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MS/Advanced Somm Studies > Northern Spain > Flashcards

Northern Spain Flashcards

1
Q

What is Vino Tostado?

A

Sweet wine produced by air dried grapes in Ribeiro DO and Valdeorras

Ribeiro:

Only recommended grape varieties permitted
Min. must weight of 350 g/l
Drying process for grapes must last a min. of 3 months
Min. residual sugar: 120 g/l

Vino Tostado: min. 6 months in oak or cherry cask and at least 3 months in bottle
Wines labelled “Barrica” must spend at least a portion of their maturation in casks no larger than 600 Liters

  • Vino Tostado Blanco: Treixadura, Loureiro, Torrontés, Albariño, Godello
  • Vino Tostado Tinto: Caiño, Ferrón, Brancellao, Mencía, Sousón

Valdeorras:

Vino Tostado:
Grapes must be dried for a minimum of 90 days
Max. yields: 40 liters per 100 kg grapes

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2
Q

When was Bierzo DO established?

A

1989

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3
Q

What are the sub-regions of Rias Baixas DO? (North to South)

A

Ribeira do Ulla Val do Salnes Soutomaior Contado do Tea O’Rosal

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4
Q

What is the river of Cigales DO?

A

Pisuerga River

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5
Q

What are the DO along the Duero River?

A

Ribera del Duero Rueda Toro Tierra de Zamora Arribes

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6
Q

Who founded Vega Sicilia? When?

A

Don Eloy Lecanda y Chaves in 1864

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7
Q

What are the req for O’ Rosal sub-zone

A

must be at least 70% combined Albariño & Loureiro

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8
Q

What is the max barrel size for the maturation of the Crianza / Reserva / Gran Reserva wines in Ribera? Rioja?

A

330L / 225L

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9
Q

What are ABV req of Monterrei DO?

A
  • White: 11% ABV for classic - White Barrica & ageing req: 11,5% ABV - Red: 11% ABV for Classic - Red Barrica + Ageing req: 12% ABV
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10
Q

What are the VCIG of Castilla y Leon?

A
  • Sierra de Salamanca
  • Valles de Benavente
  • Valtiendas
  • Cebreros
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11
Q

name some highly regarded villages of RdD?

A

Peñafel

Aranda del Duero

San Esteban de Gormaz

Pesquera del Duero

Quintanilla (pingus)

Roa de Duero

La Horra

Pedrosa

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12
Q

What are the DO of Galicia, and their subzones where applicable? styles of wine amde in each?

A

- Rias Baixas (W/RE/Spark): min abv for Albarino is 11.3%, Blanco barrica is aged a min of 3 months in wood

  • Val do Salnés/Ribeira do Ulla: min. 70% recommended white grapes
  • O Rosal: min. 70% combined Albariño and Loureira
  • Condado do Tea: min. 70% combined Albariño and Treixadura

-Ribeiro (w/re/tostado/spark/castes): (no subzones but makes vino tostado aged a min of 6 months in oak or cherry and 3 in bottle, see additional requirements below)

  • Only recommended grape varieties permitted
  • Min. must weight of 350 g/l
  • Drying process for grapes must last a min. of 3 months
  • Min. residual sugar: 120 g/l
  • Ribeira Sacra (w/re/summ/ro) : (summum means 85% princ grapes)
  • Amandi
  • Chantada
  • Ribeiras do Mino
  • Ribeiras do Sil
  • Quiroga-Bibei
  • Valdeorras: (w/re/castes nobles/spark/tostado) Where varietal Godello (100%) and varietal Mencia (85%) are prominate. Castes Nobles means 85% pref grapes
  • Monterrei: (w/re) Godello, Mencia, and Marenzao (Trousseau/Bastardo)
  • Vall de Monterrei
  • Ladera de Monterrei
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13
Q

What is the first vintage of Dominio de Pingus? Who’s producing it?

A

1995 Peter Sisseck La Horra Tempranillo french oak barrel rather than US

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15
Q

Can Rias Baixas DO produce some red wine? Precise the GV

A

Yes Recommended GV: Caiño Tinto, Espadeiro, Loureira Tinta, Sousón Authorized: Mencía, Brancellao

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16
Q

Name some leading winemakers of Ribera del Duero?

A
  • Vega Sicilia - Pesquera - Peter Sisseck: Dominio de Pingus - Bodega Hermano
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17
Q

Where is Rias Baixas?

A

Galicia - Spain

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18
Q

What is the partnership between Vega Sicilia and Rothschild family?

A

Macan: Rioja Located in San Millán

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19
Q

What DO of Castilla y Leon are not moderated by the Duero River

A

Bierzo

Cigales

Terra de Leon

Arlanza (arlanza river)

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20
Q

What is the climate of Rueda DO?

A

flat highland (700-800m): – long & cold winters – short springs: spring frost – dry & hot summers

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21
Q

What are the ageing req for Toro DO

A

Only available for Tinto wines Crianza: 2 years, inc 6 mth in oak Reserva: 3 years, inc 12 mth in oak Gran Reserva: 5 years, inc 18 mth in oak (max 330L)

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22
Q

What style of wine are produced in Rueda DO? From what GV?

A
  • Blanco: min. 50% principal varieties
  • Rosado: min. 50% authorized red varieties
  • Tinto: exclusively from authorized varieties
  • Vino Espumoso: min. 75% principal white varieties
  • Vino Espumoso Rosado: min. 50% principal red varieties
  • Rueda Palido (Pale): 100% combined Palomino Fino and/or Verdejo (fortified)
  • Rueda Dorado (Golden): 100% combined Palomino Fino and/or Verdejo (fortified)

White Grapes:

Principal: Verdejo, Sauvignon Blanc

Authorized: Viura, Palomino Fino, Viognier, Chardonnay

Red Grapes:

Authorized: Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Garnacha Tinta, Syrah.

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23
Q

What are the red GV of Monterrei DO?

A

Min 60% Recommended Red Grapes

Recommended: Mencia, Merenzao (Bastardo/Trousseau)

Authorized: Caiño Tinto, Sousón, Araúxa (Tempranillo)

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26
Q

What is the climate of Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Slightly more continental than Rias Baixas, with maritime influences

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28
Q

When the Arribes DO has been established?

A

2007

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29
Q

What is the soil type of Cigales DO?

A

Clay base with pebbles sub-soil (similar to CdP)

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30
Q

When was the DO established in Cigales?

A

1991

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31
Q

What does mean VCIG in Spain?

A

Vinos de Calidad con Indicación Geográfica Is a step between Vino de la Tierra, and application to be DO

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33
Q

What are the DO of Castilla y Leon Autonomia?

A
  • Arlanza DO - Arribes DO - Bierzo DO - Cigales DO - Ribera del Duero DO - Tierra de León DO - Tierra del Vino Zamora DO - Toro DO - Rueda DO
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34
Q

What are the red GV of Ribeira Sacra? percentages?

A

Two tinto styles

  • min. 70% Mencia
  • Súmmum: 85% principal grapes

Principal: Mencía, Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto

Authorized: Garnacha Tintorera, Mouratón, Tempranillo

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35
Q

what is the western most DO of Castilla y Leon?

A

Arribes DO: along the Portuguese Border

  1. Blanco: min. 60% Malvasía
  2. Rosado: min. 60% recommended red varieties, plus other white and/or red varieties
  3. Tinto: min. 60% recommended red varieties

Blanco:

  • Recommended: Malvasía
  • Authorized: Verdejo, Albilla

Tinto:

  • Recommended: Juan García, Rufete, Tempranillo
  • Authorized: Mencía, Garnacha

Min ABV

Blanco/Rosado/Tinto: 11.5%

Tinto Crianza/Reserva/Gran Reserva: 12.2%

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36
Q

Where is located Fariña winery?

A

Toro DO Dama de Toro Reserva (prestige cuvee) – 100% Tinto de Toro

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37
Q

Where is Olivier Riviere Located?

A

Rioja

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38
Q

What is Dorado?

A
  • fortified wine produced in Rueda. - - Must be aged in oak barrel for 2 years - 4 years total (showing oxidised character) Min 15% ABV 100% combined palomino fino and/or verdejo
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39
Q

What is “Castes Nobles”?

A

wine style from Valdeorras DO made with min 85% of recommend GV - White or red

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40
Q

Where is Ribeiro DO?

A

Galicia - Spain

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42
Q

What style of wine is Toro DO? GV?

A

Blanco: 100% authorized white grape

Rose: 100% authorized red/white grapes

Tinto: - 75% Tinto del Toro or a min 85% Garnacha

Blanco

Rec: Verdejo, Malvasia

Auth: Albillo Real, Muscat BPG

Tinto:

Recommended: Tinta de Toro (Tempranillo)

Authorized: Garnacha

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43
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Bierzo DO

A

Castilla y Leon - Spain

  • Blanco: Doña Blanca, Godello + Malvasia, Palomino
  • Rosado: 70% authorized red varieties
  • Tinto: 85% authorized red varieties plus authorized white grapes
  • Vino Clarete: 40%-60% red grapes plus authorized white grapes, grapes do direct to press except 5 to 10% destemmed grapes which are included in fermentation.

Authorized Grapes:

  • Blanco: Doña Blanca, Godello, Malvasía Riojana, Palomino
  • Tinto: Mencía, Garnacha Tintorera, Esaldiña, and/or Merenzao
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44
Q

what is the smallest sub-region of Rias Baixas DO?

A

Soutomaior

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45
Q

Explain sparkling wines from Rueda?

A
  • Made by traditional method, with 9 mth ageing OTL (On the Lees) -
  1. 75% Principal white grapes for blanco and
  2. 50% Principal red grapes for rosato
  3. Min 9.5% ABV
  4. “Gran Añada” 36 months of age on lees prior to disgorgement (starts with the 2020 vintage)
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46
Q

What are the synonyms of Mencia?

A

Jaen, & Fernao Pires in Portugal

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47
Q

What are the autonomias of Green Spain?

A

Galicia Asturias Cantabria Pais Vasco

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48
Q

What are the wine produced under the Ribeiro DO?

A
  • Espumoso (Traditional Method) Blanco and Rosado
  • Blanco & Blanco Castes
  • Tinto & Tinto Castes
  • Barrica Blanco & Tinto
  • Vino Tostado (dried grape wine)
    • Vino Tostado Blanco: Treixadura, Loureiro, Torrontés, Albariño, Godello
    • Vino Tostado Tinto: Caiño, Ferrón, Brancellao, Mencía, Sousón
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49
Q

What wine are produced in Arlanza? GV? Where is it located?

A

Castilla Y Leon

Styles Produced:

  1. Blanco
  2. Rosado: 50-100% Tinta del País, plus other red or white authorized grapes
  3. Tinto: 50-100% Tinta del País

Authorized Grapes:

  • Blanco:
    • Albilla, Viura
  • Tinto:
    • Recommended: Tinta del País (Tempranillo)
    • Authorized: Garnacha, Mencía, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot, Merlot
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50
Q

What is the soil type & topography of Arribes?

A

Located on the bank of the Duero river, on vineyard slopes. Based on Granite and Quartz pebbles

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51
Q

Where is Toro DO?

A

Castilla y Leon

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52
Q

What are the communes of production to Valdeorras?

A

A Rúa, Larouco, O Barco, O Bolo, Petín, Rubiá, Vilamartín

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55
Q

What are the vine influences of Ribeira Sacra DO?

A
  1. Cantabrians Mountains range
  2. Miño & Sil River
  3. Atlantic Ocean
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56
Q

What is the soil type of Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Mainly granitic & slates based

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57
Q

What are the white GV of Valdeorras?

A

Preferred: Godello, Loureira, Treixadura, Dona Branca, Albariño, Torrontés, Lado

Authorized: Palomino

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58
Q

What is the river influencing Monterrei DO?

A

Tamega River

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59
Q

When was Ribeiro upgraded to DO?

A

1932

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60
Q

What are the different estates of Vega Sicilia SA?

A

Vega Sicilia: Ribera del Duero Pintia: Toro Macan: Rioja Alion: Ribera del Duero Oremus: Tokay

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61
Q

What are the ageing req for red Rioja?

A
  • Crianza: 24 mth total: 12 mth barrels & 12 bottle - Reserva: 36 mth total: 12 mth barrels & 24 bottle - Gran Reserva: 60 mth total: 24 barrels & 24 mth bottles
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63
Q

What is the mountain range along Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Cantabrians Mountain

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64
Q

What are the white grapes of Monterrei DO?

A
  • Recommend: Godello, Treixadura, Dona Blanca - Authorized: Albariño, Blanca de Monterrei, Loureira, Caiño Blanco
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65
Q

When was Monterrei upgrade to DO?

A

1996

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67
Q

Where would you find the Cordillera Catabrica?

A

Near valdeorras and Bierzo

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68
Q

what is the soil type in Ribeiro DO?

A

Slit and sandy soil

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69
Q

What are the req of Vino Tostado?

A
  • Additional Requirements for Vino Tostado:
    • Only recommended grape varieties permitted
    • Min. must weight of 350 g/l
    • Drying process for grapes must last a min. of 3 months
    • Min. residual sugar: 120 g/l- 13% ABV min - Grapes must be dried for 3 mth min // Must weight: 300 g/L RS:
    • Vino Tostado: min. 6 months in oak or cherry cask and at least 3 months in bottle
    • Tostado: min. 20.6% potential, 13% acquired
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70
Q

What are the synonym of the Tempranillo GV?

A

Toro: Tinto del Toro Ribero del Duero: Tinto del Pais La Mancha: Cencibel Monterrei: Arauxa Catalunia: Ull del Llebre Protugal: Aragonez, Tinta Roriz, Aramont.

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71
Q

What style of wine are produced in Ribeira Sacra?

A

Tinto: min. 70% Mencia
Rosado: Min 85% Principal red Grapes
Súmmum: 85% principal grapes
Blanco Barrica & Garda
Tinto Barrica & Garda

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72
Q

When was Valdeorras DO created?

A

1945

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73
Q

what is the min alcohol content for red Ribera del Duero?

A

11,5% ABV

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74
Q

What wine are produced in Arribes? GV? Where is it located?

A

Castilla y Leon Blanco: 60% Malvasia min + Verdeja, Albilla Rosado / Tinto: 60% combined Juan García, Rufete & Tempranillo + Mencia & Garnacha

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75
Q

What style of wine can be produce in Monterrei DO?

A

White & red still wine

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76
Q

Is Rias Baixas able to produce Barrica wine on the regulations?

A

Yes the wine must spent 3 mth in oak barrel (no bigger than 600L)

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77
Q

When was Rueda DO approved?

A

1980: First recognised DO in Castilla y Leon

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78
Q

What are the wine style produced in Valdeoras?

A

Styles Produced:

  1. Blanco
  2. Tinto
  3. Espumoso: Min. 85% Godello
  4. Tostado: Godello and authorized red grapes
  5. Varietal Godello (100% variety) and Mencía (min. 85% variety)
  6. Valdeorras “Castes Nobles” (Blanco and Tinto): Min. 85% preferred varieties
  7. Barrica, Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva: white or red wines

Blanco Grapes:

  • Preferred: Godello, Loureira, Treixadura, Dona Branca, Albariño, Torrontés, Lado
  • Authorized: Palomino

Tinto Grapes:

Recommended: Mencía, Tempranillo, Merenzao, Brancellao, Sousón, Caiño Tinto, Espadeiro, Ferrón

Authorized: Garnacha Tintorera (Alicante Bouschet), Gran Negro, Mouratón

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79
Q

What are the req for Contado do Tea sub-zone?

A

Min 70% Abariño & Treixadura combined

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80
Q

What does mean Barrica in Ribeira Sacra DO?

A
  • white: ageing for a min of 3 mth in wood (no more than 600L each) - Red: 6 mth ageing in 600L wood barrels min
81
Q

What does mean Rias in spanish?

A

estuaries Rias Baixas means: Low estuaries

82
Q

What are the rivers located along Ribeiro DO?

A

Barbatino, Avia, Arnoia, Miño: Hill slopes vineyard

83
Q

Where is Ribeira Sacra

A

Galicia - Spain

84
Q

When was Rias Baixas upgrade to DO?

A

1988

85
Q

Is carbonic maceration authorised in Toro DO?

A

Yes, often use for joven wine, base on fruit

86
Q

What are the unofficial sub-region of Ribera del Duero?

A

Soria: coolest and highest Burgos: hub of the region’s activities Valladolid: warmer climate Sogovia: tiny area

87
Q

What is Viejo

A

Vino de la Mesa Min 36 mth ageing, wine must show an marked oxidative character

88
Q

What is Añejo?

A

Vino de la Mesa Min 24 mth ageing in cask of less 600L or bottle

89
Q

Where is Valdeorras DO?

A

Galicia - Spain

90
Q

What are the alcohol range in Bierzo DO?

A
  • Blanco: 11.5%
  • Rosado/Clarete/Tinto: 12%
91
Q

What are the sub-regions of Monterrei DO?

A
  • Ledera de Monterrei: slopes of Monterrei - Valle de Monterrei:
92
Q

What are the red GV of Valdeorras?

A
  • Recommend: Mencia, Merenzao, Sousón, Muraton, Brancellao - Authorised: Garnacha Tintorera (Alicante Bouschet), Gran Negro, Tempranillo, Negreda
93
Q

When was created the DO/DOCa system in Spain?

A

1988

94
Q

What is Araúxa?

A

Is a synonym or Tempranillo in Monterrei DO

95
Q

What is Súmmum? Where could you find it?

A
  • Súmmum: 85% principal grapes / Ribeira Sacra DO
96
Q

What are the GV req for Ribeira do Ulla & Val do Salnes?

A

70% combined Albariño, Loureira, Treixadura, Caiña blanca + Torrontes, Godella

97
Q

When was Ribera del Duero DO established

A

1982

98
Q

What is the soil type of Rueda DO?

A

Mainly alluvial plain and flood terraces on the Duero River: grey brown clay, some limestone in higher slopes

99
Q

What is the river of Valdeorras located on?

A

Sil River

100
Q

What are the sub-zones of Ribeira Sacra DO?

A

Amandi, Chantada, Quiroga-Bebei, Rebeira do Mino, Ribeira do Sil

101
Q

who’s producing PSI? What is it?

A

Peter Sisseck in Ribera del Duero Biodynamic farming created with the 2007 vintage

102
Q

What are the ageing req for white Rioja?

A
  • Crianza Blanco/Rosado: min. 18 months, including at least 6 months in oak (remainder may be in bottle, oak or stainless steel)
  • Reserva Blanco/Rosado: min. 2 years, including at least 6 months in oak (remainder must be in bottle or oak)
  • Gran Reserva Blanco/Rosado: min. 4 years, including at least 6 months in oak (remainder must be in bottle or oak)
104
Q

What is Noble?

A

Vino de la Mesa: Min 18 mth ageing in cask of less than 600L or bottle

105
Q

what are the different soil type in Rias Baixas DO?

A

Ribeira do Ullas: mainly alluvial - Val do Salnes / Soutomaior / O’ Rosal: alluvial over a granitic base - Contado do Tea: Both Granit & slates on surface over a granitic sub-soil

106
Q

Why is Cigales DO know for?

A

Rosado wine

107
Q

What is the second label of Dominio de Pingus?

A

Flor de Pingus

108
Q

What are the alcohol req in Ribeiro DO?

A

Vino Espumoso: 10%(9% for the base wine)

Blanco: 9.5%

Blanco Castes: 11%

Tinto: 9.5%

Tinto Castes: 11%

Barrica: 12% (Tinto and Blanco)

Tostado: min. 20.6% potential, 13% acquired

109
Q

Who’s producing Macan?

A

Is a partnership between Vega Sicilia SA & Benjamin de Rothschild Rioja

110
Q

What is the grapes real for a red Ribera del Duero DO?

A
  • Tinto: min. 95% authorized red grapes with a min. 75% Tinta del País / Tinto Fino
  • Authorized Grapes:
    • Recommended: Tinta del País / Tinto Fino (Tempranillo)
    • Authorized: Garnacha, Malbec, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Albillo Mayor
111
Q

What wine are produced in Ribera del Duero DO? GV? Where is it located?

A
  • Blanco: min. 75% Albillo Mayor
  • Rosado or Clarete: min. 50% authorized red varieties
  • Tinto: min. 95% authorized red grapes with a min. 75% Tinta del País / Tinto Fino
112
Q

What is the famous Rioja winemaker based in Rueda DO?

A

Marques de Riscal: - Bodega Herederos del Marques de Riscal

113
Q

What vcig of Spain applied for DO status in (2018)? Where is it located?

A

Cangas / Asturias Region (Green Spain)

  • Principal White Grapes: Albarín
  • Secondary White Grapes: Albillo Mayor, Godello, Gewürztraminer, Moscatel de Granos Menudo (Muscat à Petits Grains), Picapoll Blanco
  • Principal Red Grapes: Albarín Tinto, Carrasquín, Verdejo Negro, Mencía
  • Secondary Red Grapes: Garnacha Tintorera (Alicant Bouschet), Merlot, Pinot Noir, Syrah
114
Q

Where is Cangas VCIG located? When was it upgraded?

A

Asturias - Green Spain

115
Q

What are the DO of the Aragon autonomia?

A

Somontano DO Catalayud DO Cariñena DO Campo de Borja DO

116
Q

Where is located Somontano DO?

A

Aragon - Spain

117
Q

Where is located Catalayud DO?

A

Aragon - Spain

118
Q

Where is located Cariñena DO?

A

Aragon - Spain

119
Q

Where is located Campa de Borja DO?

A

Aragon - Spain

120
Q

Where is Pago de Aylés located? When was it upgraded?

A

Cariñena DO 2011

121
Q

When was Cariñena DO grated as DO?

A

1932 - One of the oldest DO in Spain

122
Q

What are the grapes allowed in Cariñena DO?

A
  • Blanco:
    • Principal: Chardonnay, Garnacha Blanca, Macabeo
    • Secondary: Parallada, Moscatel de Alejandría, Sauvignon Blanc, Verdejo
  • Tinto:
    • Principal: Cariñena (Mazuela), Garnacha Tinta, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah, Tempranillo
    • Secondary: Juan Ibáñez, Monastrell, Vidadillo
123
Q

What is the soil type of Cariñena DO?

A

: predominantly Miocene clay soils, with gravel, brown limestone, and slate Medium altitude: 400-800m Cierzo wind flow here

124
Q

What is the Cierzo wind? Where would you find it?

A

In central Spain (Aragon mainly) Dry air from the Pyrenees mountains: cold

125
Q

What is the main GV for the Campo de Borja DO? What style of wine?

A

Red wine represents 95% of the production here Garnacha is the king, along Tempranillo, CS, Merlot, Syrah & Mazuela

126
Q

What is the synomym of Mazuelo?

A

Carignan: France - Languedoc Cariñana: Spain - Aragon, Samso: Catalunya

127
Q

What are the sub-region of Navarra?

A
  • Terra de Estrella
  • Valdizarbe Baja Montaña
  • Ribera Alta
  • Ribera Baja
128
Q

Name the DO Pago from Navarra?

A

Pago de Otazu - 2009 Pago de Arinzano - 2009 Pago de Prado de Irache Finca Bollandin - 2011

129
Q

Where is located Pago de Otazu?

A

Navarra 2009

130
Q

Name all 3 DOs of the Basque County of Spain?

A
  • Arabako Txakolina: 2001
  • Bizkaiko Txakolina: 1994
  • Getariako Txakolina: 1989
131
Q

What was the first demarcated DO of the Basque County of Spain?
When was it?

A

Getariako Txakolina
Received its DO statut in 1989

132
Q

What is Ojo de Gallo?

Where is this wine a local speciality?

A
  • This is a Rosato wine from the Basque county, mostly produced under the Bizkaiko Txakolina DO
  • The final blend must a minimum of 50% Hondarrabi Beltza
133
Q

Style of wine and grape varieties of the following:

Getariako Txakolina DO

A

Bianco: Hondarrabi Zuri + Hondarrabi Zelta Zerratia, Izkiriota, Riesling, chardonnay

Tinto: Hondarrabi Beltza

Rosato: minimum 50% Hondarrabi Beltza

Late harvest and Espumoso are also produced here

134
Q

Style of wine and grape varieties of the following:

Bizkaiko Txakolina

A
  • Bianco: Hondarrabi Zelta, Hondarrabi Zelta Zerratia, Izkiriota, Izkiriota Ttippia, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc
  • Tinto: Hondarrabi Beltza
  • Rosato: minimum 50% Hondarrabi Beltza
  • Late harvest and Espumoso are also produced here

Same varieties than the Arabako Txakolina DO

135
Q

What is the wine region across the Portuguese border along Rias Baixas?

A

Minho IGP Vinho Verde DOP

136
Q

What mountain range protectors ribeiro from Atlantic influence? What rivers influence viticulture in Bierzo?

A

Sierra del Suido

Cua/Sil/Tremor

137
Q

Name 2 DOs producing Verdejo based wines

A

Rueda and Cigalas.

Cigalas DO specs:
Blanco: min. 50% Verdejo

Rosado: min. 50% recommended red and white varietals

Tinto: min. 50% recommended red varietals

Vino Dulce: (Blanco, Rosado and Tinto): min. 50% recommended red and white varietals

Vino Espumoso: min. 50% recommended red and white varietals

Authorized Grapes:

Blanco Recommended: Verdejo

Authorized: Albillo, Viura, Sauvignon Blanc

Tinto Recommended: Tinta del País (Tempranillo), Garnacha Tinta, Garnacha Gris

Authorized: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah

138
Q

What are the main hazards of Cigales?

A

Drought and spring frost

139
Q

What are the req for Arribes vino roble?

A

Wine must be aged for 3 mth min in oak

140
Q

What are the white GV of Ribeira Sacra

A

Blanco:
Principal: Albariño, Godello, Treixadura, Loureira, Torrontés, Dona Branca

141
Q

What is the soil type of Valdeorras DO?

A

Slates, Granite, Calcareous Clay, Argilo-Ferrous, Alluvial soils

142
Q

What is the other name of Garnacha Tintorera?

A

Alicante Bouschet

143
Q

What percentage of Bierzo vines are over 60 years old?

A

80%

144
Q

What is the min % of Albarino if is labelled as varietal in Rias Baixas DO?

A

100%: no blend

145
Q

What are the GV for Vino Tostado?

A

White: Treixadura, Torrontes, Albariño, Godello Red: Caiño, Ferrón, Brancellao, Mencía, Sousón

146
Q

For white rioja, what grapes is the vine training method ‘Double Guyot’ not allowed?

A

Viura, Malvasia, Garnacha Blanca

147
Q

Gran Vino de Rueda wines must be made from at least vines from what age?

A

30 year old vines

148
Q

Name 5 synonyms for tempranillo (not using Tinto/Tinta)

A

Araúxa

Ull de Llebre

Ojo de Liebre

Cencibel

Aragonez

Tinto Fino

Tinta del Pais

Tinta Roriz

149
Q

Name two DOs focusing in Verdejo.

A

Rueda / Cigales / Leon / Toro

150
Q

Where would you find Prieto Pecundo? Name its main blending partner.

A

Leon DO Raul Perez

Mencia

151
Q

Average rainfall of Ribera del Duero

A

17in

152
Q

What mountain range makes the Ribera Baja so hot and dry? What’s the most planted au region of Navarra?

A

Sierra del Moncayo

Ribera Alta

153
Q

What is Carinena/Carignan called in rioja?

A

Mazuelo

154
Q

Name three wineries around haro.

A

Lopez / La Rioja Alta / CVNE

155
Q

What are mallas and what are they used for and where are they associated with?

A

The Rioja region had begun to experience fraud, prompting the application of wire cages (or mallas) to bottles to guarantee authenticity.

156
Q

First Consejo Regulador est. in Spain?

A

Rioja

157
Q

What two bdx winemakers are credited for bringing french oak to Rioja?

A

Emile Peynaud (Marqués de Cáceres) / Michel Rolland (palacios)

158
Q

La Rioja DOCa in fact traverses four autonomous communities. What are they?

A

La Rioja, Pais Vasco, Castilla y Leon, Navarra

159
Q

Name four things moderate and influence Riojas climate?

A

Cantabrian Range (protects northern side from atlantice cold winds) , Ebro, Atlantic (west side,) Mediterranean (east side,) Yerga mountains (orientale)

160
Q

What two ebro tributaries influence La RIoja Alta?

A

The Oja and Najerilla / jubera/ iregua Rivers

161
Q

Why is grenache more condusive in Orientale?

A

Warmer mediterranean influce coupled with the moderating elevation provided by the yerga mountains.

162
Q

Name a producer of 100% tempranillo based in rioja

A

Artadi

163
Q

Trousseau synonyms in spain (3 of them)

Name three DO’s it’s used in

A

Marenzao / Bastardo / Maturana Tinto

Rioja / Ribera Sacra / Valdeorras / Monterrei

164
Q

Tosca Cerrada/Basta / Tosca Barajuelas / antehojuelas / Lentejuelas are the four noble sub types of what soil type?

A

albariza

Tosca Cerrada/Basta is a very tough type of albariza with a slightly more grey tint, lower chalk levels (50-60%) than the purer Antehojuelas and a cement-like solidity (hence cerrada or closed).

Tosca Barajuelas contains the highest amount of diatoms and around 60-70% of limestone. It shows clear horizontal layering of white lines (chalk), sometimes mixed with layers of ochre (containing hydrated iron oxide and clay). The laminated structure makes it necessary for the roots of the vines to work harder if they want to grow. This results in lower production and grapes with a thicker skin.

The antehojuelas subtype is a rather loose, crumbly and porous type of albariza. It is easy to work and its structure will act as a sponge to store rainwater in winter. It’s soft when wet, but it forms hard lumps when dry. Lentejuelas contains more limestone and a bit more sand and is generally even easier to work. These types of pure albariza typically lead to a very fresh but uncompromising wine, with a sharp finesse and often a relatively high acidity. Direct, vertical wines, if you like, and classic Finos / Manzanillas.

165
Q

In regards to sherry, what is desfangado?

A

racking the wine off the tartaric deposits to clarify it before fermentation

166
Q

Explain how the ‘flor’ sherry forms/survives

A

flor arrives to metabolize glycerin, alcohol, and volatile acids in the wine. Humid air carried on the poniente wind, a moderate temperature between 60°-70° F, an absence of fermentable sugars, and a particular level of alcoholic strength (15-15.5% abv) are prerequisites for the development of flor. As flor requires contact with oxygen, it forms a film on the surface of the wine that will protect the liquid from oxidation. The flor grows vigorously in the spring and autumn months, forming a frothy white veil over the wine’s surface; in the heat and cold of the summer and winter it thins and turns gray.

167
Q

What are the two divergent paths wines of sherry take? how are they indicated?

A

Two divergent paths of biological and oxidative aging divide Sherry wines. At the conclusion of fermentation, the wine is classified: each tank is either classified as palo and marked with a vertical slash, or as gordura, marked with a circle. Wines marked as palo are fortified to 15-15.5% abv and are destined to become the more delicate Fino or Manzanilla styles. Wines marked as gordura are fortified to 17-18%—a high level of alcohol that will not permit the growth of flor—and will become Oloroso Sherries.

168
Q

Name the three vinos de pagos added in 2022

A

Dehesa Peñalba - Castilla y León
Bolandin - Navarra (Ribera Baja)
Abadía-Retuerta Castilla y León - outside of RdD

169
Q

what % of fruit must come from the stated area of a Vino de la Tierra?

A

Vino de la tierra is viewed as a PGI by the EU meaning that 85% of the fruit must come from the stated area

170
Q

How long must a vcig wait to apply for DO status? Before applying for pago status how long must a producer wait?

A

5 years / 10 years

171
Q

soil of rueda? is verdejo a thick skin grape?

A

Limestone and gravel / thick skin early budding and early/med ripening

172
Q

what % of fruit must come from the stated municipality to claim Vino de Pueblo in rueda? Less aging for Gran Anada sparkling wines from rueda?

A

85% / 36mo

173
Q

Mountain range that shields Bierzo from the Atlantic?

A

Serra dos Ancares - flanks off the cantabrian range

174
Q

Explain what the following terms mean in regards to Bierzo:
Vino de Villa & Vino de Paraje:
Viña Clasificada:
Gran Viña Clasificada:

A

Vino de Villa & Vino de Paraje: 100% must be sourced from one of the designated municipalities, or parcels

Viña Clasificada: May be added to a single parcel, or collection of parcels within a Vino de Paraje that has been labelled as such for at least 5 years, and has been approved by a tasting panel.

Gran Viña Clasificada: Designation for a wine that has been produced as a Viña Clasificada for at least 5 years, and has been approved by a tasting panel.

175
Q

Where would you find the vineyards of Valtuille / Las Lamas / moncerbal / El Farro (La Faraona - palacios)

A

VILLAFRANCA DEL
BIERZO / BENUZA / corullon

176
Q

what area of rias baias makes the most red wine?

A

candado do tea

177
Q

Three advantages of parral training in rias baixas

A

more air flow / more sunlight for photo synthisis / more canopy to protect against sunburn

178
Q

soils of ribeira sacra? Best sub-zone?

A

Lower elevation soils of ribeira sacra are granite and the upper slopes are slate / amandi

179
Q

valdeorras climate? soil?

A

moderate continental with atlantic influences / granite and Pizzara (red slate)

180
Q

who were Domingo Garramiola Txomin and Alejandro Fernández?

A

Domingo Garramiola Txomin ceated Unico

who were Domingo Garramiola Txomin and Alejandro Fernández founded Tinto pasquera

181
Q

What style of wine from the Navarra D.O. can carry the Envejecido en Roble designation?

A

Minimum 85% Moscatel - vino de licor 18-24 mo aging

182
Q

What two grapes may be made as varietal wine in Valdeorras? What is the cepage of Spumante wines from Valdeorras?

A

Varietal Godello (100% variety) and Mencía (min. 85% variety)

Godello 85%

183
Q

Espumoso wines from valdeorras mus he made of what percentage minimum of what grape?

A

85% godello (no min lees aging)

184
Q

what is the term for sparkling wine in basque? brisado

A

apardunak

185
Q
A

MS/Advanced Somm Studies (214 decks)

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