Germany Review Flashcards
1
Q
What Mosel bereiche is Winnigen in? What are the most famous einzellagen here? What are the soil types of the main three areas?
A
Berg-Cochem - Uhlen / Uhlen Blaufusser Lay / Uhlen Laubach / Uhlen Roth Lay
Blaufusser Lay: Blue-grey slate with clay
Laubach: Grey slate with calcareous fossils.
Roth Lay: Iron oxide red slate
EST 2018 Heymann-Lowenstein
2
Q
Name the crossing of the Perle GV? Where is it grown mostly?
A
Gewurtztraminer x Muller-Thurgau
Franken
3
Q
Where is Steinberg located? Who’s the owner?
A
Hattenheim - Rheingau – Kloster Erbach’s Ortsteil monopole
4
Q
What is the VDP Weinborse and where is it held evry year?
A
annual tasting of the VDP members that is held in Mainz in Rheinhessen in the spring (usually a preview of the current realease of the EG and GG)
5
Q
Where is Mannberg vineyard located? Who’s the owner?
A
Rheingau - Hattenheim – Von Simmern’s monopole
6
Q
Name the most important Gemeiden of the bereich Niersten? What is this area also known as?
A
Rheinterrasse:
Bodenheim / Nackenheim (most important) / Nierstein / Oppenheim / Deinheim
7
Q
Where is the junction between Mosel and Rhine river?
A
Koblenz
8
Q
Precise the crossing of the Ortega GV?
A
Muller-Thurgau x Siegerrebe
9
Q
What is “Alte Reben”?
A
old vine in german language
10
Q
How many VDP classified (Grosse/Erste Lage) vineyards are classified in Rheingau?
A
128 from the 2013 classification
11
Q
What is the soil type of the Rheingau?
A
Various: - Slate dominates the upper slopes vineyards - Lower vineyard: closer to river: Clay, Loess, Quartzite, alluvial and red slate
12
Q
Where is located “Josephshofer” vineyard?
A
Graacher and der Mosel Germany - Mosel
13
Q
What are the vineyard of Maximin Grauhaus? Which has red slate?
A
Maximin Grauhaus vineyard - Abtsberg: 14 ha - Herrenberg: 19 ha - Bruderberg: 1 Ha Ruwer - Mosel
Herrenberg
14
Q
What are the einzellage of Winkel?
A
Rheingau - Schloss Vollrads - Hasensprüng - Jesuitengarten
15
Q
What does mean “Goldtropchen”? Name some highly regarded winemakers?
A
“Droplet of gold”: Reichsgraf von Kesselstatt/ Reinhold Haart / julian haart / AJ Adam
16
Q
Where is Grafenberg vineyard located?
A
Kiedrich Rheingau
17
Q
Where is Marcobrunn situated?
A
Erbach Rheingau
18
Q
What is the Alleinbesitz of Schloss Schönborn?
A
Pfaffenberg in Hattenheim - Rheingau
19
Q
What is Trolinger?
A
- Vernasch in german language - know as Schiava in Italy – Red grape most in Wurttemberg
20
Q
Where is located “Lay” vineyard?
A
Bernakastel-Kues Mosel - Germany Dr Loosen
21
Q
Where would you find Herrenberg vineyard?
A
Mosel - Ruwer Mertesdorf Maximin Grünhaus vineyard
22
Q
What are the max RS for Erste Gawächs wines?
A
6 g/L for Spatburgender 9 g/L for Riesling Charta regulation
23
Q
What is Edelfaule?
A
Noble rot in german language
24
Q
What are the Einzellages of the Ruwer?
A
- Eistelbach: Karthauserhofberg: (monopole)
Mertesdorf: (Maximin Grunhause vineyard): Monopole of Von Schubert – Arbsberg – Herrenberg – Bruderberg
- Kasel: Nies’chen – Kehrnagel
25
Where is Jungfer vineyard located?
Hallgarten - Rheingau
26
What is the Alleinbesitz of Kloster Erbach?
Steinberg vineyard (Walled close) Hattenheim - Rheingau
27
Name some highly regarded wine producers of the Rheingau?
- August Kesseler (Assmanhaussen) - George Breuer: Rudesheim - Josef Leitz: Rüdesheim - Schloss Schönborn: Hallgarten - Franz Künster: Hocheim
28
Where / When has the Auslese been discovered?
1787 - Schloss Johannisberg
29
What is "classic" in Germany?
New denomination for halbtrocken wine
30
Where is Marcobrunn situated?
Erbach Rheingau
31
What is the alleinbesitz of Von Simmern?
Mannberg vineyard - Hattenheim / Rheingau
32
Where is Schloss Vollrads located? What is particular to its vineyard?
Rheingau - Winkel -- on of the smallest einzellage of Germany: 3 Ha (Part of the 5 exceptional vineyard out of the wine laws)
33
Name the einzellage of Hattenheim
- Pfaffenberg - Mannberg - Steinberg -- Rheingau
34
What is the crossing of the Scheurebe?
Riesling / Bukettrebe 1916
35
Why is August Kesseler famous for? Where is he located?
He is producing world class Spatburgender on the Rheingau: Assmanhaussen vineyard
36
name the Einzelage of Assmanhaussen What is it famous for?
Hollenberg Spatburgender
37
What is Terrassemosel?
Steepest slopes of the Mosel: located between Zell and Koblenz (Burg-Cochem)
38
Name the main Gemeinde of the Middlemosel (North - South)
Pünderich, Enkirch, Traben-Trarbach, Wolf, Kröv, Lösnich, **Erden, Ürzig, Zeltingen, Wehlen, Graach an der Mosel, Bernkastel-Kues, Lieser, Brauneberg,** Kesten, Wintrich, **Piesport,** Dhron, Neumagen, **Trittenheim**, Leiwen
**Bold = most important**
39
Name some Einzellage of Rudesheim? Where is it?
Rheingau - Berg Roseneck - Berg Rottland - Berg Schlossberg
40
Name the Einzellage of Eltville?
Sonnenberg Rhiengau - Langenstuck
41
Where is located Juffer Sonnenuhr
Brauneberg - Mosel
42
Could you name the tafelwein sub-regions of the Bayer? Rhein-Mosel?
_Bayern-sub regions:_
Main
Donau
Lindau
_Rhein-Mosel-sub-regions_
Rhein
Moseltal
43
What is the crossing of the Sylvaner? Give some synonym?
Savagnin(traminer) / Österreichisch weiss -- Osterreicher, Johannisberg, Zierfandl
44
What grape is issue from the Blauer Portugueiser / Blaufrankisch crossing?
Heroldrebe Made in 1926 by August Herold Parent of the Dornfelder (Hefensteiner)
45
Where is Kirchenstuck located (in Rheingau)?
Hocheim - Rheingau
46
Where is the warmer area of Germany located ?
Kaiserthul - Baden
47
What's mean "selection" in Germany?
Troken wine from an higher ripeness than classic
48
What are the einzellage of Erden? Urzig?
Prälat
Treppchen
Wurzgarten
49
name some important Gemeiden of the Bigen
whats the bereich of nahe?
Siefersheim Bingen Appenheim
Nahetahl
50
What is the alleinbesitz of Von Simmern?
Mannberg vineyard - Hattenheim / Rheingau
51
When was the VDP Created? Under what name? When does it change?
26th november 1910: Verban Deutscher Naturweinversteigerer (for nature wine / un-chaptalised) Came VDP in 1971 with the new wine law organisation
52
What are the wine ventures / Estate of Egon Muller?
- Saar: Le Gallais (monopole owner of the Braune Kupp vineyard) - Chateau Bela: Slovakia (Posavska - sturovo region) - Adelaide Hill: Kanta
53
What is the crossing of the Bukettrebe?
Sylvaner x Trollinger
54
what is "Sonnenuhr"? name them?
Sundial vineyard - Juffer Sonnenuhr (Brauneberg) - Zeltingener Sonnenuhr - Wehlener Sonnenuhr
55
What does mean "Erzeugerabfüllung" or "Gutsabfüllung"?
Erzeugerabfüllung: This term translates to "estate-bottled" or "producer-bottled." It means that the wine was produced, aged, and bottled by the same estate or producer that is named on the label. In this case, the winery takes full responsibility for the entire winemaking process, from grape cultivation to bottling. Erzeugerabfüllung is often associated with smaller, family-owned wineries or estates that have control over the entire production chain.
Gutsabfüllung: This term translates to "estate-bottled" as well but has a slightly different meaning in the context of German wine. Gutsabfüllung indicates that the wine was bottled by the estate or producer, but it may not necessarily imply that the grapes used to make the wine were exclusively sourced from the estate's own vineyards. The winery may have purchased grapes or must from other growers or vineyards, in addition to using grapes from their own vineyards, to produce the wine.
56
What is the soil type of the Berg Roseneck vineyard?
Rheingau - Rüdesheim -- Quartz base
57
Where is the Scharzhofberger vineyard located? who's the iconic producer?
Saar - Mosel Egon Muller
58
Where is located "Domprobst" vineyard?
Graacher and der Mosel Germany - Mosel
59
name some famous grosslagen of the mosel?
- Badstude (Bernkasteler) - Michelsberg (Piesporter) - St Michael (Thornicher) - Propsberg - Römerlay (Ruwer) Scharzberg (Saar)
60
Who's is the owner of Graacher Josephshofer?
Reichsgraf von Kesselstatt
61
Acolon crossing?
Blaufrankisch x Dornfelder - developed in 1971
62
Where is Hassenprüng vineyard located
Rheingau WInkel
63
When was the Erste Gewächs approved? Explain it?How was it changed in 2018?
1999 Official term (unlike the VDP) Rheingau Classification apply dry Riesling (9g/L) and PN (6g/L) 50 Hl/Ha
GG became the new top tier classification in 2018
64
What is the landwein name of the Saal-Unstrut?
Mittledeuscher
65
what are the einzellage of Piesport? What hill influences viticulture here?
- Goldtröpfchen - Domherr - Kreuzwingert (Reinhold Haart AB) - Schubertslay
\
Kestener Wald
66
What is the crossing of the Dornfelder?
Heroldrebe / Hefelsteiner 1956 by August Herold in Weinsberg
67
What is the crossing of the Neuberger?
Silvaner x Roter Veltliner
68
What is the "Stuck"?
1200L Rheingau oak vessel
69
Name the einzellage of Hattenheim
- Pfaffenberg - Mannberg - Steinberg -- Rheingau
70
Where is Schönhell vineyard located?
Hallgarten - Rheingau
71
What is the soil type of the Berg schlossberg vineyard?
Rheingau - Rüdesheim - Red Slates
72
Could you name the Landwein region of the Mosel?
Der Mosel
Der Saar
Der Ruwer
Saarlandischer
73
What are the main GV of the Mosel Region?
Riesling Elbing Muller Thurgau
74
What are the einzellage of Bernkastel? What is specific to them?
- Doctor Vineyard - Lay vineyard -- Doctor one of the 5 exceptions of the German wine law: less than 5 Ha (along with pralat and piesport schubertslay)
75
What is the crossing of the Muller Thurgau? Give an other name?
Riesling / Madeleine Royal -- 1882 by Herman Muller in Thurgau (Switzerland) -- Rizlingsilvani
76
Where is located Goldtröpfchen vineyard?
Mosel - Piesport
77
Give some synonym for the Welschriesling?
Riesling Italico: Romania
Grasevina: Croatia
78
What is Rheingauer Flöte?
Brown flute shape bottle commonly use in Rheingau
79
How is the Rheingau brown bottle called?
Rheingauer Flöte
80
Explain the location of the **Rheingau** wine region.
* Rheingau is located on the **Northern bank of the Rhine river**
* Vineyards are **south facing slopes**, sitting on fairly **steep slopes,** reflecting the light of the river down hill.
81
Where is located Pfaffenberg vineyard? Who's the owner?
Hattenheim - Rheingau Schloss Shönborn's monopole
82
What is the AP number? Explain it?
Amtliche Prüfungsnummer - Panel tasting's number assessment for pradikatswein and QbA
83
Where / When has the Einswein been discovered?
1858 - Schloss Johannisberg
84
Name some important Gemeiden of the Wonnegau (Bereich)
Westofen
(Brunnenhauschen/morstein/Kirchspiel)
Flörsheim-Dalsheim (burgel/oberer hubacker)
Monsheim Worms
85
When was Koster Erbach been established?
1132 by St Bernard des Clervain - Know as the biggest estate in Germany until 1803 Was a Burgundian branch of the cistercian monastery
86
What is the soil type of the Rheingau?
Various: - Slate dominates the upper slopes vineyards - Lower vineyard: closer to river: Clay, Loess, Quartzite, alluvial and red slate
87
Who's the iconic winemaker of the Juffer Sonnenuhr?
Fritz Haag
88
What are the Einzellage of Wiltingen? Where is it located?
Saar (Mosel) Scharzhofberger: Scharzhofberger pergentsknopp (top of the hill): Kupp
89
What is the Einzellage of Wehlen? Name a famous producer here
Sonnenuhr Joh.Jos. Prum
90
Where does the Rheingau vineyard sit?
on the Northern bank of the Rhine river (Westward through 30 km) -- Creating steeps slopes in south facing aspect
91
What is Fuder?
Mosel's barrel vessel: 1000L
92
Where is located "Himmelreich" vineyard?
Graacher and der Mosel Germany - Mosel
93
What is the monopole of Joseh Leitz?
Rudesheimer Rosengarten GG
94
What is alleinbesitz?
Monopole vineyard
95
Where is Jesuitengarten located? (in Rheingau)
Winkel
96
Name the Einzellage of Graacher and der Mosel?
- Domprobst - Josephshofer - Himmelreich
97
Where is Mannberg vineyard located? Who's the owner?
Rheingau - Hattenheim -- Von Simmern's monopole
98
Where is Jesuitengarten located? (in Rheingau)
Winkel
99
What is the soil type of the Scharzhofberger vineyard?
Grey slate
100
What is "Feinherb"?
unofficial term for medium-dry
101
Where is Hölle vineyard located?
Rheingau - Johannisberg & Hochheim
102
What are the einzellage of Hallgarten?
- Schönhell - Jungfer - Rheingau
103
Name the classic oak vessel of the Rheingau? What is its size?
Stuck 1200L
104
What is the einzellage of Erbach?
Marcobrunn
105
Where is located Neckar weinbaugebiete? Could you name its landwein?
Wurttemberg -- Schwabischer
106
What is the Bereich of the Rheingau?
Johannisberg
107
How is the Rudesheimer Berg vineyard divided into?
- Berg Roseneck - Berg Rottland - Berg Schlossberg (Rheingau)
108
What is the einzellage of Trittenheim?
Apotheke
109
What vineyard is located straight on the East to Mannberg?
Erbacher Marcobrunn
110
Where is located Treppchen?
Erden - Mosel Germany
111
Bacchus Crossing?
(Silvaner xRiesling) x Muller Thurgau developed in 1933
112
What is the soil type of the Berg Rottland vineyard?
Rheingau - Rüdesheim -- Grey slate
113
Who's the iconic winemaker of the Wurzgarten?
Dr Loosen
114
What is Domina?
Red german grape Blauer Portugeiser x Pinot Noir -- created in 1927
115
Where is Schloss Johannisberg located?
Rheingau - Johannisberg
116
What is Rotberger?
Red german crossing Trollinger x Riesling
117
What is the grape resulting from the Riesling x Trollinger crossing?
Rotberger
118
what are the quality levels of German wine?
Deutscher Wein
Landwein (PGI)
Qualitaswein (PDO) -
1. Qualitätswein
"Grosses Gewächs"
2. Qualitätswein
"Erstes Gewächs"
Pradikatwein (PDO)
119
Where is located Joh. Jos. Prum? Why is it famous for?
Wehlen - Mosel / Germany Wehlener Sonnenuhr
120
What are the einzellage of Hocheim?
Rheingau - Holle - Kirchenstuck
121
What is the goldkapsel?
wine producer with higher richness than classic style: often used for Auslese
122
What GV would you find in Rheingau?
- Riesling (85%) - Spatburgender (mainly by the Western edge - near Assmanhaussen)
123
What are the Einzellage of Joanninsberg?
Rheingau - Holle - Schloss Johannisberg
124
What is the steepest vineyard in the world?
Mosel region: Bremmer Calmont: 65° steep average Berg-Cochem bereich
125
Is Pradikatswein be chaptalised? What is the min alcohol?
No 7% 5,5 for BA, TBA and Einswein
126
What are the Bereiche of the Mosel
Moseltor Obermosel Saar Ruwer Bernkastel Berg-Cochem
127
explain "Selection" for german wine?
Must be superior dry - max RS: 9 g/L (12 g/L for Riesling) - must be a single vineyard / Single GV - at least Auslese ripeness - hand harvested - cannot be release prior 1 of September year after harvest
128
Name the difference level of the VDP's classification?
- Grosse Lage: 50 Hl/Ha / best vineyard - Erste Lage: 60 hl/Ha // First class vineyard - Orstwein: 75 Hl/Ha // Village designation - Gutswein: 75 Hl/Ha regional designation
129
What is the first vintage of the BA/TBA of thereon Muller's Wiltingener Scharzhofberger
1959
130
what is the result of Sylvaner x Trollinger crossing?
Bukettraube
131
How the slates affects the vine in the Mosel?
Heat retention through the day Well drained soil: avoid any rot pressures
132
What vineyard is located straight on the East to Mannberg?
Erbacher Marcobrunn
133
Where is located the Rausch vineyard? How much of it is classified as Grosse Lage
Saarburg - 23 ha
134
Where is located Pfaffenberg vineyard? Who's the owner?
Hattenheim - Rheingau Schloss Shönborn's monopole
135
Where / When has the Spatlese been discovered?
1785 - Schloss Johannisberg
136
Name some Alleinbesitz of the Mosel?
- Braune Kupp: Le Gallais / Egon Muller - Kartauserhofberg: Kartauserhof (Mean Cartusian) - Abstberg / Herrenberg / Bruderberg: Von Schubert - Kreuzwinngert: Reinhold Haart
Josephhoffer Kesselstadt
137
Could you name the Landwein region of the Rhein
- Rheinburgen (Mittlerhein) - Rheingaues (Rheingau) - Nahegauer (Nahe) - Rheinischer (Rheinhessen) - Pfälzer (Pfalz) - Starkenburger (Hessische-Bergstrasse) - Ahrtaler (Air)
138
What is Nobling?
Silvaner x Gutedel Crossing
139
What is the soil type of the Urziger-Würzgarten
Red volacanic soil and red slate
140
Where would you find Abtsberg vineyard?
Mosel - Ruwer Mertesdorf Maximin Grünhaus vineyard
141
What are the main river/Water body of Germany? In what regions are they located?
Rhine river: Baden, Rheinhessen, Rheingau, Mittelrhine Mosel: Mosel region Ahr: Ahr region Main: Franken Elbe: Sachen Bodensee Lake: Baden
142
What is Charta?
Official association who's promoting the dry wine on the Rhiengau - Created in 1999 - 50 Hl/Ha
143
What is the single vineyard's size regulation for the German wine laws?
5 Ha min
144
Where would you find Bruderberg vineyard?
Mosel - Ruwer Mertesdorf Maximin Grünhaus vineyard
145
Who is the iconic winemaker of Kiendrich?
Robert Weil -- Grafenberg vineyard
146
When was the German wine Law established?
1971
147
Where is Steinberg located? Who's the owner?
Hattenheim - Rheingau -- Kloster Erbach's monopole
148
Where is located "Doctor" vineyard?
Bernkastel-Kue Mosel - Germany
149
What is the warmer vineyard of the Mosel?
Erdener-Prälat
150
Name the 13 anbaugebiete
Ahr Mittlerhein Mosel Rheingau Rheinhessen Pfalz Nahe Franken Baden Württenberg Hensische-Bergtrasse Sachen Saale-Unstrut
151
What is the soil type of the mosel region? Where is the exception?
Blue Devonian slates Urzig / Erden: Red iron rich slate
152
Where is Koster Erbach located?
Rheingau - Hallgarten
153
When was Koster Erbach been established?
1132 by St Bernard des Clervain - Know as the biggest estate in Germany until 1803 Was a Burgundian branch of the cistercian monastery
154
Where is Hassenprüng vineyard located
Rheingau WInkel
155
What is the german translation for estate bottle?
"Erzeugerabfüllung" or "Gutsabfüllung"?
156
name the einzellage of Kiendrich?
Grafenberg Rheingau (Robert Weil)
157
Where is located Domherr vineyard?
Mosel - Piesport
158
Where is Holle vineyard situated?
Rheingau - Hocheim
159
Name the famous producer of Hassmanhaussen?
August Kesseler
160
What are the regulation for a Deutscher wein?
Min. potential alcohol is 5-6%, min. total acidity is 3.5 g/l, grapes must be grown in Germany.
8.5% min abv
44-50° min must
161
What is the crossing of Hefelsteiner? What grape is issue with its crossing with Heroldrebe?
Pinot Noir Précoce / Schiava Grossa 1931 by August Herold -- Dornfelder
162
What is the Alleinbesitz of Koster Erbach?
Steinberg vineyard (Walled close) Hattenheim - Rheingau
163
What is "Winzerverein"?
Wine-grower co-op
164
Where is Koster Erbach located?
Rheingau - Hallgarten
165
name the einzellage of Kiendrich?
Grafenberg Rheingau (Robert Weil)
166
what is the colour of the mosel bottle?
Green
167
Who is the iconic winemaker of Kiendrich?
Robert Weil -- Grafenberg vineyard
168
What is the northern most Anbaugebiete of Germany?
Sachen (51 of latitude)
169
What is Mariensteiner?
Riesling x Silvaner crossing
170
What is Regent?
red German developed hybrid: -- Diana x Chambourcin (american hybrid)
171
When was Charta Create?
1999
172
Where is Grafenberg vineyard located?
Kiendrich Rheingau
173
Who are the iconic winemakers of Rudesheim?
- Joseph Leitz - Georg Breuer
174
Where is located Apotheke vineyard?
Trittenheim - Mosel
175
Where is Jungfer vineyard located?
Hallgarten - Rheingau
176
Where is located Hollenberg vineyard? What direction does it face?
Assmanhaussen/West
177
when does Dr Loosen become VDP member?
1992
178
What is Weingut translate for?
Estate
179
How many GL (Grosse Late) vineyard are classified in Rheingau?
128 from the 2013 classification (currently no Erste Lage sites in the Rheingau)
180
What is Wurzer?
white german grape Gewurtztraminer x Muller-Thurgau crossing 1932
181
what is the meaning of the AP numbers?
1st: Examination board 2nd: vineyard location 3rd: bottler/Producer number 4th: bottling number 5th: year of examination (not vintage)
182
Where is Schönhell vineyard located?
Hallgarten - Rheingau
183
What is the crossing of the Kerner?
Trollinger x Riesling
184
When was the new VDP's classification system created?
2012
185
Name the crossing of the Siegerrebe?
Gewurtztraminer x Madeleine Angevine 1929
186
Who's the owner of the Braune Kupp vineyard?
Le Gallais estate Egon Muller ownership
187
What are the 2 sub-region of the Oberrhein weinland? where is it located?
- Romertor: Badischer (Landwein) - Burgengau: Taubertäler (Landwein) -- Both in Baden Anbaugebiete
188
What are the 5 smaller single vineyards in Germany
- Schloss Vollrads: Rheingau - Kirchenstuck: Pfalz - Freundstuck: Pfalz - Lay: Bernkastel - Doctor: Bernkastel
189
Where is Sonnenberg vineyard located?
Eltville - Rheingau
190
What is the monopole of Georg Breuer?
Rauenthaler Nonnenberg 5,8 Ha
191
What are the mains Gemeinden of the Rheingau?
- Assmanhaussen - Rudesheim - Geisenheim - Johannisberg - Winkel - Hattenheim - Hallgarten - Erbach - Klendrich - Eltville - Hofheim am Main
192
What are the einzellage of Brauneberg?
Juffer Juffer Sonnenuhr
193
What is the einzellage of Erbach?
Marcobrunn
194
What is Liebfraumilsh?
Cheap / Bulk production half sweet wihite wine from the Rheinhessen, Rheingau, Pfalz, Nahe - Based in Riesling, Muller Thurgau, Silvaner, Welshriesling
195
What is the min ABV content for Deutscher Wein and Landwein?
8,5% ABV 44-50° oschle
196
Where is located Fritz Haag? why is it famous for?
Brauneberg Juffer Sonnenuhr bottling
197
What are the req for Qualitatswein?
- 7% ABV min - may be chaptalised - 55-72 oschle range must be sourced from one of the 13 anbaugbiete and from authorised GV
198
Where is located Prälat?
erden - Mosel Germany
199
Where is Sonnenberg vineyard located?
eltville - Rheingau
200
Name the Einzellage of Eltville?
Sonnenberg Rhiengau
201
What are the 6 levels of pradikat? Precise their oschle ranges
- Kabinett: 70 - 85 - Spatlese: 76 - 95 - Auslese: 83 - 105 - Beernauslese (BA): 110 - 128 Trokenbeernauslese (TBA): 150-154 - Einswein: 110-128
202
What are the einzellage of Hallgarten?
- Schönhell - Jungfer Rheingau
203
What is the monopole of Georg Breuer?
Rauenthaler Nonnenberg 5,8 Ha
204
What is the monopole of Joseh Leitz?
Rudesheimer Rosengarten GG
205
Kabinett? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany?
- 70-85° Oechsle - 7% ABV - No chaptalisation
206
Qualitätswein? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany?
- 51-72° Oechsle - 7% ABV - Can be chaptalised
207
Qualitätswein "Erstes Gewächs"? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany?
Post '21 rules?
- 85/90° Oechsle - 12% ABV - 9 g/L RS: Riesling - 13% ABV - 6 g/L RS: P. Noir -- first legal vintage: 1999
Max 60 hl/ha from flat growing areas. Max 70 hl/ha from steep slopes.
min abv 11%
208
"Spätlese"? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany?
76-95° Oechsle 7% ABV No Chaptalisation
209
"Auslese"? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany?
88-105° Oechsle 7% ABV No Chaptalisation
210
"Beerenauslese"? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany?
110-128° Oechsle 5,5% ABV No Chaptalisation
211
"Trockenbeerenauslese"? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany?
150-154° oechsle 5,5% ABV No Chaptalisation
212
"Eiswein"? Min Must weight / ABV in Germany? Min
- 110-128° Oechsle - 5,5% ABV - No Chaptalisation - harvested at -7°C min
213
What river runs through Nahe Region? Where is it?
Western germany - Western border of the Rheinhessen border -- Nahe River
214
name some major Villages of the Nahe Region? (North to South)
- Bad Kreuznach - Bad Münster am Stein - Traisen - Norheim - Niederhaussen - Oberhaussen - Schlossböckelheim - Bockenau
215
What are the main varieties of the Nahe Region? Red and White?
Wh: - Riesling (1100 Ha) - Müller Thurgau (530 Ha) Red: - Dornferlder (448 Ha) - Spätburgender (270 ha)
216
Name some leading producers of the Nahe region?
- Hermann Dönnhoff: Oberhaussen - Emrich-Schönleber: Monzingen - Schlossgut Diel: Burg Layen - Schäfer-Fröhlich: Bockenau - Dr. Crusius (Traisen)
217
What are the 2 alleinbesitz of the Nahe?
- Oberhaussen Brücke: Hermann Dönnhoff (1 Ha) - Niederhaussen Hermannsberg: Gut Hermannsberg (5.5 Ha)
218
Name 2 GL of Norheim (Nahe)
- Kirschheck - 2 ha - Dellchen - 1,2 Ha
219
Name 3 Grosse Lage of Niederhaussen (Nahe)
-klamm 15.85ha - Hermannshöhle - 8.81 Ha - Hermansberg - 5,5 Ha
220
"Hermansberg" vineyard Location, village, size?
Nahe Region (Germany) Niederhaussen 5.51Ha Alleinbesitz of Gut Hermannsberg
221
"Hermannshöhle" vineyard? Location, village, size?
Nahe Region (Germany) Niederhaussen 8.81 Ha
222
Grosse Lage of Oberhaussen? (Nahe)
- Brücke - 1 Ha (Alleinbesitz of Dönnhoff) - Leistenberg - 1,6 Ha
223
"Brücke" vineyard? Producer, location?
Nahe Region (Germany) Oberhaussen Alleinbesitz of Dönnhoff
224
Grosse Lage of Schlossböckelheim ? (Nahe)
- Felsenberg: 6,46 Ha - Kupfergrube: 13,21 Ha
225
"Felsenberg" vineyard? Location, size
Grosse läge of Schlossböckelheim (Nahe region) 6,46 Ha
226
"Kupfergrube" vineyard? Location, size?
Grosse Lage of Schlossböckelheim (Nahe Region) 13,20 Ha
227
Grosse Lage of Bockenau? (Nahe)
Felseneck 6,43 Ha
228
"Felseneck" vineyard? Location, size
Bockenau Nahe Region (Germany)
229
Name some Grosselage of the Name region?
- Schlosskapelle - Pfarrgarten - Kronenberg - Burgweg - Paradiesgarten - Rosengarten
230
What are the 3 Bereich of the Rheinhessen?
- Nierstein - Bingen - Wonnegau
231
Name the important villages of the Nierstein Bereiche (North to South)
- Bodenheim - Nackenheim - Nierstein - Oppenheim - Dienheim
232
Name some important villages of the Bingen (Bereiche)?
- Siefersheim holleberg/heerkretz - Bingen - Appenheim
233
Name some important villages of the Wonnegau Bereiche?
- Westhofen - Flörsheim-Dalsheim - Dittelsheim - Monsheim - Worms
234
What are the most largest varieties grow in Rheinhessen?
Wh: 70% - Riesling: 4,200 Ha - Müller-Thurgau: 4,200 Ha - Silvaner: 2,300 Ha - Grauburgunder: 1,350 Ha Red: 30% - Dornfelder: 3,550 Ha - Portugieser: 1,400 Ha - Spatburgunder: 1,400 Ha
235
What are the 2 most planted red varieties of the Rheinhessen?
1- Dornfelder 2- Portugieser
236
Name some leading producers of the Rheinhessen?
- Keller: Flörsheim-Dalsheim - Kühling-Gillot: Bodenheim - Wagner Stempel: Siefersheim - Wittmann: Westhofen - Gunderloch: Nackenheim
237
What is the oldest vineyard name in Germany? Where from?
Niersteiner Glöck (Rheinhessen) -- Monopole vineyard of Domaine Oppenheim Name appeared in 742 AD in books
238
What are the 3 Alleinbesitz in Rheinhessen?
- Ingelheimer Schloss Westerhaus (Gut Schloss Westerhaus) - Nierstein Brudersberg: St Antony (Roter Hang vineyard) - Nierstein Glöck: Domäne Oppenheim (oldest vineyard site of Germany)
239
Alleinbesitz of St Antony? Where is it located?
(Rheinhessen) Niersteiner Brudersberg 1 Ha within the Roter Hang vineyard
240
Alleinbesitz of the Domäne Oppenheim? Where and what particularity?
Niersteiner Glöck (Rheinhessen) 2 Ha -- Oldest vineyard name in Germany (back to 742 AD)
241
Grosse Lage of Bodenheim?
Burgweg 41 Ha (Rheinhessen)
242
Grosse Lage of Nierstein? (6)
- Brudersberg (Monopole St Antony) - Pettenthal - Hipping - Glöck - Orbel - Öelberg
243
Grosse Lage of Nackenheim?
Rothenberg 15 Ha (Rheinhessen)
244
Where is the Roter Hang located? What does it mean?
Eastern Rheinhessen. Translate by Red Slope (from the color of the slate) Stretch from Nackenheim to Oppenheim
245
What is the Rheinterrasen?
Eastern Rheinhessen On the right bank of the Rhine river
246
Einzellage of Oppenheim?
(Rheinhessen) - Sackträger: 20 Ha - Herrenberg: 39 Ha
247
Einzellage of Westhofen?
(Rheinhessen) - Morstein: 144 Ha - Kirchspiel: 44 Ha - Aulerde: 96 Ha - Brunnenhäuschen: 30 Ha absterde
248
Name the Gereiche of the Baden (North to South)
- Tauberfranken - Badische-Bergtrasse - Kraichgau - Ortenau - Breisgau - Kaisertuhl - Tuniberg - Markgräferland - Bodensee
249
Principal grape varieties of the Baden?
Red (42%): - Spätburgunder White (57%) - Muller Thurgau - Grauburgunder - Weissburgunder - Riesling - Gutedel (Chasselas)
250
What is the second name of the Gutedel in Baden,?
Chasselas
251
Name some leading procurers of the "Baden"?
- Bernhard Huber (Malterdingen) - Andreas Laible (Durbach) - R. and C. Schneider (Endingen) - Salwey (Oberrotweil)
252
name the monopoles of Burg Ravensburg (Baden) Precise their grapes
- Sulzfeld Husarenkappe: Riesling - Sulzfeld Löchle: Pinot Noir - Sulzfeld Dicker-Franz: Blaufränkisch -- within the Bereiche of Kraichgau (Baden)
253
Owner of "Sulzfeld Husarenkappe" vineyard?
Burg Ravensburg - Riesling -- Kraichgau - Baden
254
Owner of "Sulzfeld Löchle" vineyard?
Burg Ravensburg - Pinot Noir -- Kraichgau - Baden
255
Owner of the "Sulzfeld Dicker-Franz" vineyard?
Burg Ravensburg - Blaufranckisch -- Kraichgau - Baden
256
Owner of the "Michelfeld Himmelberg" vineyard? Where?
Gut Hoensbroech - Baden
257
Monopole Vineyard of Weingut Hensbroech?
"Michelfeld Himmelberg" - Baden
258
What is the name of the particular soil of the Baden?
Stubersand mix of volcanic debris and sandstone
259
What is "Stubersand"
Special sand soil of the Baden: mix of volcanic debris and sandstone
260
What is the smallest Bereiche of the Baden?
"Tuniberg"
261
When Blaufrankisch arrived in Germany? Where?
1600's within the Baden Region
262
What is the Einzellage of Kallstadt? Where is it?
"Saumagen" vineyard Within the Pfalz region -- Mittelhaart Deutsche Weinstrasse bereiche
263
Bereiche of the Pfalz?
- Südliche Weintrasse - Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse
264
"Saumagen" vineyard? Location?
Pfalz - Mittelhaardt Deutsche Weintrasse -- Kallstadt
265
Grapes allow in DC (Districtus Controllatus) Pfalz?
"Distritus Controllatus" - Riesling - Grauburgunder - Spätburgunder - Weissbugunder - Dornfelder -- Minimum Alcohol: 12%
Wines must be dry
266
What are the regulations for DC Pfalz? What does it mean?
"Distritus Controllatus" - Riesling - Grauburgunder - Spätburgunder - Weissbugunder - Dornfelder -- Wines must be dry -- min 12% ABV
267
Monopole vineyard Fitz-Ritter? Where?
"Bad-Dïrkheim Abtsfronhof" - Located within the Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weinstrasse in Pfalz
268
owner of "Bad-Dïrkheim Abtsfronhof" vineyard?
Fitz-Ritter 3 Ha Pfalz
269
Monopole vineyard of Dr Bürklin-Wolf?
- "Ruppertsberg Gaisböhl" - "Wachenheim Reichbächel"
270
owner of "Ruppertsberg Gaisböhl"?
Bürklin-Wolf 7 Ha - Pfalz Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse
271
owner of "Wachenheim Reichbächel" vineyard?
Bürklin-Wolf - Pfalz Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse
272
Monopole vineyard of Fitz-Ritter?
"Bad-Durckheim Abtsfronhof" Pfalz
273
owner of "Bad-Durckheim Abtsfronhof" vineyard?
Fitz-Ritter - Pfalz Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse
274
Monopole vineyard of Muller Catoir?
* "Haart Bügergarten"
* Pfalz
* 19 Ha
275
owner of the "Haart Bügergarten" vineyard
* Muller Catoir Pfalz 19 Ha
* Pfalz
276
Einzellage of Forst ?
- Kirchenstück: 4 Ha - Freundstück: 4 Ha - Pechstein: 17 Ha - Jesuitengarten: 7 Ha - Ungeheuer: 33 Ha
277
Location of "Pechstein" vineyard?
Forst - Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse -- Pfalz Germany
278
Location of "Jesuitengarten" vineyard?
Forst - Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse -- Pfalz Germany
279
Location of "Freundstück" vineyard?
Forst - Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse -- Pfalz Germany
280
Location of "Kirchenstück" vineyard?
Forst - Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse -- Pfalz Germany
281
Location of "**Ungeheuer**" vineyard?
* _Gemeinden_: Forst
* _Bereich_: Mittlehaardt Deutsche Weintrasse
* _Anbaugebeite_: Pfalz
* _country_: Germany
282
What are the bereich of the **Baden**?
North to south
* Tauberfranken
* Badische-Bergstrasse
* Kraichgau
* Ortenau
* Breisgau
* Kaiserstuhl
* Tuniberg
* Markraferland
* Bodensee
283
What is the **southernmost** Bereich of the **Baden** region?
**Bodensee**
284
Name the vineyards of the Deidesheim
Hohenmorgen
Ha
285
Min ABV/Must Weight/Other Requirements of
* Deutscher Wein
* Land Wein
* Qualitatswein
* Qualitatswein 'Grosses Gewachs'
* Qualitatswein 'Erstes Gewachs'
* Kabinett Prädikatswein
* Spätlese Prädikatswein
* Auslese Prädikatswein
* Beerenauslese Prädikatswein
* Eiswein Prädikatswein
* Trockenbeerenauslese Prädikatswein
* Deutscher Wein: 44-50° / 8.5% / Min. potential alcohol is 5-6%, min. total acidity is 3.5 g/l, grapes must be grown in Germany
* Land Wein: 47-55° / 8.5% / Grapes must be grown in one of 26 regions (Landweingebiete); must be trocken or halbtrocken in style
* Qualitatswein: 51-72° / 7% / Must be produced from approved varieties sourced from a single anbaugebiet, may be chaptalized
* Qualitatswein 'Grosses Gewachs:' 85-90°/12-13% / harvested at a max. 50 hl/ha and aged prior to release. Maximum residual sugar for Pinot Noir is 6 g/l and 9 g/l for Riesling. The first legally approved vintage for this category was 1999 (frrom 99-2019 it was called Erstes Gewachs)
*Qualitätswein
"Erstes Gewächs" Max 60 hl/ha from flat growing areas. Max 70 hl/ha from steep slopes. min aabv 11%
* Kabinett Prädikatswein: 70-85° / 7% / No chaptalization.
* Spätlese Prädikatswein: 76-95° / 7% / No chaptalization.
* Auslese Prädikatswein: 83-105° / 7% / No chaptalization.
* Beerenauslese Prädikatswein: 110-128° / 5.5% / No chaptalization.
* Eiswein Prädikatswein: 110-128° / 5.5% / No chaptalization. Grapes must be harvested when temperatures are no higher than -7° C.
* Trockenbeerenauslese Prädikatswein: 150-154° / 5.5% / No chaptalization.
286
Name the gU of Winningen Uhlen, what year were they established?
2018
N-S: Rothlay, Laubach, Blaufusser Lay
287
name the gU of Franken, when were they established?
Bürgstadt-Burg: located in the Mainviereck
Würzburger Stein-Burg: located in the Maindreieck
est. 2016
288
Name the gU of Nahe, est when?
Monzinger Niederberg
est. 2018 (Emrich-Schönleber sole producer)
289
Define the term 'gU"
The Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO or gU – geschützte Ursprungsbezeichnung – in German)
290
Define Erzeugerabfullung
grown and produced by the same grower or cooperative
291
Define: Flurbereinigung, Handgerrutelt, Gerbstoff
restructuring of german vineyards / Hand Riddled / Tannin
292
Name the most famous producer of the Doktor Vineyard
Markus Molitor/wegeler/thanisch
293
If you were drinking a wine labeled 'Badstube' where in Germany would that wine be from and what grape would it be made of?
Mosel - Bernkastel - Riesling
294
Name the 3 most famous producer of the Juffer Sonnenuhr
Fritz Haag / Markus Molitor / Max Ferd Richter / Schloss Lieser
295
What are the two most planted white grapes in Baden?
Müller Thurgau: 2,559 ha
Grauburgunder: 1,896 ha
296
If you were drinking wine from the Bereiche 'Starkenburg' what Anbaugebeite in Germany would you be drinking wine from?
Hessische-Bergstrasse
297
What anbaugebeite has:
* The most riesling planted
* The most acres planted
* Pflaz Riesling: 5,737 ha
* Rheinhessan
298
**Flurbereinigung**
Restructuring of German vineyards.
299
**Flaschengärung**
Bottle-fermented Sekt
300
**Erzeugerabfüllung**
Grown and produced by the same grower or cooperative.
301
**Biologische Sãureabbau**
Malolactic fermentation
302
**Grosser Ring:**
Mosel growers association.
303
**Badisch Rotgold**
A *rotling* from the Baden region. Made from Grauburgunder (min. 51%) and Spatburgunder grapes. Composition must be declared on label.
304
**Anreicherung**
Broad term for sweetening must before or during fermentation. Whereas chaptalization means the addition of sugar only, enrichment also includes the addition of grape must, concentrated grape must, and RCGM.
305
**Amtliche Prüfungsnummer**
Commonly referred to as the AP number; a quality control number on all QbA and QmP wines. The number contains the Exam Board number, commune number, producers registered number, an application number and the year of the application. Some producers use the application number as a sequential indication of sweetness.
306
**Füder**
1,000-liter cask common in the Mosel.
307
Handgerüttelt
Hand-riddled
308
**Schielerwein**
*rotling* from Württemburg or Sachsen
309
**Spontangärung**
Wines made by spontaneous fermentation versus wines inoculated by cultured yeasts. The former has an earthiness versus the cleaner fruit-forward smells of selected yeasts.
310
**Trocken**
Dry; generally 4 g/L or less but residual sugar but can be up to 9 g/l if total acidity is within 2 g/l of total residual sugar
311
**Weissherbst**
Rosé from a single variety of red grape.
312
**Wurzelecht**
Ungrafted.
313
Mittelrhein Riesling Charter (MRC)
**Classification:**
* **Handstreich:**"Coup"
* max. 11% abv
* max. 89° Oe.
* TA:RS ratio - 1:3\*
* **Felsenspiel:**"Rock Game"
* max. 12.5% abv
* max. 95° Oe.
* TA:RS ratio - 1:2\*
* **Meisterstück:**"Masterpiece"
* min. 12.5% abv
* min. 95° Oe.
* max. 9 g/L RS
* TA must be within 2 g/L of RS
* \* For example if total acidity (TA) is 8 g/L, residual sugar (RS) must be around 24 g/L
314
Min abv for **Districtus Controllatus (DC) Pfalz**
12%
Varieties: Riesling, Grauburgunder, Spätburgunder, Weissburgunder, Dornfelder
Wines must be dry
315
*Ortsteil?*
in German wine law, meaning a vineyard site in and of itself. Wines from the estate vineyards need not carry the name of a town in conjunction with a vineyard site and are simply labeled as “Schloss Vollrads.” Only a handful of other sites in Germany are afforded that status.
316
Kepellenberg and Seligmacher are einzellagen where? Producer?
Lorch & Lorchhausen / Eva Fricke
317
2010-2019 best vintages / worst vintages (why? frost rain? etc.)
Best: '11 (frost) / '15 / '16 (wet/hail/no botrytis) / '18 / '19 (sunburn/some hail/no icewine made never cold enough)
Good: '10 (hail, rain, saved by October) / '12 (wet/rot/not much botrytis - skins were too thick) / '17 (loads of frost/good botrytis wines made)
Worst: '13 (rain - some good botrytis wine was made) / '14 (wet and warm)
318
2020-2023 vintages
'20 sunburn and heat but good wines made
'21 wet and full of frost and floods but saved by september/october
'22 warm with sunburn and heat but very good
319
rate the 2021 vintage in ahr 1-5
1 - flood vintage from mudslides that destroyed almost everything
320
how must Riesling be made in the Ahr from a grosse lagen? What one may make riesling?
sweet wine only / altenahr eck
321
What does a goldkapsule bottling indicate in the Ahr?
to indicate a riper style of dry pinot noir
322
climate of the ahr?
moderate Mediterranean (forested hills in the north block cool winds)
323
name the bereiche and grosselage of Ahr
Bereiche: Walporzheim-Ahrtal
Grosslagen: Klosterberg
324
What is the source of the mosel?
Vosges mountains in France
325
where would you find the pergentskopf?
GL at the top of Scharzhoffberg with its own name
326
what is the typical elevation of the middle mosel
200-300m
327
what is unique about treppchen?
red/blue/grey slate all here
328
how are the steepest sites of the mosel worked?
monorail
329
name a GL of the lower nahe
Dorsheim Goldloch
330
what mountains influence nahe and make it the driest anbaugebeite
hunsruck hills
331
The Prussian government vineyard classification of what future anbaugebiete led to the creation of the first staatsweingut estate and the establishment of some this area's greatest modern einzellage?
Nahe - later became the estate 'Gut Hermannsberg' once it sold to private ownership
332
what bank are the nest vineyards of nahe on?
left facing south
333
What estate was founded by cistercian monks in Germany as a rival estate to 'Clos Vougeot?'
Kloster Eberbach
334
what shelters rheingau from the north?
taunus range
335
name three ortsteil of rheingau
schloss vollrads / schloss johannisberg / steinberg (kloster eberbach)
336
where does the term hock come from?
Hochheim in rheingau
337
where is message in a bottle? name two members
rheinhessen - wittman/seehof/keller/dreissegracker
338
what producer based in rheinhessen is known for sekt?
Volker Raumland florsheim-dalsheim
339
what gemeinde is roter hang in? exposuere?
nackenheim (sandstone/limestone with iron oxide over it) south and southwest
340
soil of wonnegau
limestone
341
Name two great botrytis vintages in Germany between 2010-2019
2010 / 2011 (the best) / 2017 / 2018
342
Between 2018-2023 what is the warmest vintage on record in Germany?
2022
343
Name two great botrytis vintages between 2000-2009. 1990-1999
2001 / 2005
1990 / 1998
344
Name a GL of pflaz located in France
Schweigen Sonnenberg (contains the Lieux dits of Rädling, Kammerberg, Sankt Paul- fruit from here is also used in crémant d'Alsace)
345
What is the name of the large wine fair held in the Pflaz every year
Durkheimer Wurstmarket - biggest wine festival in the world
346
Organize from north to south
Ruppertsberg Gaisbohl
Forster Kirchenstuck
Laumersheim Kirschgarten
Kallstadt Saumagan
Laumersheim Kirschgarten
Kallstadt Saumagan
Forster Kirchenstuck
Ruppertsberg Gaisbohl
347
which anbaugebiete makes the highest proportion of red wine?
Ahr followed by Baden (who makes the most by volume)
348
349
where would you find the producers fritz keller, bernard huber, and Ziereisen
Baden (Huber known for pinot and chard)
350
what is Rulander?
pinot gris in baden (usually sweet)
351
WHat is the most prized red grape of wurttemburg?
Lemberger from the Felbacher Lammern
352
name an anbaugebiete classified as Zone B by the EU vineyard climate classification
baden - only one
353
why are the best vineyards of baden on the higher slopes/higher elevation
As an aeolian sediment (one transported by wind), loess is naturally loose-structured; because of this, it has sponge-like qualities, so it absorbs rainwater (preventing flooding) and steadily releases it over time (preventing drought). Importantly, it also has naturally good aeration, essential for the development of strong vine roots and for the overall microbial health of the soil system.
Today, the finest Kaiserstuhl wines come from the higher vineyards, where thinner, less-compacted soils have retained their beneficial properties and also allow the vine roots to access the mineral-rich volcanic rock below.
354
name two anbaugebiete that use bocksbeutels
baden/franken
355
name an abaugebiete that may make likorwein
Franken
356
name three grapes produced at the wurzburg steinberg GL
Riesling/sylvaner/weissburgunder
357
what beers are from the following cities:
leipzig
munich
dortmund
bamberg
leipzig: gose
munich: helleslager
dortmund: export lager
bamberg: rauschbier
358
what is the grape of the birkweiler mandelberg
weissburgunder
359
What soil is "Buntsandstein?" "schiffer terrassen ?" "Vorlese?" "Lay?"
sandstone - pfalz
slate terraces
green harvesting
slate
360
what is the most produced style of baden
still dry white wine
361
what is the origin of the mosel
Col de Bussang in the Vosges is the origin for the Mosel River.
362
what is a gewanan
single parcel in an einzellage
363
what is the smallest einzellage of the mosel that may label as its name
piesport kreuzingwert (.09ha)
364
what is the least planyed anbaugebiete
Heissiche bergstrasse
365
most planted grape of wurrtemberg
Trollinger
366
waht is the most famous berieche of mittlerhein where the GL's are
Loreley
367
highest elevation vineyards in germany
baden - south near switzerland
368
What is Pendelbogen
Pendelbogen (aka European Loop or Arch-Cane) is a training system that is used in Germany and Austria as well as the Northwest of the US. It offers the advantages of easy tying and of condensing the number of shoots. A variant of the Guyot Double system, it promotes better sap distribution with more fruit-bearing shoots consolidated on the center buds.
better sap flow and frost prevention from the bent canes
369
what percent of german wine is made dry now
a little over 50%
370
what is vdp langensekt
single vineyard sekt
371
What is trester?
pommace brandy
372
What is Keuper and budenstein?
Clay-marl stone / sandstone
373
Main soil of Pfalz
limestone
374
What river finds its origin at the col de bussaing
mosel
