Portugal Flashcards
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1
Q
Where is located Lourinhã DOP? What do they produce there? Min age requirement?
A
Lisboa IGP / aguardente / 24mo
2
Q
When does Dão recognise as DOP?
A
1990
Dão as been awarded as DOP on the same time than its neighbouring Lafoes DOP
3
Q
What is the main GV for red wines of Palmela DOP? Soils?
A
Tinto: Min. 66.7% Castelão
Branco: Typically is a blend, produced with a high proportion of Fernão Pires and Arinto
limestone (Arrábida hills) and sand (Palmela plains)
4
Q
Where could you find Terra Senhorim? what are the requirements for Nobre wines in this region?
A
Dão DOP
Variety Requirements for Nobre wines:
Tinto: Min. 85% combined Touriga Nacional (min. 15%), Alfrocheiro, Aragonez, Jaen, Rufete
Branco: Min. 85% combined Encruzado (min. 15%), Bical, Cercial, Malvasia Fina, Verdelho
Other subzones: Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Serra da Estrela, Silgueiros, Terras da Azurara,
5
Q
How long time must a wine of setubal be aged
A
min 18 mth in large wood cask
- wines labeled “superior” are min of 5 y old
label designations: 10/20/30/40 years old
wines labled under 20y old min RS 280 g/l
wines labeled over 20y old min RS 340 g/l
6
Q
Where could you find Paiva?
A
Vinho Verde DOP
Other subzones are:
Monção e Melgaço, Lima, Cávado, Basto, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baião
7
Q
WHere would you find the wine medieval de Ourem being made?
A
Lisboa IGP - Encostas d’Aire DOP - trained in taça trellis
Tinto Ourém: Trincadeira 20% ish
Branco Ourém: Fernão Pires 80%ish
8
Q
What style of wine is produce in Lourinhã DOP?
A
Brandy (Aguardente) Must be aged for 24 mth min before release 38% ABV
9
Q
Where is Bucelas?
A
Lisboa IGP BrancoMin. 75% Arinto (Perdernã); plus Sercial (Esgana Cão) and Rabo de Ovelha
Serra de Montejunto
10
Q
SQ of Fonseca? (est 1815)
A
Quinta da Panascal – acquired in 1978
11
Q
What is the soil type of Setubal DOP? Main body of water
A
- Limestone: Arrabida hill - Sand: Palmela plain
- sado estuary
12
Q
Where could you find Terra do Sico?
A
Beira Atlantico IGP’s one subregion
13
Q
What style of wine of wine is Biscoitos produced? From what GV?
A
- Styles: Vinho Espumante, Vinho Branco, Vinho Licoroso Branco (fortified)
- Branco/Espumante: 6 months
- Licoroso: 24 months
-
Authorized Varieties:
- At least 80% combined Verdelho, Arinto dos Açores, Terrantez do Pico
- Remainder may include Arinto (Pedernã), Chardonnay, Fernão-Pires (Maria-Gomes), Galego-Dourado, Generosa, Gouveio, Malvasia, Malvasia Fina, Moscatel Galego Branco (Muscat à Petit Grains), Moscatel Graúdo, Rio Grande, Seara Nova, Sercial (Esgana-Cão), Viosinho
14
Q
What style of wine of wine is produced in Graciosa DOP? From what GV?
A
Still dry white, sparkling, or licoroso from Azores
At least 80% combined Verdelho, Arinto dos Açores, Terrantez do Pico
Branco/Espumante: 6 months
Licoroso: 24 months
15
Q
What is Periquita? Who’s bottled it first?
A
Castelão grape from Setubal – J.M. Fonseca bottle & labelled it as varietal the first time (Around 1850’s)
Portugal’s first bottled wine.
16
Q
What style of wine can Bairrada DOP produced? Name three red and three white grpaes that clssify as ‘classico’
A
Vinho: Branco, Rosado, Tinto
Vinho Espumante de Qualidade
Vinho Licoroso: Branco, Rosado, Tinto
Branco or Tinto Red is most common – 50% Baga min
The wine is usually a blend and may be labled “Classico” if Baga is blended any of the following grapes: Alfrocheiro, camarate, Castelao, Jaen, and Touriga Nacional
Tinto “Classico”: Alfrocheiro, Baga, Camarate, Castelão, Jaen, Touriga Nacional
Branco “Classico”: Bical, Cercial, Fernão Pires (Maria Gomes), Rabo de Ovelha
17
Q
What is Vinho Abafado?
A
Pre-fortification: -Partially fermented grape juice preserved with alcohol. Use for final fortification (and sweetening) in Carcavelos DOP
18
Q
What % of vineyards can produce Port in the Douro?
A
almost 50%
19
Q
Where could you find Serra de Estrela? What are the GV requirments for Nobre wines from here?
A
Dão DOP (most famous)
Other subzones: Alva, Besteiros, Castendo, Silgueiros, Terras da Azurara, Terras de Senhorím
Variety Requirements for Nobre wines:
Tinto: Min. 85% combined Touriga Nacional (min. 15%), Alfrocheiro, Aragonez, Jaen, Rufete
Branco: Min. 85% combined Encruzado (min. 15%), Bical, Cercial, Malvasia Fina, Verdelho
20
Q
What is Pedernã?
A
Arinto in Alentejo
21
Q
What is “Colheita Tardia” in Portugal?
A
Late Harvest
22
Q
Where did Touriga Nacional originate from?
A
Dão
23
Q
What wine is produced under Torres Vedras DOP?
A
Branco: 65% comb Arinto, Fernão Pires, Rabo de Ovelha, Seara Nova, Vital
Tinto: 70% comb: Aragonez, Castelão, Touriga Nacional, Tinta Miuda (Graciano), Trincadeira
24
Q
Name the 3 sub-zone of the Douro DOP from West to East? What’s the one with highest percentage of single quintas? what one produces the most table wine?
A
- Baixa Corgo (most dry table wine)
- Cima Corgo (most single quintas)
- Douro Superior
25
When was the monopolistic demand of Port trade ended?
1986: by the EU membership All port wine were aged and shipped from Villa Nova di Gaia by laws
26
SQ of Churchill's (est 1981)
- Quinta do Agua Alta - Quinta do Grincha (bought in 1999)
27
What is the archipelagos of volcanic island situated 1000 miles off the coast of Portugal?
Açores Islands
28
Explain the aging requirements
Rainwater:
Vinho de Canteiro:
Vinho de Estufagem:
Colheita:
Frasqueira:
Solera:
Age Indication:
Reserve tawny/white
Rainwater: maximum age of 10 years
Vinho de Canteiro: 2 years in wood, and may not be bottled for 36 months after the final fortification
Vinho de Estufagem: May be bottled after 12 months from the conclusion of the estufagem process
Colheita: May be bottled from Oct. 31 of the fifth year following the harvest
Frasqueira: 20 years in wood
Solera: Min. 5 years in the solera, after which 10% may be drawn off each year for a maximum of 10 additions
Age Indication: Age is an indication of style, not the actual age or minimum age
Reserve tawny/white: If accompanied by the term "Tawny" or "White" the wine must have been cask-aged for at least 6 years.
29
What are 2 wines to go through "Torna Viagem (TVE)" maturation process in the heyday of Portugal's fortified wine trade?
Madeira
Setubal
30
Where could you find Planalto Mirandes?
Tras-os-Montes DOP
**_All Subregions:_** Planalto Mirandês, Chaves, Valpaços
31
Are sercial and cercial the same grape? IS there any difference with the grape ‘Cerceal?' What's a synonym for ‘sercial?’
**No. Cerceal**
Confusingly, Cerceal is also an alternative spelling for *Sercial*, the once-vital wine grape of [_Madeira_](https://www.wine-searcher.com/regions-madeira). as is Esgana Cão
32
What are the main grapes of Alentejo DOP?
* Tinto: Alfrocheiro, Alicante-Bouschet, Aragonez (Tinta Roriz), Cabernet-Sauvignon, Castelão, Syrah, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela)
* Branco: Antão Vaz, Arinto (Pedernã), Fernão-Pires (Maria Gomes), Manteúdo, Perrum, Rabo de Ovelha, Síria (Roupeiro), Tamarez, Trincadeira das Pratas
33
Req for Colheita port?
- Tawny port style - must be vintage dated - must be aged for a min of 7 years in cask prior bottling
34
What style of wine is produced in Bucelas DOP?
Branco & Espumoso - 75% Arinto + Sercial (Esgana Cão), Rabo de Ovelha
35
How could you call the cork tree? Where is it mainly planted?
Quercus Suber Alentejo IGP
36
Famous winemakers of Vinho Verde? what is the only sub region that ,ay varietally designate alvarinho?
Quinta do Soaheiro (alvarinho)
Aselmo Mendes (alvarinho)
Moncao e Melgaco
37
What are the ageing req for LBV port? what could you assume of an LBV with the word 'Traditional' on the label?
- Must be aged in cask for at least 4 years - Bottled prior 31/12/H+6 -- To be labelled "Envelhicido Garrafeira": 3 more years in bottle prior release
- unfiltered
38
When Porto received its own DOP?
1986
39
What are the sub-zone of Alentejo DOP?
Evora; Borba; Moura; Granja-Amareleja, Reguengos; Redondo; Vidigueira;
Most famous; Portalegre - serra mamede mountains
40
What is "Barca Vehla"?
First dry table wine produced on the Douro Valley 1952: First vintage (18 vintage have been done until now) Produced by Ferreira from the Douro Superior first made Dona Fernando Nicolau de Almeida from the vineyards of Quinta do leda and Quinta de Sairrao
50% Touriga Franca / 30% T. Nac / 10% Tempranillo / 10% Tinta Cao
52/54/57/64/65/66/78/81/82/83/85
91/95/99/00/04/08/11
41
What does "Envelhicido em garrafa' mean?
"Bottle Matured" - LBV port: + 3 years ageing in bottle before release
42
Where is Tras-os-Montes located? main rivers that influence viticulture? Main mountains that influence viticulture?
Transmontano IGP / Douro, the Sabor, the Tua and the Tamega.
(used to be the region that encompassed the Douro prior to the duriense)
Serras de Barroso, Cabreira, Alvão and Marão
43
What geographic feature forms a natural border between the Dão and Beira Interior?
Sierra de Estrella Range
44
Where could you find Valpaços?
Tras-os-Montes DOP
45
Where could you find Evora?
Alentejo DOP
**_All subzones:_** Évora, Borba, Moura, Granja-Amareleja, Reguengos, Redondo, Vidigueira, Portalegre
46
What are the declared vintage port since 1950's?
1950's: 50; 55; 58
1960's: 60; 63; 66; 67
1970's: 70; 75; 77: 78
1980's: 80; 82; 83; 85, 87
1990's: 91; 92; 94; 97
2000's: 00; 03; 07
2010's: 11; 16; 17
47
What does "Garrafeira" mean on the portuguese table wine label?
"Private wine cellar" - indicate a longer period of ageing prior release: -- TInto: 36 mth (with 12 mth in bottle) 11.5% abv-- Branco / Rosato: 12 mth (with 6 mth in Bottle) 11.5%
IGP RED = 30mo with at least 12mo in bottle
IGP white = 12 mo with at leat 6mo in BTL
48
SQ of Calem? (est 1859)
- Quinta do Foz (Since 1885) - Quinta do Sagrado - Quinta do Ornozelo (Douro Sup)
49
What is Moscato do Douro?
Fortified wine produced from Moscatel Galego grape: Douro valley
50
Where could you find Almerim?
The Do Tejo DOP which shares the same boundries as the Tejo IGP
others include:
Cartaxo / Chamusca / Coruche / Santarem / Tomar
51
What signature component of Dão red blend?
Touriga Nacional for strength & richness Jaen for fruitiness & juiciness
52
What DOP of Lisboa is producing aguardente
Lourinhã: -Bianco: Alicante Branco, Alvadurão, Boa Espinho, Malvasia Rei - TInto: Cabinda --24 mth aging min -- 38% ABV min
53
SQ of Kokpe (est 1638)
Quinta de San Luiz
54
What are the 3 DOP near Lisbon disappearing due the expansion of the city?
Bucelas DOP Colares DOP Calcareous DOP
55
What mountains ranges create the Douro Valley?
Marao Mountain & Montemuro Mountain
56
Where could you find Vidigueira?
Alentejo DOP
57
What treaty, signed in 1703 between England and Portugal, led to the prolific rise in exports of Portuguese wines to Britain?
Treaty of Methuen
58
what are the main white GV of Port / Douro region?
Arinto
Cercial
Gouveio
Malvasia Fina
Rabigato
Vinhoso
59
What is the min ABV of VInho Verde wines? why are most vinho verde wines quasi-sparkling?
Still - Wh/Re/Ro: 8%
With subzone (except Soussa): 9%
Espumante: 10%
Varietal Alvarinho (Monção e Melgaço Subregion - still/sparkling:) 11.5%
Vindima Tardiva: 15% natural 14% actual 45 g/l RS min
malo has finished in bottle
60
What are the aging designation(s) permitted for Moscatel de Sétubal?
18 mo min
Superior (5 years)
10/20/30/40
* Wines under or equal to 20 years old: 280 g/l
* Wines over 20 years old: 340 g/l
61
What species of oak tree is primarily used for cork production?
what is the soil type of the Douro Valley?
Quercus suber
Schist
62
Premier DO for Arinto in Portugal?
Bucelas DOP Lisboa IGP
63
Give 2 synonym for Touriga Nacional
Mortagua Preto
Bical Tinto
64
What does "Colheita Seleccionada" mean on a Portuguese wine label?
1% ABV higher than established by the regional appellation
65
Where could you find Cartaxo?
DoTejo DOP
66
Can espumante wine made in the Traditional Method can be made anywhere in Portugal? Name three that can.
No (Tras-os-Montes / Dão DOP / Távora-Varosa DOP / Beira Interior DOP / DoTejo DOP / Palmela DOP)
67
When was DoTejo upgraded to DOP? What was it original name?
2003 Ribatejo until 2010
68
Where could you find Coruche?
DoTejo DOP
69
How long must espumoso do Douro Stay on its lees? ABV min?
9 mth OTL 11% ABV
70
What does Garrafeira mean on a Port wine label? Who is the Pioneer?
Wines that are aged in cask for at least 4 years, maximum 8 years, with an additional minimum 15 years of bottle maturing.Nieport
71
What is Vinho Ao Alta?
gentle slopes vineyard on the Douro Valley: Newest building terrasses, large and mechanisable - Vines rows run vertically on the slopes
72
SQ of Croft (est 1736) What is the lei de tergo?
Quinta do Roeda
only 1/3 of port production may be sold
73
What is the purpose of enforcado? how much vine in Vinho Verde DOP are still grows by this way?
reducing the risk of fungal deseases
74
Give some synonym for Arinto?
Malvasia Fina
Loureira
Pedernã
Espanhol
75
GV's for Torres Vedras DOP?
Tinto: Min. 70% combined Aragonez (Tinta Roriz), Castelão, Tinta Miúda, Touriga Nacional; max. 15% Caladoc; max. 30% Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela); plus Alicante Bouschet, Cabernet Sauvignon, Camarate, Jaen, Syrah, Tinta Barroca, Touriga Franca
Branco: Min. 65% combined Arinto (Pedernã), Fernão Pires (Maria Gomes), Rabo de Ovelha, Seara Nova, Vital; plus Alicante Branco, Alvarinho, Chardonnay, Jampal, Malvasia Rei, Ratinho, Sauvignon, Viosinho
76
What are the DOP of Algarve?
- Lagoa DOP - Lagos DOP - Portimão DOP - Tavira DOP
77
Where could you find Cavado?
Vinho Verde DOP
78
What is moscato galego?
Muscat blanc à Petit grains
79
SQ of Warre's (est 1670)
- Quinta da Cavadinha -- Quinta do Retiro Antigo -- Quinta Alvito -- Quinta Telheda
80
SQ of Quinta do Noval? (est 1715)
- Quinta do Noval
- - Quinta do Noval Naciona/ 1931 first vintage
- - Quinta do Silval
81
Where could you find Redondo?
Alentejo DOP
**_All 8 sub-regions:_** Évora, Borba, Moura, Granja-Amareleja, Reguengos, Redondo, Vidigueira, Portalegre
82
What is enforcado
traditional trellising system from Vinho Verde: Pergola account 5% of the total planting now
83
What are the req for Dão DOP branco "Nobre"? Tinto "Nobre"?
Branco: - Max 85% comb:
, Bical, Cerial, Malvasia Fina, Verdelho - 12% ABV - 12 mth ageing
Min 15% encruzado
Tinto - 85% max Alfrocheiro, Aragonez, Jaen, Rufete - 13% ABV - 36 mth ageing
Min 15% Touriga Nacional
84
SQ of Cockburn's (est 1815)
- Quinta do Canais - Quinta do Tua (owned between 1889 & 2006: now under Graham's brand)
85
Where is Bairrada DOP? What larger IGP is it within? What are the most planted grapes in the region?
Beira Atlantico (Coastal region) -- Terras do Sico is sub region
1. baga
2. fernao pires
86
SQ of Sandeman (est in 1790)
Quinta do Vau (acquired in 1998) Quinta do Seixo (Bought in 2002)
87
Selecção and Palhete are special designations for wines in what region? Give an example of 'Palhete.' Min aging for Tawny port?
Beira Interior (influences by the sistema central in spain)
* Branco "Selecção": 6 months 12%min abv
* Tinto "Selecção": 12 months 13% abv
* Palhete style produced from incorporating up to a max. 15% white grapes
* "Medieval de Ourém" (80% Fernão Pires + 20% Trincadeira) in Encostas d'Aire
3
88
Where is located Torres Vedras DOP?
Lisboa IGP
Tinto: Min. 70% combined Aragonez (Tinta Roriz), Castelão, Tinta Miúda, Touriga Nacional; max. 15% Caladoc; max. 30% Trincadeira (Tinta Amarela); plus Alicante Bouschet, Cabernet Sauvignon, Camarate, Jaen, Syrah, Tinta Barroca, Touriga Franca
Branco: Min. 65% combined Arinto (Pedernã), Fernão Pires (Maria Gomes), Rabo de Ovelha, Seara Nova, Vital; plus Alicante Branco, Alvarinho, Chardonnay, Jampal, Malvasia Rei, Ratinho, Sauvignon, Viosinho
89
What is a Barco Rabelo? bonbons?
Historical boat to ship down the port the Villa Nova di Gaia
Glass demijohns used for aging garrafeira styles of port
90
What IGP covers nearly 30% of the Portugal landmass?
Alentejano IGP
91
What can wine be produced in Douro DOP?
Branco; Rosato; Tinto Licoroso: Moscatel do Douro Espumoso
92
What are the grapes of Carcavelos DOP?
* Tinto: Min. 75% combined Castelão and Preto Martinho (Negra Mole)
* Branco: Min. 75% combined Arinto, Ratinho, and Galego Dourado (malvasia finha)
93
What is the difference between Sercial and Cercial?
Cercial: white grape used in Dao, Bairrada, Douro Sercial: High acidic white grape from Madeira: -- AKA Esgana Cão -- Genetically distinct
94
What is the DOP of Terras da Beira IGP?
*Precise its sub-zones*
**Beira Interior DOP**
_Sub-zone_:
* *Pinhel*
* *Beira del Castelo Rodrigo*
* *Cova da Beira*
95
Where could you find Melcão-Melgaço?
Vinho Verdo DOP
96
what does the Camara de Provadores tasting panel approve? WHo makes Scion?
Port wines - Taylor Fladgate (most expensive vintage wine))
97
what are the 5 best GV of the Douro valley?
Touriga Nacional Touriga Franca Tinta Roriz Tinta Cão Tinta Barroca
98
Where could you find Portalegre? What other sub-regions of this area are viewed as the most important?
Alentejo DOP
Borba
Redondo
Reguengos
Vidigueira
99
Where could you find Baião?
Vinho Verde DOP
100
What are the DOP of Terra Madeirenses IGP.
Madeira DOP: licoroso
Madeirense DOP (Port Santo): unfortified white, red & rose wine
101
When was Sebtubal demarcated?
1907 -- One of the first in Portugal
102
What are the GV for Colares DOP?
White: -- 80% Malvasia
Red: (both in sand, one softer and one harder)
-- Chāo de Areia (soft): 80% Ramisco
-- Chāo Rija (Hard): 80% Castelao
103
What is Lagares?
traditional concrete tank use for Port grape maceration & extraction before fortification
104
What are the GV of Lourinhã DOP?
-Bianco: Alicante Branco, Alvadurão, Boa Espinho, Malvasia Rei - TInto: Cabinda - Brandy wine production
105
What does "Reserva" mean on the Portuguese sparkling wine label
must be aged for a min of 12 mth OTL prior disgorgement
106
What is Patamares?
Traditional Douro slopes vineyard: Small shapes terraces: steepest slopes
107
Name the two DOP of **Terra do Dão IGP**?
* Dão DOP
* Lafoes DOP
108
What is the DOPP of Alentejano IGP?
Alentejo DOP
109
Where could you find Ave?
Vinho Verde DOP
110
Where is Carcaveos DOP located?
Lisboa IGP
111
Where could you find Santarém?
DoTejo DOP
112
What are the sub-zone of Vinho Verde? Name three red and three grapes of vinho verde?
Lima; Cavado; Basto; Melcão-Melgaço; Ave; Amarante; Baião; Paiva; Sousa
Amaral, Borraçal, Alvarelhão (Brancelho), Espadeiro, Padeiro, Pedral, Rabo-de-Anho, Vinhão
Alvarinho, Avesso, Azal, Batoca, Loureiro, Arinto (Pederña), Trajadura
113
SQ of Taylor-Fladgate (est 1692)
- Quinta do Vargellas (1958: 1st SQVP) - Quinta do Junco - Quinta do Terra Feta
114
What was the Douro wine company charged to do initially?
- Charged to limited fraud - Established practises & boundaries - Develops the grading port Vineyard - Autorized individual producers allotment base on rating vineyard - Fixed prices - Manage export - Monopolised the sale of arguadiente
115
Who is the owner of Quinta do Tua?
Was a propriety of Ferreira until 1889, then Cockburn -- Graham's bought it in 2006
116
Where could you find Chaves?
Tras-os-Montes DOP
117
What is the commercial nexus of commercial trade for Port?
Oporto
118
Sub-zone of Encostas de Aire DOP
Alcobaca: - 65% min Fernão Pires - Aragonez, Baga, Castelão, T Nacional
Ourem: - Trincadeira, Fernão Pires
119
In what region would you most likely encounter "chão de areia" and "chão rija" soil types? What have they helped prevent?
Colares / Phylloxera
120
What are the 6 sub-region of Do Tejo DOP?
Coruche Chamusca Cartaxo Santarem Tomar Almerim
121
Where is Arrunda DOP?
Lisboa IGP
122
What is Siria?
other name to the Roupeiro GV in Alentejo DOP
123
What is DOP of Beira Atlantico? What does ‘classico’ mean here?
Bairrada DOP
* Branco "Classico": 12% 12 months total with minimum 6 in bottle
* Tinto "Classico": 12.5% 30 months total with minimum 12 in bottle
Assemblage:
Tinto "Classico": Alfrocheiro, Baga, Camarate, Castelão, Jaen, Touriga Nacional
Branco "Classico": Bical, Cercial, Fernão Pires (Maria Gomes), Rabo de Ovelha
124
What is the first dry stable wine from the Douro Valley?
Barca Vehla Ferreira 1952
125
What are the ageing req for Arrunda DOP?
Branco: 3 mth Tinto: 14 mth
126
What are the GV for Bucelas? Style?
- 75% Arinto + Sercial (Esgana Cão), Rabo de Ovelha Only produce for still & sparkling wine
127
What style of wine is allowed in Palmela DOP?
White, red, rosado, liquoroso, Frizante, Espumoso
128
Where is located Beira Interior DOP?
Terras da Beira IGP
129
what is the historical name of the ship in Douro Valley?
Barco Rabelo
130
Where could you find Sousa?
Vinho Verde DOP
131
Where is Colares DOP?
Lisboa IGP
132
What are the sub region of Tras-os-Montes DOP?
Chaves Valpaços Planalto-Mirandes
133
Name the DOP of Lisboa
Encostas de Aire
Lourinha
Obidos
Alenquer
Torres Vedras
Arruda
Bucelas
Colares
Carcavelos
134
SQ of Dow's? (est 1877)
Quinta do Bomfim Quinta da Senhora da Ribeira (Douro Sup)
135
What are the DOP of Lisboa IGP?
- Escostas d'Aires DOP - Lourinhā DOP - Obidos DOP - Alenquer DOP - Torres Vedras DOP - Arrunda DOP - Bucelas DOP - Colares DOP - Carcaveos DOP
136
How many of the 9 Azores Island have DOP zones? What are they?
3 of them only Biscoitos & Pico: Fortified Graciosa: Dry white
137
Where could you find Chamusca?
DoTejo DOP
138
Medieval de Ourém, a specialty of Encostas d'Aire, is an example of what traditional style of wine?
Palhete (80% Fernão Pires + 20% Trincadeira)
139
Where is Carcavelos DOP? Describe its wines?
Lisboa IGP -- fermented as dry (white or red) -- sweetened with vino abafado -- aged for 2 years + 6 mth in bottle
* Tinto: Min. 75% combined Castelão and Preto Martinho (Negra Mole)
* Branco: Min. 75% combined Arinto, Ratinho, and Galego Dourado
140
what is the soil type of Dão DOP?
Granitic soil
141
What sub region of Vinho Verde DOP produced quality Alvarinho? Name 3 more sub-regions
Moncão-Melgaço
Lima, Cávado, Basto, Ave, Amarante, Sousa, Baião, Paiva
142
Where could you find Tomar?
DoTejo DOP
143
SQ of Ramos Pinto?
- Quinta do Ervamouira (10 y tawny) - Quinta do Bom Retiro (20 y tawny) - Quinta do Urtiga (VP) - Quinta do Bon Aires( VP)
144
What are the 3 region for valued Touriga Nacional in Portugal?
Dão, Douro, Alentejano
145
What wine region face Vinho verde other side of the Minho River?
THree rivers influencing vinho verde
Rias Baixas DO -- Contado do Tea & O'Rosal sub-region
Tamega / douro / minho/ lima
146
What is the minimum lees aging requirement for Vinho Espumante wines from Trás-os-Montes labeled Reserva Velha or Grande Reserva?
Reserva?
Extra-Reserva?
36mo
* Reserva: 12-24 months aging prior to disgorgement
* Extra Reserva: 24-36 months prior to disgorgement
Reserva Velha/Grande Reserva: Minimum 3 years prior to disgorgement
147
What are the style of wine produced in Algrave's DOP? From what grapes?
Branco: 70% comb Arinto, Malvasia Fina, Siria (Roupeiro) Tinto: 70% comb: Castelão, Negra Mole, Trincadeira
148
What is the DOP of Trasmontano
Tras-os-Montes DOP
149
Where could you find Borba?
Alentejo DOP
150
What style of wine is produce under Carcaveos DOP?
Vinho Licoroso: Branco & Tinto - 75% comb Arinto, Ratinho, Galego, Dourado - 75% comb: Castelaõ, Preto Martinho -- 15-22% ABV -- RS: 150 g/L -- aging: 24 mth in cask + 6 in bottle
151
Where could you find Reguengos?
Alentejo DOP
152
What style of wine are produced under DoTejo DOP?
Vinho: Tinto, Branco, Rosado
Vinho Espumante (sparkling)
Vinho Licoroso (fortified)
153
What are the 2 historical port ageing towns?
Oporto Villa Nova di Gaia
154
What is the synonym of Fernão Pires in Bairrada?
Maria Gomes
155
Where could you find Besteiros?
Dão DOP
156
What is the largest DOP of Portugal?
Vinho Verde DOP - almost 15% of the total vineyard acreage in Portugal
157
What is a Lagrima Port?
a particularly viscous, sweet style of White Port,
158
What is the minimum alcohol level for Moscatel de Sétubal?
16%
159
Where could you find Alva?
Dão DOP
160
What does "Reserva" mean on a port label?
Rubis: no specific req
Tawny or white: 6 years in oak barrel min
161
What are the ageing req for vintage port?
- Aged for a min of 2 years in oak - Must be bottled prior th 30/07/H+3 - May be sold after 1/05/H+5
162
Where could you find Moura?
Alentejo DOP
163
What are the sub-zone of Dão DOP?
- Terra Estrela - Terra de Azurara - Terra Senhorim - Alva - Besteiros - Castendo
164
What is the synonym of Graciano in Lisboa?
TInta Miuda
165
What is the sub zone of Beira Atlantico IGP?
Terras do Sico
166
What do the grapes Touriga Nacional, Touriga Franca, Tinta Barroca, & Tinta Roriz contribute to a blend?
Touriga Nacional: Blue fruit, floral aromatics
Touriga Franca: Black fruit, acidity
Tinta Barroca: Red fruit, alcohol/body
Tinta Roriz: Red or Black fruit, tannins
167
Who Manages & regulates the Port production today?
Douro Port wine Institute
168
Explain these principal soils in Madeira:
* Saibro
* Cascalho
* Pedra molle
* Massapes
* Porto Santo:
Madeira volcanic soils:
* Saibro (decomposed red tufa),
* Cascalho (stony soil)
* Pedra molle (an arenaceous soil, of decomposed yellow tufa)
* Massapes (clay resulting from the decomposition of dark tufa)
* Porto Santo: volcanic and limestone
169
**Minimum Aging Requirements for:**
**Rainwater, Vinho de Canteiro, Vino de Estufagem, Colheita, Frasqueira, Solera, Age Indication, Extra Reserve, Special Reserve, Selecciondo, Colheita (Harvest), Frasqueira, Vinho da Roda/Vinho da Torno/Vinho da Volta**
Madeira may not be sold until October 31 of the second year after the harvest.
* Rainwater: maximum age of 10 years
* Vinho de Canteiro: 2 years in wood, and may not be bottled for 36 months after the final fortification
* Vinho de Estufagem: May be bottled after 12 months from the conclusion of the estufagem process
* Colheita: May be bottled from Oct. 31 of the fifth year following the harvest
* Frasqueira: 20 years in wood
* Solera: Min. 5 years in the solera, after which 10% may be drawn off each year for a maximum of 10 additions
* **Extra Reserve:** Madeira that is 15 years of age or older (but below 20 years of age) may use this designation.
* **Special Reserve (Reserva Especial):** Madeira that is 10 years of age or older (but below 15 years of age) may use this designation. Wines of this category (and all older designations) are often made of a single noble variety, heated by the *Canteiro* method.
* **Reserve (Reserva):** Madeira that is 5 years of age or older (but below 10 years of age) may use this designation.
* **Seleccionado:** Such bottles are often labeled “Finest,” “Choice,” or “Select,” and include a blended wine that is at least 3 years old (but below five years of age). These wines are dominated by the Tinta Negra grape, heated in *Estufagem* and aged in tank rather than cask.
* **Colheita (Harvest):** Colheita Madeira is produced from a single vintage (85% minimum required) and is aged for a minimum 5 years prior to bottling. It may be a blend or a single varietal wine. Colheita offers the consumer a “vintage” Madeira without the extended cask aging, complexity, or cost of a true Vintage Madeira, or Frasqueira. The word "harvest" is sometimes used in place of Colheita but producers are not allowed to use the word "vintage" on labels.
* **Frasqueira:** Vintage Madeira aged for a minimum 20 years in cask. Frasqueira must be produced from a single "noble" variety. Since only a minimum 85% of the vintage is required, these wines are topped up with younger wines throughout the aging process. Vintage wines are produced by the *Canteiro* method and may be aged for additional time—sometimes decades—in glass demijohns after the period of cask aging. Frasqueira is the epitome of Madeira, and one of the world’s legendary and long-lived wines.
* **Vinho da Roda/Vinho da Torno/Vinho da Volta:** An exceptional rarity, wines so labeled underwent an ocean journey across the equator. Shortridge Lawton, now a brand of the Madeira Wine Company, produced wines in this traditional style as late as the early 1900s.
* Age Indication: Age is an indication of style, not the actual age or minimum age
170
Degree of sweetness in Madeira for:
Extra Dry / Dry / Medium Dry / Medium Sweet / Sweet
If grape is indicated?
* Extra-Dry: Less than 0.5 Baumé (11g RS)
* Dry: Less than 1.5 Baumé (30g RS)
* Medium Dry: 1 to 2.5 Baumé (21.4-54g RS)
* Medium Sweet: 2.5 to 3.5 Baumé (54-75g RS)
* Sweet: Above 3.5 Baumé (75g RS +)
* Sercial may be dry or extra dry
* Verdelho is medium dry
* Boal is medium sweet
* Malvasia is sweet
* Terrantez is medium dry or medium sweet
171
What % of a Madeira producers Solera may be drawn off each year?
A maximum 10% of a solera's stock may be drawn off each year, and only 10 total additions may be made to each solera. Solera wines will be bottled with the starting date of the solera, but wines added to the solera may actually be older than the original wine—a solera on Madeira often served to extend the lifespan of a particular vintage, when there was little or no wine to sell in the following year. To accomplish this, producers refreshed soleras with stocks of older, rather than younger, wines.
172
ABV req for "Reserva" wine in Douro?
white/rose: 11,5% Red: 12%
173
What does "Reserva" mean on a Portuguese still wine label?
must be at least 0,5% ABV hight than the established IGP or DOP -- For Red wine only
174
What is the ABV range for Carcavelos DOP?
15-22% ABV
175
What are the ageing req for Dão "Nobre Reserva"? "Nobre Garrafeira"
- T. Nobre Reserva: 42 mth // 12,5% ABV - T. Nobre Garrafeira: 48 mth (incl 18 mth in bottle) - B. Nobre Reserva: 12 mth // 12% ABV - B. Nobre Garrafeira: 18 mth (incl 9 mth in bottle)
176
Where could you find Lima?
Vinho Verdo DOP
177
Where could you find Amarante?
Vinho Verde DOP
178
What is the min point rating for "classe A" in Douro vineyard?
1200 point min max available: 2361
179
What style of wine of wine is Pico produced? From what GV? What are Paredes/murinhos? Currais?
dry still white
sparkling white
Fortified white wine - Verdelho - Arinto - Terrantez -- 24 mth in wood barrels / 16% ABV
Paredes/murinhos = stone walls made of volcanic rock that outline the boundaries of the Currias (vineyards) to protect them from wins.
180
What is Ribatejo?
The previous name of DoTejo DOP; Changed in 2010
181
SQ of Graham's? (est 1820)
- Quinta da Malvelos - Quinta do Tua (since 2006)
182
What are the sub-zone of Beira Interior DOP?
- Beira del Castelo Rodrigo - Cova da Beira - Pinhel
183
SQ of Ferreira? (est 1751)
- Quinta do Porto (10 y. tawny port) - Quinta do Seixo (acquired in 1979 until 2002)
184
What are the DOP for dry still wine in Acores IGP? Fortified?
Still dry: - Graciosa DOP Fortified: - Biscoitos DOP - Pico DOP
185
SQ of Nieeport (est 1842)
Quinta do Passadouro (purchased in 1991)
186
What DOP offer the best "terroir" for Castelão GV? What is the soil type?
Palmela DOP: sandy soil -- Min 66,7% req Colares DOP: "Chão rija" -- 80% Castelão min -- 18 mth in cask + 6 mth bottle
187
What is Socalcos?
Mechanisable Douro terraces on the medium slopes
188
Name some Port Producers who are on the forefront for table wine production
Nieeport Ramos Pinto (Duas Quinta) Quinta do Crasto
189
What is the other name of Trincadeira?
Tinta Amarela
190
What are the subregion of Lisboa IGP?
Estramadura & Alta Estramadura
191
What is Portuguese namer Mencia?
Jaen
192
What are the other name of Aragonez?
Tinta Roriz: Douro Valley Tempranillo: Spain
193
What is the climate of the Douro Valley?
Continental - Severe & hot summers - Cold Winters - Often freezing
194
Where could you find Granja-Amareleja?
Alentejo DOP
195
What is the most planted GV in Vinho Verde?
Loureiro
196
SQ of Martinez? (1790)
Quinta do Choussa Quinta de Eira Velha
197
What is Tinta Miuda?
Synonym of Graciano in Lisboa
198
What are the white GV of Bairrada?
Maria Gomes & Arinto
199
What is the synonym to Roupeiro GV in Alentejo?
Siria
200
Ageing req for Vinho Verde Espumoso?
9 mth OTL
201
Who is the largest producer of Setubal?
J.M. Fonseca
202
Can you name the **varieties** allowed for the production of **Lourinhã DOP**?
* **Tinto:** Cabinda
* **Branco:** Alicante Branco; Alvadurão, Marquinhas, Malvasia Rei; Tália
## Footnote
*This DOP only produces brandy wines, at 38% ABV min*
203
What is the minimum residual sugar for **Vendemia Tardivia Vinho Verde DOP**?
**45 g/L**
204
What was the first Região Demarcada in Portugal?
When this happened
* **Dão**,
* Back in 1908
205
Can you precise the minimum ageing requirement for **Espumoso** wines in **Vinho Verde DOP**
* Wines must be produced via the Traditional Method
* min 9 months of ageing on the lees
206
explain the aging terms for Tinto/rosado & Blancoin the DAO
Normale
Reserva
Garrafeira
Nobre
Nobre Reserva
Nobre Garrafeira
Tinto & Rosado 11% 8 months
Tinto & Rosado Reserva 11.5% 24 months
Tinto & Rosado Garrafeira 11.5% 36 months (including 12 months in bottle)
Tinto & Rosado Nobre 13% 36 months
Tinto & Rosado Nobre Reserva 13.5% 42 months
Tinto & Rosado Nobre Garrafeira 13.5% 48 months (including 18 months in the bottle)
Branco 11% none
Branco Reserva 11.5% 6 months
Branco Garrafeira 11.5% 12 months (including 6 in the bottle)
Branco Nobre 12% 12 months
Branco Nobre Reserva 12.5% 12 months
Branco Nobre Garrafeira 12.5% 18 months (including 9 months in the bottle)
207
Name 5 of the most important red **castas** of Dão DOP?
* Touriga Nacional
* Jaen
* Tinta Cão
* Alfrocheiro
* Aragonez
* Bastardo
* Trincadeira
* Rufete
208
What is the minimum ageing term for **Terras da Beira DOP Selecção**?
* **Branco:** 6 months
* **Tinto:** 12 months
209
What is the most important white **Casta** of **Lafoes DOP**?
* 85% combined Arinto (50% min) and Cercial
* *+ Dona Branca, Sercial, Rabo de Ovelha*
Tinto: Min. 40% Amaral, plus Jaen and Pilongo
210
What are the **red Castas** of **Lafoes DOP**?
* **40% Amaral**
* + Jaen and Pilongo
## Footnote
*Red wines must be aged for a minimum of 6 months prior to release*
211
What is the particularity of the **Beira Interior DOP** **Palhete**?
This is red wine made with up to **15% of white varieties** on the final blend.
212
Name all **varieties** allowed for the production of **Terras da Beira Selecção** wine?
* **White:** Arinto, Malvasia Fina, Siria, Bical, Tamarez
* **Red:** Aragonez, Bastardo, Rufete, Touriga Nacional, Trincadeira
213
# Explain the following:
**Medieval de Ourém**
* Style of wine only produced in Lisboa, within the **Encostas d'Aire sub-DOP**
* **Castas:** 80% Fernão Pires and 20% Trincadeira
* **Minimum ABV:** 11,5%
214
What was the first demarcated wine region in Portugal?
Dão DOP 1908
215
When was port demarcated?
1756
216
What three volumes are pipes are found in Port? What two other wine regions use them?
pipes used in the Douro Valley usually hold 550 liters, whereas pipes in Vila Nova de Gaia may often contain 620 liters. The size of a pipe used for shipping Port is set at 534.24 liters, although pipes used for shipping Madeira or Marsala are smaller.
217
What are synonyms for the following grapes: Esgana Cão, Malvasia Fina,
Malvasia Candida/Malvasia Branca de São Jorge
Sercial, Boal, Malmsy
218
What score does a vineyard nee to get from the IVDP to be considered an ‘A?’
1201
Each factor has a minimum and maximum point score associated with it, and there are a total of 2,361 points available. Vineyards that score over 1,200 are awarded an “A” grade, “B” vineyards score between 1,001 and 1,200 points, and so on through “I”—the lowest grade. A-level sites are licensed to vinify the greatest percentage of Port, whereas vineyards classified G or lower cannot even produce Port.
219
Name the three rivers of the Dao
Dao / Mandego / ceira
220
where was mutage discovered?
abbaye lamego
221
what year was kopke founded
1638
222
who first demarcated port?
DOuro wi e co.
223
what is vinhos dao roda
wines that have gone through the tora viagum proces
224
two most planted red grapes in douro
touriga franca / aragonez
225
Two most planted grapes in the DOuro DOP
touriga franca / Malvasia Fina
aragones / Fernao Pires follow
226
largest dop in portugal
vinho verde
227
two dop influeneced by the tamega river
vinho verde / tras-os-montes
228
climate of tras-os-montes
hot continental w/mediterranean inluences
229
most produced style of wie in tavor-varosa
espumante
230
what three mountain ranges influence the climate of dao
serra estrela / serra do Caramulo / Serra de Nave
231
what is the lei do terco
law of thirds in port - only one third of inventory may be sold each year
232
what is an autovinifier?
a machine in which fermenting wine is pumped over the cap by virtue of its own buildup of as
233
hat are latadas in madeira? levades
latadas are trellis trainded vineayrds / levades are irrigation channels
234
what body regulates madeira?
IBVAM wine embrodery and handicraft institute of madeira
235
what is a partidistas?
similar to the almacenita of madeira
236
explain selecciondo, reserve, special reserve, and exta reserve madeira
selecciondo: also labeled as 'finest,' 'choice,' or 'select' are a blended wine of at least three years but les than five of mostyl tinta negra and made in the estufagem style
reserve: madeira that is younger than 10 years
special reserve; between ten years and fifteen, but not older than fifteen - canteiro method
extra reserve - 15 years but below 20 (next is fraqueira)
237
what is palhete
what are currais
238
two synonyms for tora viagem
vinho da volta / vinho da torno / vinho da roda
239
Warmest modern vintage in Douro?
2022
240
Name three vine training methods in the cima corgo. Which one can't be machine harvested?
solcalcos
vinos ao alto
patamares
socalcos must be hand harvested
241
name two madeira shippers
H & H
madiera wine co
242
who makes the wine stone terraces? Name 3 port houses owned by Symnington’s.
Grahams - produced from two plots in quinta do malvedos
grahams/cockburns/warres/martinez/Quinta do Vesuvio/Smith Woodhouse/Dows
243
name four port houses owned by symingtons
Graham's
Cockburns
Martinez
vesuvio
244
In regards to madeira what is Camard de provodores
regulate the wines of madeira - tasting panel of the ivbam
245
What is the significance of Bairadinho wine
wines that are blended of local and international varieties
246
who pioneered white port? Rose port?
Kopke - white
croft - rose
247
Why is vinho verde semi sparkling?
Finishing Mali in bottle
248
What style on wine is made in Obidos DOC and why?
sparkling - montejunto mountains allow for a cooler climate to mkae base wines.
249
Why is brandy made in lourinha
moderate atlantic climate that brings mid seasons rain makes it hard to fully ripen grapes for fine production. But it does provide an ideal place to make low abv wines for distillate
250
Difference between brandy and bagaceira
bagaceira is made of pommace and not wine
251
252
What are latifundias?
Cork plantations in portugal
253
How would douro table wines be labeled prior to 1979?
Vinho de Mesa
254
What mountain range influences the Algarve?
Manchique
255
What are the names of walls that protect vineyards in Pico? What are the names of the vineyards?
Murinhos = walls
Currais = vineyards
256
What is Barro soil?
Clay lime soil in bairrada for baga
257
Why was bairrada forced to uproot all vines and when did this happen?
in the 18th century they were forced too as they were falsely blending their wines with port. THe dictator of portugal made them.
258
Bucaco wine is sourced from what two DOPs?
Dao and Bairrada
259
Who is portugal's largest producer of wine
sorgrape
260
How did portugal joining the EU effect Dao?
ended the co-op monopoly system established by the government leading to higher quality wine
261
What white and red grape must make up the majority of blends in lafoes?
Tinto: Min. 40% Amaral, plus Jaen and Pilongo
Branco: Min. 85% combined Arinto (min. 50%) and Cercial; plus Dona Branca, Sercial, Rabo de Ovelha
262
where are most table wines and tawny port wines sourcing their fruit from in Porto?
Baxo Corgo
263
average slope of the duoro
30%
264
Name two tributaries of the Duoro
Pinhao / Corgo
265
Who pioneered the first LBV port?
Quinta do Noval
266
# **
what is the duoro bake
term for wines that were aged in the douro and not in Villa nova de gaia, would prematurally materize in non-temprature controlled warehouses.
267
How does the beneficio determine how much port may be made in a year? What is a synonym for it?
Stocks and sales / morrera de fonseca
268
Are port vineyards grafted 'in situ' or ex situ?'
in situ - a rootstock is planted first then once that takes hold a scion is attahced.
269
What river influences carcavelos`
tagus
270
How is carcavelos wine made
fermented dry - fortified with aguardente - then vinho abofado (mistela)
271
what is the name of the heating box used in the estufa process
Cuba de calor
272
define finest / reserve / special reserve / extra reserve styles of madiera
the youngest component of the blend is 3 / 5 / 10 /15 years
273
Name two red grapes allowed to be bottles in the Madeira DOP
bastardo / Tinta Negra
274
May rainwater use white grapes/
yes (Negra Mole and Verdelho most common)
275
What caused a massive drop in varietally labeled and vintage madeiras
EU labeling laws in 1993 mandating 85% min of any grape or base vintage be present on wines declared as such.
276
What is unique about the fortified wines of setubal?
aged with their skins for several months in barrel
277
What is vitis silvestris
european wild gape vine - the father to vinifera
278
Prior to portugals restructuring of boundries what IGP used to house Douro?
Trasmontano
279
How is most port vinified? Name a style not vinified in this way.
auto-vinifier (compunding CO2 builds up pressure allowing for self pumpover and cap work - invented in algeria
single quinta/vintage
280
abv difference in aguardente for port and madeira
port- 77%
madeira - 96%
281
What mountain range shields the Douro form the atlantic
marao specifically
282
What cause modern port vineayrds to focus on the varieties they currently do now?
research from Cockburn and ramos pinto in the 70's to ID the best performing grapes of the region.
283
How long will port fermentation last?
2-3 days (must goes from 12-13 baume to about 6-8)
284
average grower holding in port?
.5ha
285
what is a partadista in madeira
simialr to an almacenista in spain
286
# 1.
Define the following:
levadas
letates
Poios
Estagio
levadas - irrigation trenches
letates - pergoals
Poios - terraces
Estagio - period of resting post estufagem process (3 months)
287
where are sercial and verdelho planted in madeira
north side of the island
288
what second island may make madiera wine?
porto santo - warmer/drier/sandier
289
What is vinho da roda
synonym for tora viagem
290
Name a member of the madeira wine co.
Blandys / Cossart Gordon
291
What are armazens de calor
warm rooms heated by steam to produce a better estufagem process with wines aged in oak.(this process takes about 6 months not 90 days)
292
What is sweeter abofado or surdo?
Surdo is a much sweeter mistela fortified to 20%
293
What grpaes in madeira are grown in the highest and coolest zone? Warmest and lowest?
Sercial/Verdelho
Malvasia Fina/Malvasia Candia
294
what is jerepigo / adorna
a term for a beverage made of must and aguardente / a wooden vat to age wine /
295
when did phlloxera hit madeira
1870's
296
What is Ginjinha?
Ginjinha or simply Ginja, is a Portuguese liqueur made by infusing ginja berries (sour cherry, Prunus cerasus austera, the Morello cherry) in alcohol (aguardente) and adding sugar together with other ingredients, with cloves and/or cinnamon sticks
297
villa oeiras maskes wine where?
the main producer of Carcavelos
298
Who makes the wines 'Charleston,' 'Savannah,' 'Boston,' New York,?'
Charleston Sercial
Savannah Verdelho
Boston Bual
New York Malmsey
299
what is the fruit sourcing for A Capela ?
Quinta do Noval
300
Where is Cartuxa Pêra Manca made and name two grapes used in the tinto
Alentejo - Evora - Tempranillo/Trincadiera
301
aging for colares tinto
Tinto: 18 months in wood and 6 months in bottle
302
What are Concelhos in madeira? What's the yield for the madeira DOP?
Communes in Madeira / 150hl/ha
303
Sercial madeira RS range
20-40g/L
