food and nutrition Flashcards
factors affecting food choces
lifestyle nutritional value cost culture religion availability foods in season advertising personal likes and dislikes
Functions of food
helps the body to grow
provides body with energy and warmth
protects the body against disease.
nutrient
chemical in food that nourishes the body, Eg protein
composition
what the nutrient is made up of
source
a food that contains the nutrient
function
what it does in the body
rda
amount of the nutrient we should eat each day
deficiency disease
ill effects caused by lack of the nutrient
six types of nutrients
Macronutrients: Proteins, fats, carbohydrates
micronutrients: vitamins, minerals, water.
composition of protein
proteins are made up of amino acids,
Amino acids are small units that are attached by together like beads on a necklace.
Contains elements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen. Nitrogen is needed for growth.
classifications of protein + sources
HBV: Soya, meat, fight, eggs, milk/dairy.
LBV: Peas, beans, lentils, nuts, whole cereals.
functions of protein
It helps the body cells to grow.
it helps the body repair damaged cells.
It forms hormones and enzymes,
protein is used for heat and energy when there is no energy left.
protein RDA
Adults need a gram of protein for every kg they weigh.
Eg if a person weighs 50g, they need 50g of protein per day.
FAT COMPOSITION
fats are made from fatty acids and glycerol,
Each glycerol is attached to three fatty cpacids.
Glycerol and fatty acids contain the elements carboh, hydrogen and oxygen.
Classification of fats + sources
saturated fats : butter meat milk cheese eggs
unsaturated fats: sunflower oil olive oil rapeseed oil nuts seeds
functions of fat
fats provide heat and energy
contains fat-soluble vitamins A D E and K
Layer of fat under the skin insulates the body
gives a feeling of fullness and delays hunger