Friuli-Venezia Giulia Flashcards
1
Q
Mario Schiopetto
A
- Introduced modern white winemaking in Friuli
- Controlled cold fermentation in stainless steel, coupled with region’s moderate temperatures, led to Friulian crisp, clean style for quick consumption
- Refined through the years with non-invasive practices like gravity flow and minimized use of sulfur, yet critics contend that winemaking has become too clean - even clinitical
- Continuous experimentation, whites may be blended, barrel-fermented and aged, lush rather than lean
2
Q
Friuli
Most prized soil
A
Ponca
- Marl, sandstone, marine fossils
- High pH, cool temperature results in high acidity
- Prone to landslides
3
Q
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
2 mountain ranges
A
- Julien Alps - East, separates FVG from Slovenia
- Carnic Alps - North, separates FVG from Austria
4
Q
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Eastern mountain range bordering Slovenia
A
Julian Alps
5
Q
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Mountain range on northern border with Austria
A
Carnic Alps
6
Q
Friuli
Major white grapes
A
- Friuliano (Tai), Ribolla Gialla, Malvasia Istriana
- Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
- Sweet Wines: Picolit, Verduzzo Gialla
7
Q
Friulano
Synonym
A
Sauvignonasse (Sauvignon Vert)
- Similar to grassy Sauvignon Blanc, but unrelated
- Fatter, lower acid
8
Q
Friuli
Major red grapes
A
- Refosco, Schioppetino, Pignolo
- Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon
9
Q
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Most planted grape
A
Merlot
- Although recognized for many of the white wines from the region
10
Q
Schiopettino is the black variant of white grape?
A
Ribolla Gialla
11
Q
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
International grapes often bottled varietally in Friuli
A
- Pinot Bianco, Chardonnay, Pinot Grigio, Sauvignon Blanc (Sauvignon)
- Also wealth of native grapes
12
Q
Friuli-Venezia Giulia
4 DOCGs
A
- Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit DOCG
- Ramandolo DOCG
- Lison DOCG (shared with Veneto)
- Rosazzo DOCG
13
Q
Friuli-Venezia-Giulia
2 DOCGs for sweet passito wines
A
-
Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit DOCG
- Min 85% Picolit (max 15% other whites of Friuli exc. Gewürztraminer)
- Cialla - 100% Picolit
-
Ramandolo DOCG (est 1970, modified 2006; min 14% alc.)
- 100% Verduzzo Gialla
14
Q
What region of Italy is Ramandolo DOCG located within?
A
Friuli
- Ramandolo est 2001
- Sweet white; picked late, may even receive extra drying
- Verduzzo grape
- copper, deep yellow, herbal, full bodied, slightly tannic, not too sweet
15
Q
Ramandolo DOCG
Grape
A
- 100% Verduzzo Gialla (Verduzzo Friulano)
- Min 14% alc
- DOCG est 1970, revised 2001
16
Q
Rosazzo DOCG
A
- Former subzone of Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC; dedicated to Friulano-based dry whites
- 50% Friulano, 20-30% Sauvignon Blanc, 20-30% Pinot Bianco/Chardonnay, plus
- Must be released by April 1st of the 2nd year following the harvest
- Created in the image of Livio Felluga’s Terre Alte: 50% Friulano, 25% Pinot Bianco, 25% Sauvignon, aged in botti
17
Q
Rosazzo DOCG
Main grape
A
- Min. 50% Friulano (Tai)
- 20-30% Sauvignon Blanc
- 20-30% Pinot Bianco and/or Chardonnay
- Max. 10% Ribolla
- Max. 5% other white varieties suitable for cultivation in Udine
18
Q
DOCG shared between Veneto and Friuli
A
Lison DOCG
19
Q
Lison DOCG
Main grape
A
- Min 85% Tai (Friulano)
- Max 15% other non-aromatic white grapes suitable for Venice, Trevisio, Pordenone
- DOCG est 2010
20
Q
Friuli-Venezia-Giulia
3 most important DOCs
A
- Collio Goriziano DOC (Collio)
- Colli Orientali del Friuli DOC
- Grave del Friuli DOC - 52% of acreage, mostly bulk wine
21
Q
Difference in aging between:
- Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit
- Cialla
- Cialla Riserva
A
- 1 year - basic DOCG
- 2 years - Cialla
- 4 years - Cialla Riserva
22
Q
Collio and Colli Orientali
Attributes ideal for white grapes
A
High altitude combined with limestone, sandstone, and marl soils
23
Q
Colli Orientali del Friuli-Picolit
Major subzone
A
Cialla
24
Q
Colli Orientali del Fruili
Subzones
A
-
Cialla
- Monopole of Ronchi di Cialla (Rapuzzi)
- Highest elevation in the DOC
- Ponca with limestone soils
- Mix of varietals (all native), may be varietal wines
- 4 years of aging for riserva
-
Refosco di Faedis
- Northerly
- Red wines of 85% Refosco Nostrano
-
Pignolo di Rosazzo
- 100% Pignolo
-
Ribolla Gialla di Rosazzo
- 100% Ribolla Gialla
-
Schioppettino di Prepotto
- 100% Schioppettino
- Released 9/1, 2nd year after harvest, 4th year for riserva
25
Q
Collio
3 unofficial subzones
A
-
Oslavia
- Eastern
- High elevation 180M
- Famous for Ribolla Gialla
-
Cormons
- Lowest, Warmest
- Divided by Monte Quarin, splits area into northern and southern zones
-
Dolegna
- Coolest, Wettest
- Aromatic white grapes
26
Q
Collio
Differences among Dolegna, Cormons, and Oslavia
A
-
Dolegna del Collio
- coolest, wettest
- 50-90 m, closest proximity to the mountains
- swept by Tramontona winds
-
Cormons
- lowest, warmest
- Monte Quarin - one of Collio’s first hills, rises to 275 m, divides vineyards and climate into (cool) northern and (warm) southern sectors
-
Oslavaia
- easternmost
- highest elevations, 180 m above sea level
- sunniest, dry winds from Adriatic and Slovenia
- harvests are typically later than other areas in the COC
- Ribolla Gialla = signature grape
27
Q
Albarello Modificato
A
- Training system in Friuli to combat rot
- 2 cordons, 3 canes, 1 bud per cane
28
Q
Carso
Location and major soil type
A
Carso
- Thin peninsula between Slovenia and the ocean, surrounding Trieste
- Soils: very thin terra rossa over hard limestone
29
Q
Gravner
Location
A
Oslavia
30
Q
Josko Gravner
Innovations
A
- 1973: Pneumatic press, stainless steel
- 1980’s: Barrique
- 1996: Orange wine
- Experimentation with skin contact began because the 1996 vintage was nearly destroyed by hail; Gravner ran trials with what little was left
31
Q
Gravner
Process of white wine production
A
- Fermented in amphorae with long maceration (with stems in good years), 6-10 punchdowns per day
-
Pressed, then returned to amphorae 5 mo
- Amphorae left with headspace during fermentation, then topped off
- Aged in large oak 6 yrs
- Unfined and unfiltered, sulphur at bottling for stability
32
Q
Gravner: Wines
A
-
Breg
- Chard, SB, PG, Riesling; Last/current vintage 2007?
-
Ribolla Gialla
- Current vintage 2007
-
Rosso Gravner
- Merlot, Cab Sauv; 4 years in barrel; Last vintage 2004
-
Rosso Breg
- Pignolo; 4 years in barrel, 6 years in bottle; Current vintage 2004
-
Rujno
- Produced only in best years from Merlot; 4 years barrel, 6 years bottle; Current release 1999
33
Q
Radikon: Lines
A
-
Radikon
- Fermentation in 3,000L slavonian oak, 4 punchdowns per day, left unfilled
- 3mos of post fermentation maceration on the skins, then 5 years of aging (4 in botti, 1 in bottle)
-
S
- 2-3 weeks on the skins, aged in barrel for 1 year
- Entry level line
34
Q
Ronchi di Cialla
Location, year est, and hallmark
A
- Colli Orientali del Friuli, 1970, by Dina and Paolo Rapuzzi
- Dedicated to indigenous varieties; their monopole Cialla is the only DOC in Friuli with only native grapes allowed (Picolit, Ribolla Gialla, Verduzzo Friulano; Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino)
35
Q
Ronchi di Cialla: Wines
A
WHITE
- Verduzzo, Ribolla Gialla, Ciallabianco, Picolit
- Cillabianco: 60% Ribolla, 30% Verduzzo, 10% Picolit
- Ribolla Gialla sees 3mos in stainless, the rest see 11-12mos and fermentation in barrel.
RED
- Ribolla Nera (Schioppettino), Schioppettino, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Rosso (50/50 Schioppettino/Refosco)
- 12-18mos in barrel for Rosso and Ribolla Nera, 14-18 for Schioppetino and Refosco
36
Q
Man behind Miani
A
Enzo Pontoni
- Winery is tname for his mother’s maiden name
37
Q
Who produces Vintage Tunina and Capo Martino?
A
Jermann
