaces of nearby jts
The synovium is make up of what
Plump cells:
- Type A synoviocytes- Macrophagic cells
- Type B synoviocytes- secrete synovial fluid which contains hyaluronic acid + glycoproteins
What is Hilton’s Law
The nerve which innervates a mm that acts on a joint will supply the joint and an area of skin over the joint
What is bone made up of generally
Central haversian canals
Concentric lamella
Bone matrix
What is the central haversian canal
- contain w blood vessels
- the canals are connected by Volkmanns canal
- -supplying nutrients and removing waste
what is concentric lamellae
surround the Haversian canals
-the lamellae are compromised of lacunae which contain osteocytes
-The lacunae are connected by canaliculi which contain thin cytoplasmic strands (allowing osteocytes to communicate w eachotehr)
What is the outer layer of cartilage and what is it compromised of
Perichondrium- outer layer that contains chondroblasts + Blood V
Mainly compromised of
- glycosaminoglycans
- preoteoglycans
- chondrocytes
what are the 3 types of cartilage
Hyaline- most abundant (type II collagen)
Elastic- Type II colagen and elastin (found in larynx)
Fibrocartilage- Dense compact Type I collagen (in discs)
individual mm fibres are covered by what
groups of mm fibres are covered by what
full muscles are covered by what
individual- endomysium
fascicle (bundle)- perimysium
entire mm- epimysium
