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MS/Advanced Somm Studies > South Italy Guide > Flashcards

South Italy Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Greco Bianco, also called Greco di Gerace, is found mainly in Calabria and is genetically identical to what grape?

A

Malvasia di Lipari and Malvasia di Sardegna

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1
Q

Southern Italy is colloquially referred to as ?

A

Mezzogiorno

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2
Q

Difference between Catarratto Bianco Comune and Catarratto Bianco Lucido ?

A

Catarratto Bianco Comune has higher sugar and lower acidity, and Catarratto Bianco Lucido has more-compact bunches and can be more refined.roducers often distinguish the latter by simply calling it Lucido.

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3
Q

What are the two biotypes of falanghina?

A

Falanghina Beneventana, which has more structure, alcohol, and floral character; and Falanghina Flegrea, which has fruitier flavors of peach, yellow apple, cherry pit, and apricot.

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4
Q

Who revived fiano and hwat soils yield it’s best expression?

A

mastroberadino / volcanic

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5
Q

Name three regions of Italy where Fiano present?

A

Campania, Sicily, Puglia, Molise, and Basilicata

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6
Q

what is grillo called in Liguria?

A

Rossese Bianco

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7
Q

Why would you train frappato in the guyot system?

A

To increase vigor

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8
Q

What parent grape to nerello, gagglioppo, and frappato share?

A

Sangiovese

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9
Q

What body of water seperates calabria and sicily

A

Messina Straight

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10
Q

name three synonyms for Primitivo

A

zin / Crljenak Kaštelanski / Tribidrag

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11
Q

Organize these regions from most wine produced to least:

sicily/abruzzo/Campania/Puglia

A

Puglia 120 mill cases
Sicily 65 mill cases
Abruzzo 34.8 million cases
Campania 16.4 million cases

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12
Q

what is the messadria system?

A

The mezzadria system, in which sharecropper tenants farmed the land and split the profits with landlords

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13
Q

Terre dei Vestini and Terre di Casauria are the highest regarded subzones where?

A

Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC: they require at least 90% and 100% Montepulciano, respectively, along with higher minimum alcohol, lower maximum yields, and longer aging. Within Vestini is the important wine district Loreto Aprutino, home to one of Abruzzo’s iconic producers, Valentini. - loreto aprutino

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14
Q

What grape may be blended with montepulciano in the Colline Termane Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOCG?

A

Sangiovese / min 90% montepulciano

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15
Q

difference between Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo DOC normale and superiore

A

superiore requires 90% montepulciano and normale is 85%

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16
Q

what styles are made in Tullum / Terre Tollesi DOCG?

A

Pecorino and Passerina:
min. 90% state variety,
max. 10% combined other white grapes suitable for cultivation in Abruzzo region.

Rosso/Rosso Riserva:
min. 95% Montepulciano,
max. 5% combined other non-aromatic red grapes suitable for cultivation in Abruzzo region.

Spumante:
min. 60% Chardonnay,
max. 40% combined other non-aromatic white grapes suitable for cultivation in Abruzzo region.

Bianco: Wines may be released January 1 on the year after harvest.
Rosso: Wines may be released January 1 on the second year after harvest.
Rosso Riserva: Wines must be aged for a min. 2 years, including min. 6 months in wood from January 1 on the year after harvest.

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17
Q

naame two doc in abruzzo for rosato

A

abruzzo doc / cerasuolo d’abruzzo doc

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18
Q

Most planted red and white grape in molise

A

montepulciano and trebb

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19
Q

what tow regions of Italy produce the smallest amount of doc/g wine by volume?

A

Molise and Puglia

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20
Q

What region is the Tintilia grape native too?

A

Molise (red grape)

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21
Q

What two bodies of water boarder puglia?

A

Ionian and Adriatic seaand gulf of tarranto

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22
Q

What is vino da taglio?

A

table wine

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23
Q

what major mountain range influences viticulture in Northern Puglia

A

Daunian mountains in the north

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24
Q

What region produces the most vino da tavola

A

puglia

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25
Q

name all four docgs of Puglia

A

Castel del Monte rosso riserva

Castel del monte Nero de Troia

Castel del Monte Bambino Nero

Primitivo do Manduria dolce naturale

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26
Q

Where is the Murge Plateau and the Ofanto River?

A

Puglia - where castel del monte is

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27
Q

Main grape and min % in the Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG + min aging and ABV

A

nero di troia 65% / 2 years with 1 in wood / 13%

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28
Q

Main grape and min % in the Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva DOCG + min aging and ABV

A

90% Nero di Troia / 2 years with 1 in wood / 13%

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29
Q

Main grape and min % in the Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG + min aging and ABV

A

90% Bombino Nero (rose style only) 12%abv / no min aging

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30
Q

Min RS / main grape + % / min abv in Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale docg

A

50 g/l
100% Primitivo
16% (13% actual) ABV

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31
Q

What is the most important gape of the Salento province?

A

Negroamaro

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32
Q

Min % OF NEGROAMARO in salice salentino doc when it is and is not varietally labled

A

75 when not varietally labled and 90 when varietally labeled

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33
Q

Organize the following docg from least to most montepulciano required at assemblage

Colline Termane Montepulciano d’abruzzo DOCG
Tullum DOCG
Offida DOCG

A

Offida (85%)
Colline Termane (90%)
Tullum (95%)

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34
Q

Styles allowed in salice salentino

A

Rosso/Rosato:
minimum 75% Negroamaro
maximum 25% other black grapes suitable for cultivation in Puglia

Bianco:
minimum 70% Chardonnay
maximum 30% other white grapes suitable for cultivation in Puglia
Negroamaro/Negroamaro

Rosato:
minimum 90% Negroamaro
maximum 10% other black grapes suitable for cultivation in Puglia

Aleatico/Riserva/Dolce/Liquoroso Dolce/Liquoroso Riserva
minimum 85% Aleatico
maximum 15%, alone or combined, Negroamaro, Malvasia Nera, Primitivo

Varietal wine:
minimum 85% of the stated variety
maximum 15% other grapes of the same color suitable for cultivation in Puglia

sparkling white and rose

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35
Q

what is alberata vine training?

A

Training vines on living trees

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36
Q

where is the calore river?

A

Taurasi docg

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37
Q

climate and elevation of taurasi

A

warm continental / 3-600 meters

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38
Q

what cardinal direction of Taurasi is the best? N/E/W/S?

A

The southernmost area, around the communes of Castelvetere sul Calore, Paternopoli, Castelfranci, and Montemarano, has the highest elevation and coolest climate and is the last to harvest. The soils have more loam and clay, and the wines are among the most powerful and ageworthy produced in the region.

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39
Q

what min % of the major variety do all docg of campania require?

A

85

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40
Q

grape %, aging, min abv, and elevage for taurasi

A

Taurasi
Taurasi Riserva
Varieties:
Minimum 85% Aglianico
Combined maximum 15% other non-aromatic red grapes of Avellino
Minimum Alcohol:
Taurasi: 12%
Riserva: 12.5%
Aging Requirements:
Taurasi: Minimum 3 years from December 1 of the harvest year, including at least one year in wood
Riserva: Minimum 4 years from December 1 of the harvest year, including at least 18 months in wood

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41
Q

aging for aglianico del taburno docg and min abv

A

Rosato: May not be released prior to March 1 of the year following the harvest
Rosso: Min 2 years from November 1 of the harvest year
Rosso Riserva: Min. 3 years from November 1 of the harvest year, including at least 1 year in wood and 6 months in bottle

Rosato and Rosso: 12%
Rosso Riserva: 13%

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42
Q

where is the best portion of the fiano de avellino docg?

A

Northwest

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43
Q

Notable crus Lapio and Candida in the east, Montefredane in the north, and Summonte in the northwest can be found where?

A

fiano de avellino docg

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44
Q

what river influences Greco di Tufo and fiano de avellino docg?

A

Sabato

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45
Q
A
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45
Q

lees aging for spumante greco di tufo

A

18 for regs and 36 for reserva

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46
Q

What are the primary red and white grapes for the vesuvio doc?

A

The white wines must include a minimum of 45% Coda di Volpe. The reds and rosatos must include a minimum 50% Piedirosso

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47
Q

How must a wine from the Vesuvio doc be elevated to the labeling ‘Lacryma Christi?’

A

The white, red, rosato, and spumante wines may be labeled Lacryma Christi del Vesuvio if they have a higher minimum 12% ABV.

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48
Q

What are the most planted red grapes in campania

A

Aglianico / Pedirosso

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49
Q

what are the primary red and white grapes in the Ischia DOC

A

Pedirosso / Forastera

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50
Q

Furore, Ravello, or Tramonti are subzones where?

A

Costa d’Amalfi DOC

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51
Q

What are the primary red and white grapes used in the Falerno del Massica DOC?

A

Falanghina / Aglianico

52
Q

What DOCG is adjacent to Irpinia to the East?

A

Aglianico del Vulture superiore

53
Q

what three mountains influence viticluture in all aglianico docgs?

A

Mount Taurasi / Mount Vulture / Mount Taburno

54
Q

What is a capanno?

A

vineyard worker huts in Vulture

55
Q

Why is Vulture cooler than Taurasi

A

Mount Vulture is the tallest peak in south italy along the appenines and blocks warm air from north Africa while allowing cool air to funnel in from the Adriatic sea.

56
Q

what region separates the Tyrrhenian and Ionian seas?

A

Calabria

57
Q

What are the main red and white grapes in ciro doc? Aging for reserva reds?

A

80% Greco Bianco and
80% gagglioppo

2 years 13,5%

58
Q

Why would you use longer fermentation times and cooler temperatures for grapes that oxidize easily?

A

to stabilze color/polymerize tannin

59
Q

What are palmenti/palmento

A

large stone fermentation/winemaking facilities in sicily

60
Q

avergae elevation of sicily

A

500m

61
Q

what region of italy has the most vineyard area of any region

A

sicily with 119,250ha but it’s the fourth samllest in terms of production volume

62
Q

what are the most planted red and white grapes on sicily?

A

Nero d’avola / catarratto

63
Q

what section of sicily is most planted?

A

West

64
Q

Why are etna vineyards safe from most volcanic eruptions

A

Etna’s eruptions are generally considered effusive rather than explosive, meaning gases escape easily rather than building up pressure, and lava flows are relatively gentle and slow moving.

65
Q

what is the elevation range for the etna doc that is allowed to be planted? And what portion is the highest and what portion is the most densely planted?

A

300-800m north (most planted)
300-900m east
300-1000 south (highest elevation max)

66
Q

Why are more white grapes grown on the east and south side of etna?

A

Higher elevation average and more rain / cooler temps

79in on the east and 31in in the north

67
Q

What two winds influence viticulture in Sicily?

A

Sirocco / grecale

68
Q

first vintage etna contrada where officially recognized

A

2011

69
Q

Who makes tenutua whitaker grillo and where is it from?

A

Tasca d’Almerita / grillo

70
Q

what doc would you find Tasca d’Almerita, Castellucci Miano, and Feudo Montoni located in

A

Contea di Sclafani DOC

71
Q

What is the CLimate of Mt. Etna?

A

Warm Mediterranean Climate (depending on elevation)

72
Q

What are nuraghi?

A

truncated conic towers built with basalt stones by early Sardinian peoples during the Bronze Age.

73
Q

where is most cork (quercus suber) produced in italy

A

Sardinia

74
Q

what is the soil of vermentino di gallura docg

A

Pink granite

75
Q

what styles of wine may be made in Vermentino di gallura docg? min % of grape?

A

dry still white / passito / spumante / Vendemmia Tardiva / 95%

76
Q

Most planted grape of sardinia

A

cannonau

77
Q

Oliena (Nepente di Oliena), Jerzu, and Capo Ferrato are subzones where?

A

Cannonau di Sardegna DOC

78
Q

The nuoro province is where and requires a min of what grape?

A

Cannonau di sardegna (90% cannonau)

79
Q

What is the mostl planted grape in the sulcis area.

A

Carignano

80
Q

What other satellite island may make wine un the region of sardegna?

A

Sant’Antioco - south of sulcis and connected by a bridge

81
Q

what is graciano called on sardegna

A

Bovale Sardo

82
Q

Name a synonym for carignan on sardegna

A

Bovale Grande

83
Q

Name a native sardegna grape

A

Monica / Nasco / Nuragus / Torbato

the other major ones are spanish

84
Q

Min flor aging for Vernaccia di Oristano DOC. What are gregori and bennaxi?

A

minimum of two years, or three years for Superiore and four years for Riserva

gregori, which have low fertility and low limestone content and are found at higher altitudes, and bennaxi, the more fertile, alluvial soils at lower altitudes that are rich in loamy clay.

85
Q

What is Mirto?

A

A popular local beverage in Sardinia is the liqueur Mirto. The myrtle (mirto) plant grows wild in the Mediterranean scrubland of Sardinia and Corsica, and its berries are macerated in an alcohol base with water and sugar to make Mirto.

28%–36% ABV, no additives of coloring or flavoring, and less than 270 grams per liter of total sugar.

86
Q

Min % of carricante in etna Bianco / superiore / lees aging for spumante and main grape

A

60% / 80% / 18 months and 80% nerello

87
Q

two main grapes of the faro doc

A

45% - 60% Nerello Mascalese
15% - 30% Nerello Cappuccio
max10% Nasco

where palari is located

88
Q

Peloritani and Nebrodi mountains are found where?

A

Sicily - mamertino doc

89
Q

Name two aeolian islands in italy

A

Lipari and Salina (two main ones)

90
Q

min % of malvasia in malvasia delle lipari doc

A

92-95%

91
Q

why do wines from malvasia delle lipari have a copper hue?

A

They must be blended with a min 5% red wine (Corinto Nero)

92
Q

dry wines of malvasia di lipari would be bottled under what geographic indication

A

Salina IGT

93
Q

min RS of malvasia delle lipari?

A

60 g/L

94
Q

min amount of nero d’avola and frappato in cerasuolo di vittoia docg

min aging for wines from the classico zone

A

nero: 50-70
frappato: 30-50

18 months

95
Q

hyblean mountains influence what docg?

A

Cerasuolo di vittoria

96
Q

soil of cerasuolo classico zone that are also best for frappato

A

terra rossa

97
Q

a wine labeled Eloro Pachino would be made of what grape - manly

A

Nero min 80%

98
Q

what wines are made in italy in the perpetuum style?

A

marsala

99
Q

Which of the following grapes does not have a region wide DOC on the island of Sardinia:

Cannonau
Moscato
Carignan
Vermentino
Monica

A

Carignan del Sucis DOC: only on the southern portion of the island. The island of Sant’Antioco alos is part of this DOC - connected to sardinia by a land bridge

100
Q
A
101
Q

what style of wine requires mosto cotto? what is the process of adding this called?

A

ambar marsala / concia

102
Q

what two oaks are mainly used in marsala production

A

cherry and french

103
Q

min aging for fine / superiore / superiore riserva / vergine / vergine riserva and/or stravecchio

A

Fine, requires at least one year of aging; 8 months in barrel

Superiore requires a minimum two years; 20 months in barrel

Superiore Riserva requires a minimum four years; 44 months in barrel

Vergine riserva 5 years; 56 months (4 years 8mo)

vergine riserva and/or stravecchio 10 years; 116 months (9 years 6 months)

104
Q

wines labeled Fine IP, Superiore SOM, Superiore GD, and Superiore LP are from where?

A

Marsala Fine IP: “Italy Particular”
Marsala Superiore SOM: “Superior Old Marsala”
Marsala Superiore GD: “Garibaldi Dolce”, a reference to a 19th-century general
Marsala Superiore LP: “London Particular”

105
Q

what styles of marsala may not be sweetened?

A

Vergine

106
Q

name three ways marsala is sweetened

A

sifone (a sweet and syrupy mistelle), mosto cotto, and rectified concentrated grape juice.

107
Q

a marsala with no additions other than gape spirit can be labeled what?

A

Vergine - 5 years min aging

108
Q

RS for secco, semisecco, dolce? What style must always be secco?

A

Marsala is also designated by sweetness level, with secco having a maximum 40 grams per liter of residual sugar, semisecco between 40 and 100 grams per liter, and dolce having at least 100 grams per liter or higher. All Vergine wines must be secco.

109
Q

who makes ‘vecchio samperi?’

A

De Bartoli’s Vecchio Samperi, is named for the contrada where his family’s cellar is located, tying the wine to a sense of place—which was virtually unheard of in Marsala when the wine was first released, with the 1980 vintage. This vino da tavola does not qualify for Marsala DOC because it is unfortified and its ABV is lower than the minimum; it is made in the traditional solera style of Marsala that was used before Woodhouse’s arrival.

110
Q

explain the traditional method in which sweet wines are made on the island of pantelleria

A

The traditional method of making sweet wines on Pantelleria is to add dried grapes to a base wine of fresh grapes during fermentation (similar to the method of Tokaji Aszú but without botrytis).

111
Q

what are stenditoio and serre?

A

On Pantelleria grapes are dried either outdoors in the sun in a walled area called a stenditoio, or in drying tunnels called serre, which intensify the heat and accelerate the pace of drying

112
Q

what is the difference between passolata and passa Malaga grapes on Pantelleria?

A

Passolata are only 25-40% dried and Passa Malaga are fully dried.

113
Q

Name 5 contrada of etna

A

san lorenzo / bocca di orzo / Calderara sottana / pietra marina / monte rosso / rinazzo / sant spirito / rampanti

114
Q

What is the province of taurasi

A

Avellino

115
Q

what are the DOC’s of molise

A

biferno / molise del molise / pentro di isernia / tintilla del molise

116
Q

Grapes that can be blended with fiano in the fiano di avellino DOCG

A

Trebbiano /Greco / Coda di Vope

117
Q

name the three appellations only for sweet wine in puglia.

A

Moscato di trani doc / primitivio di manduria dolce natural docg / aleatico di puglia doc

118
Q

what decade was radici first made

A

1920’s

119
Q

where would you find the sila mountains and the monte nebrodi

A

sila mountains - calabria / monte nebrodi - sicily

120
Q

what is cordisco a synonym for?

A

Montepulciano - producers are trying to ban the term Montepulciano outside the Abruzzo region and are now pushing people to use this term.

121
Q

where is tere nerre’s pre phyloxera bottling from and what is it called

A

La Vigna di Don Peppino - Calderara Sottana

122
Q

where are nurgaus and semidano grapes found

A

sardina

123
Q

name four wine producing regions with terra rossa soil

A

limari / cerasualo di vittoria / coonawarra /la mancha / wrattonbully

124
Q

what are conche/vite ad alberello

A

conche are the craters dug to plant vines in to protect from hot winds on pantellaria/sicily

125
Q

what is vino sfusso

A

bulk wine in the south of italy

126
Q

organize from lowest abv to highest:

Castel del monte Nero de Troia Reserva DOCG
Cerasuolo di Vittoria DOCG classico
Taurasi DOCG classico

A

Taurasi classico 12%
Cerasuolo di Vittoria classico 12.5%
Castel del monte Nero de Troia Reserva 13%

127
Q

Min aging for etna rosso riserva

A

Rosso Riserva: wines must undergo a minimum 4 years aging from November 1 of the harvest year including 12 months in wood.

128
Q

when would you fortify vergine marsala

A

after fermentation and aging

MS/Advanced Somm Studies (214 decks)

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