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Biology > Chemistry Of Life > Flashcards

Chemistry Of Life Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biology means?

Science means?

A

The study of life

To know

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2
Q

Valence electron

A

Outer most electrons on the last shell

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3
Q

Anion

A

Ion that accepts an electron and will have a negative charged

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4
Q

Cation

A

An Ion that gives an electron and will have a positive charge

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5
Q

Covalent bond

What does it look like for a structural diagram?

What does it look like for a molecular diagram?

A

Sharing of electrons

H-H

H₂

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6
Q

Double Bond

A

A chemical bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms

O₂

O=O

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7
Q

Molecule

A

Formed when two or more atoms are linked together by covalent bonds

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8
Q

Polar covalent bonds

A

Chemical bond where a pair of electrons are unequally shared between two atoms. An example of this is a water molecule

+H O-
+H

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9
Q

Elctronegativity

A

Is the measure of The tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons towards itself

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10
Q

Chemical reaction

A

Means bonds are being broken ( other than hydrogen bonds)

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11
Q

Domain

A

Is a group of organisms that is the highest of its kind

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12
Q

Polarity

A

Causes hydrogen atom to be attracted to the oxygen atoms in other water molecules

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13
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Substances that dissolve in water and like water

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14
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Things that don’t dissolve in water or don’t like it

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15
Q

Solvent

A

A substance that dissolves things

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16
Q

Solute

A

The things being dissolved in a solvent

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17
Q

Hydroxyl

A

An entity with the formula OH it is an alcohol

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18
Q

Calorie

A

The amount of energy it takes to raise one g of water 1 degree Celsius.

Ex. It take 540 calories to vaporize 1 g of water

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19
Q

Ion

A

An atom gaining a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons

20
Q

Matter

A

Takes up space and mass

21
Q

Compounds

A

Consist of two different

22
Q

Atomic mass

A

Protons and neutrons

23
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons

24
Q

Isotope

A

Number of neutrons differ in the atomic nucleus

25
Q

What are the 4 element that make up96% of living matter

A

CHON

26
Q

Carbon is the backbone of?

A

Biological molecules

27
Q

Organic chemistry

A

The study of carbon

28
Q

Important functional groups

A 
Hydroxyl OH
Carbonyl C=O
Carboxyl COOH
Amino nH₂
Sulfihydryl SH
Phosphate -OPO}
Methyl CH₃
29
Q

Hydrocarbons

A

Made up of hydrogen and carbon and they are fatty tissues. Also non polar

30
Q

Macromolecule

A

Large molecules (polymers) composed of smaller molecules (monomers)

31
Q

What are some organic molecules that are polymers?

A

Carbs
Protein
Nucleic acids

32
Q

Amylase

A

Is in the saliva and breaks down starch ase means starch

33
Q

If it ends in “ose” it means it’s a?

A

Sugar

34
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

Two monomers put together and giving out polymers. Requires taking out of water

35
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Breaking down with water lysis mean break down

36
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Sugars: monosaccharides which mean simple sugars
ex. Ketose and Aldose

Glucose +glucose= maltose which is a disaccharide

37
Q

Starch

A

Polymer consisting of entirely glucose monomers

38
Q

Glycogen

A

Glucose monomers major form of glucose in plants

39
Q

Cellulose

A

Found in The cell wall of plants/ polymer of glucose

40
Q

Lipids

A

Diverse group of hydrophobic molecules. Do NOT co diet of polymers

41
Q

Where are fats stored

A

Adipocytes

42
Q

Fatty acids

A

Vary in lengths and can have double bonds saturated means full of hydrogen and unsaturated mean not full

H atoms on opposite sides of the double bind means trans

H atoms on the same side mean cis

43
Q

Reduction

A

Gain electron GER

44
Q

Oxidation

A

Loss of an electron

45
Q

Benedict’s rest

A

Tests for reducing sugar
Blue for negative
Red for positive

46
Q

IKI (iodine potassium iodide)

A

Tests for starch
Yellow for negative
Black for positive

47
Q

Buried test

A

Protein
Blue for negative
Purple for positive

Biology (23 decks)

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