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Home economics > Foods: Milk > Flashcards

Foods: Milk Flashcards

1
Q

Sources of milk

A

Cows produce most of milk for commercial milk products, but buffaloes, sheep, goats and camels a also sources

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2
Q

Nutritive value - Protein

A

HBV.
For growth & repair
Useful for children, teenagers, athletes, sick people, pregnant women

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3
Q

Nutritive value - Fat

A

Saturated
Present in cream
Heat, energy, insulation

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4
Q

Nutritive value - Carbohydrate

A

In form of sugar

For energy

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5
Q

Nutritive value - Minerals

A

Calcium + phosphorous
Bones and geeth
Teenagers, children, pregnant women

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6
Q

Nutritive value - Water

A

87% of milk is water

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7
Q

Nutritive value - Vitamins

A

A+D- Growth, healthy skin, eyes, bones,
D- absorption of calcium

B- Healthy nerves, release of energy

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8
Q

Why milk is important in the diet

A

Dentists say milk is safe to drink between meals
Help to control body fat and control risk of obseity
Original fast food, quick and nutritious snack
Less fat than snacks eg. packet of crisps

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9
Q

Fortified milk - added nutrients

A

Extra calcium
Contain folic acid - prevent NTD in unborn child of pregnant women such as spina bifida. Form of B vitamin.
Vitamin E - powerful antioxidant

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10
Q

Average composition of milk for 100ml - Whole Milk

A

Energy (kcals) - 64

Protein (%) - 3.4

Fat (%) - 3.5

Carbohydrate - 4.9

Vitamins - A, B, D

Calcium (mg) - 118

Water (%) - 87

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11
Q

Average composition of milk for 100ml - Skimmed milk

A

Energy (kcals) - 33

Protein (%) - 3.3

Fat (%) - 0.1

Carbohydrate - 5.0

Vitamins - B

Calcium (mg) - 120

Water (%) - 90

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12
Q

Average composition of milk per 100ml - Fortified milk

A

Energy (kcals) - 47

Protein (%) - 3.4

Fat (%) - 1.5

Carbohydrate - 4.9

Vitamins - A, B, D, E

Calcium (mg) - 163

Water (%) - 89

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13
Q

Types of milk

A 
Whole milk
Low-far milk
Skimmed milk
Fortified milk
Buttermilk
Evaporated milk
Condensed milk
Dried milk
Soya milk
Ultra heat treated (UHT)
Lactose-free milk
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14
Q

Whole milk

A

Standard milk. Contains 3.5% fat, most popular milk in Ireland

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15
Q

Skimmed milk

A

Contains 0.1-0.3% fat

Not suitable for babies + young children as it lacks fat-soluble vitamins

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16
Q

Buttermilk

A

Liquid remaining after butter is made.
Cultured buttermilk has bacteria added to make it acid and sharp tasting.
Used for baking.

17
Q

Dried milk

A

Has all water removed by evaporation

18
Q

Soya milk

A

Made from soya beans

Used as dairy milk substitute

19
Q

Low-fat milk

A

Semi-skimmed.
contains 1.5-1.8% fat
Also called light milk

20
Q

Fortified milk

A

Low-fat/Skimmed/Full fat milk with extra vitamins (A+D), folic acid + calcium added,
Omega 3 fatty acids may be added

21
Q

Evaporated milk

A

Has some water removed before being canned

22
Q

Condensed milk

A

Similar to evaporated with added sugar

used in sweet-making + desserts

23
Q

Ultra heat treated (UHT)

A

Milk heated to 132* for one second then cooled and packed.
will keep for months without refrigeration.
Often called long-life milk

24
Q

Lactose-free milk

A

Lactose has been removed for lactose intolerant people

25
Q

Pasteurisation

A

Milk is pasteurised to kill harmful bacteria. Milk is heated fo 72* for 25 seconds, then cooled quickly

26
Q

Homogenisation

A

Whole milk is homogenised go spread cream evenly through milk

27
Q

Effects of heat on milk

A

Bacteria are killed when pasteurised (pathogenic bact.)
Protein coagulates (sets) + forms skin on milk
Flavour changed
Loss of vit. B + C

28
Q

Pathogenic bacteria

A

Pathogenic bacteria such as salmonella and listeria make you sick and gives food poisoning

29
Q

Used of milk in food prep

A

Milk is a multipurpose food:

  • Drink on its own, added to others, eg. tea, coffee, hot chocolate, milkshakes, latte
  • Breakfast cereals (hot + cold)
  • Soups eg.. mushroom soup
  • Desserts + puddings eg. bread + butter, pudding, rice pudding
  • Sauces eg. white, parsley, cheese
  • Baked foods eg. bread, scones
  • Savoury dishes eg. quiche, pancakes
  • As milk products eg. yoghurt, cheese
30
Q

Milk

A

The most complete natural ready-made food there is

Home economics (46 decks)

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