Species Interactions ( Interspecific Or Multiple Species That Afe Different)

Question 1

Competition interaction

Answer 1

(-/-) two or more species compete for a resource that is in short supply

Question 2

Predation

Answer 2

(+/-) one species the predator kills and eats the other , prey.

Question 3

Herbivory

Answer 3

(+/-) An herbivore eats part of a plant or alga

Question 4

Parasitism

Answer 4

(+/-)

The parasite derived is nourishment from a second organism the host which is harmed

Question 5

Mutualism

Answer 5

(+-)

Question 6

Symbiosis

Answer 6

Individuals of two or more species live in close contact with one another different types 3 types. Commensalism
Mutualism
Parasitism

Question 7

Commensalism

Answer 7

(+\0)
One species benefits while the other is unaffected by the other

This is the rarest symbiosis

Question 8

Facilitation

Answer 8

(++) (+\0)

Helping out usually a plant that’s a facilitator and has an positive effect on the other without contact.

Not a symbiosis

Question 9

Niche

Answer 9

Originally meant a recess associated with location

In biology it’s location and a complete set of resources that organisms uses and how much along with location

Question 10

What do niches allow for species

Answer 10

For species to minimize competition

Question 11

Realized niche

Answer 11

The actually niche they occupy

Question 12

Fundamental niche

Answer 12

Could be bigger than the realized but depends on some sort of restriction

Question 13

Cryptic coloration

Answer 13

Hard to understand is cryptic

Harder to see coloration in the environment so predators can’t find you

Question 14

Aposematic okoratoon

Answer 14

Easily seen in their environment to indicate something. Can indicate that the species is dangerous like being poisonous. Intentionally standing out

Question 15

Batesian mimicked

Answer 15

A harmless species mimics a harmful one. Like a harmless caterpillar mimicking the aposematic coloration of a venomous snake

Question 16

Mullerian mimickry

Answer 16

Two unpalatable species mimic each other like things telling their predators that they don’t taste well

Question 17

What are the two components to biodiversity

Answer 17

Species richness- how many different species live there

Relative abundance -

Question 18

Greater biodiversity

Answer 18

Has more relative abundance of species. The ratio is better.

Question 19

Food chains

Answer 19

Trophic structure

Question 20

Food chains at the base must have

Answer 20

Producers that carbon fixate. So consumers can consume them for the organic material

Question 21

Primary consumers

Answer 21

Consumers that eat the producers

Secondary eat primary

Tertiary eat the secondary

Quaternary

Question 22

Food web

Answer 22

Food chains hooked together in different ways

More real cause organisms eat different things but at the base is producers

Question 23

Phytoplankton

Answer 23

Plankton that use photosynthesis and at the bottom of food chains/ web

Question 24

The top of food chains are

Answer 24

Are in the most precarious position because they rely on everything below it, so if something goes extinct they will be effected greatly

Question 25

The dominant species

Answer 25

The species that is more abundant.

Very inportant.

Can be good for others or bad but ecologically inportant

Question 26

Keystone

Answer 26

Of high importance. Hold things together like the top of an arch

For the health of the ecosystem.

The sphenoid bone in the cranium is considered the keystone

Usually not the dominant species

Question 27

Ecosystem engineer

Answer 27

Not conscious thought. Like a beaver that creates a dam. Transforms the ecosystem or changes the landscape

Question 28

Intermediate disturbance hypothesis

Answer 28

Disturbance- any unusual occurance in an ecosystem

Intermediate meaning not too low or high

Biodiversity will be maximized at an intermediate level of disturbance

Niches can open up with disturbance so other species can occupy those niches

Question 29

Succession

Answer 29

The process of recovery from major disturbances.

Question 30

Categories of succession

Answer 30

Primary and secondary.

Primary is for really bad disturbances so not many things. Soil is destroyed

Secondary. Not as bad and the soil is still in place

Question 31

Primary succession example constantly occurring is

Answer 31

Glacial movement that scrapes soil away and the things that were there are gone and must start over

Question 32

Lichens

Answer 32

Symbiotic relationship between fungus and microscopic producer on bare rock and produces soil. Soil contains particles of rock and organic materials from the producers. Allows plants to grow

Question 33

Human caused disturbances

Answer 33

There are becoming more intense

Overfishing and deforestation are examples

Trolling is a type of fishing that includes huge nets that pull everything off the ocean floor. Huge disturbance