SOC9 Long-Term Effects Of Exercise Flashcards
Long-term Effects of Aerobic Exercise?
The long-term effects of training will depend on what methods of training you have used.
In terms of aerobic exercise, the effects of training will increase the ability to work for long periods of time.
• Improved times for long distance athletes (5,000m, 10,000m, marathon runners etc.).
• Ability to run for 90 minutes during a football game (improve cardiovascular fitness levels).
What are the Long-term effects of anaerobic exercise?
Anaerobic exercise - working at a high intensity (80-90%) level without oxygen.
In terms of anaerobic exercise, the effects of training will increase the ability to move in quick bursts.
• Sprinting for the ball in football.
• Making a powerful tackle in a rugby game.
• Improved time over the shorter/ sprint distances in athletics or swimming.
What are the four long-term effects on the musculo-skeletal system?
• Increased strength of ligaments and tendons.
• Increased bone density - helps prevent osteoporo
• Muscle hypertrophy - the growth and increase of the size of muscle cells
- Adaptation - the body adapts to training by increasing the ability to cope with those loads
What are the 5 long-term effects of exercise on the heart?
Size and strength of the heart - training increases the heart muscles in size, thickness and strength
Increased resting stroke volume - stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by your heart per beat. When you exercise regularly, your stroke volume increase, both at rest and at work.
Maximum cardiac output - the amount of blood ejected from your heart in one
minute. Cardiac output (CO) = stroke volume (SV) X heart rate (HR).
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Faster recovery rate - heart recovery rate is the speed at which your heart returns to RHR after you exercise. The faster your recovery rate, the fitter you are.
What are the 3 long-term effects of exercise on the blood?
Improved fitness increases the number of capillaries in your muscles and helps your blood vessels more elastic, flexible and efficient.
Increased number of red blood cells - These cells carry oxygen to the muscles, so having higher red blood cell count can improve their performance.
Drop in resting blood pressure - regular exercise reduces blood pressure due to the muscular wall of the veins and arteries becoming more elastic.
What is adaptation?
Your body’s response to training and how your body changes to cope with new activity.
What is alveoli?
Tiny sacs within our lungs that allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the lungs and blood stream.
What is a diaphram?
The primary muscle used in the process of inspiration or inhalation.
What is cardiac output?
The amount of blocd ejected from your heart in one minute (CO) = (RSV) x (RHR).
What is a resting stroke volume?
The amount of blood pumped per beat.
What is recovery rate?
The speed at which your heart returns to RHR after you exercise.
What is RHR?
Resting Heart Rate
What are the long term effects of the cardio-respiratory system - lungs?(3)
Increased lung volume and vital capacity, Increased number of alveoli, Increased strength of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles.
