Special diets

Question 0

guidelines to reduce sugar intake

Answer 0

drink water instead of sweetened drinks

choose low-sugar breakfast cereals, biscuit, cakes

use sugar substitutes instead of sugar to sweeten food

replace snacks with fresh fruit, vegetables, seeds, unsalted nuts

Limit sweets, honey, syrup and chocolate in the diet.

Question 1

health problems associated with a high sugar diet

Answer 1

tooth decay

overweight and obesity

Question 2

effects of high salt intake

Answer 2

high blood pressure
stroke
coronary heart disease
kidney damage

Question 3

guidelines to reduce salt intake

Answer 3

reduce amount of salt added at table and during cooking.

choose fresh meat instead of processed meat

use herbs, spices and peppers to flavour food instead of salt

avoid food with high salt content such as packet aoups, sauces and savoury snacks

Read food labels to check for salt, sodium or MSG. (Monosodium Glutamate is also a type of salt)

Question 4

benefits of a high fibre diet

Answer 4

Fibre soaks up water, which makes the food bulky in the body. This causes muscular movement in the body, which pushes food quickly along. This prevents constipation and other bowel disorders.
Fibre does not contain calories, but gives a feeling of fullness. (Useful for loosing weight)

Question 5

Effects of low fibre intake

Answer 5

constipation
bowel disease
piles

Question 6

guidelines to increase fibre intake

Answer 6

choose whole cereals such as brown bread, brown rice and whole pasta

eat high fibre breakfast cereals

choose whole fruits instead of fruit juices

Leave the skins on fruit and vegetable if possible

include nuts and seeds in the diet

Include peas, beans and lentils in the diet.

Question 7

what does obesity mean

Answer 7

obesity means being 20% or more above the recommended weight for height and build.

Question 8

causes of obesity

Answer 8

overeating
lack of exercise
energy imbalance
poor nutritional knowledge

Question 9

health problems associated with obesity

Answer 9

heart disease
diabetes
stroke
high blood pressure
poor self-image

Question 10

guidelines to reduce risk of obesity

Answer 10

take regular physical exercise
do not eat between meals
avoid crash diets
remove visible fat from meat
grill, steam or boil food instead of frying

Question 11

health problems associated with a high fat diet

Answer 11

obesity
coronary heart diesase
diabetes

Question 12

foods with high fat content

Answer 12

butter
meat fat
margarine
biscuits
cakes
lard
cream

Question 13

coronary heart disease

Answer 13

Occurs when the arteries of the heart becomes clogged with cholesterol. Cholesterol is a fatty substance which clings to walls of the arteries.

Question 14

causes of heart disease

Answer 14

history of heart disease within family
being overweight
lack of exercise
smoking
too much alcohol
stress

Question 15

guide to reduce fat in the diet

Answer 15

use low-fat spread instead of butter

choose low-fat milk, cheese and yoghurt.

Remove visible fat from meat.

grill, steam, bake or microwave instead of frying food

increase intake of fruit and vegetables in diet

cut out fatty foods such as cakes and chocolate

Question 16

What is a vegan

Answer 16

A vegan lives on plants and cereal foods, they do not eat meat, meat products, poultry, fish, dairy or eggs.

Question 17

What is a lactovegetarian

Answer 17

A lactovegetarian does not eat meat, meat products, fish and poultry but they do eat diary products and eggs.

Question 18

Reasons for choosing a vegetarian diet

Answer 18

it can be a healthy option
it is cheaper
religious reasons
some believe it is wrong to kill animals

Question 19

guidelines for planning a vegetarian diet

Answer 19

choose whole cereals
use fortified soya milk to provide calcium
ensure that menus are balanced
avoid convenience foods containing animal products

Question 20

coeliac disease

Answer 20

a person who has coeliac disease cannot digest gluten. Gluten is a protein found in wheat.

Question 21

foods to avoid (coeliacs)

Answer 21

all products from wheat, barley, oats and rye.
products containing breadcrumbs
packet soups and sauces
many convenience foods.

Question 22

Foods allowed (coeliacs)

Answer 22

foods made by 
barkat
kelkin
doves farm
free from (tesco)

Question 23

Diabetes

Answer 23

Diabetes is where the body cannot produce insulin or use insulin to control level of sugar in the blood.

Question 24

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 24

Occurs when insulin is not produced at all in the body. Sugar collects in blood and goes into urine without producing any energy.

Question 25

type 2 diabetes

Answer 25

Occurs when body cannot use insulin it produces.

Question 26

Guide for controlling diabetes

Answer 26

Reach correct body weight
Exercise regularly
Eat high-fibre carbohydrate foods
avoid foods high in sugar