SOC14 The Muscular System

Question 1

What is the location and function of the Gluteals?

Answer 1

• in the middle of the body, at the back, forming the bottom.
• adduct and extend the leg at the hips, pull the leg backwards.

Question 2

What is the location and function of the Hamstrings?

Answer 2

• at the top of each leg, at the back.
• flex the legs at the knees.

Question 3

What is the location and function of the Gastrocnemius?

Answer 3

• at the bottom of each leg at the back. Also known as the calf muscles.
• point the toes (planta-flexion) at the ankle.

Question 4

What is the location and function of the Latissimus Dorsi?

Answer 4

• at the back of your body, either side of the chest.
• pull your arms down at the shoulders and behind your back (adduct and extend).

Question 5

What is the location and function of the Triceps?

Answer 5

• at the top of each arm at the back.
• extend the arm at the elbow.

Question 6

What is the location and function of the Deltoids?

Answer 6

• in the upper part of the body, covering the shoulders.
• raise the arm in all directions at the shoulders.

Question 7

What is the location and function of the Biceps?

Answer 7

• at the top of each arm at the front.
• extend the arm at the elbow

Question 8

What is the location and function of the Pectoralis Major?

Answer 8

• in the upper part of the chest at the front.
• adduct the arm at the shoulder.

Question 9

What is the location and function of the External Obliques?

Answer 9

• to the side of the abdomen.
• pull the chest downwards. Flex and rotate the spinal column.

Question 10

What is the location and function of the Tibialis Anterior?

Answer 10

• runs down the shin.
• pull the toes up towards the shin (dorsi-flexion).

Question 11

What is the location and function of the Hip Flexors?

Answer 11

• sit deep in the front of the hip and connect the leg.
• flex the hip, help the leg and knee up towards the body.

Question 12

What is an Antagonistic pair?

Answer 12

• Muscles that work together to create a movement.
• This happens when a muscle contracts.
• Because they work in pairs, one muscle contracts (agonist), and the other muscle relaxes (antagonist).

Question 13

What are the four antagonistic pairs?

Answer 13

• Biceps / Triceps (elbow)
• Hamstring / Quadriceps (knee)
• Gastrocnemius / Tibialis anterior (ankle)
• Gluteals / Hip flexor (hip)

Question 14

What are muscle fibres?

Answer 14

Voluntary muscles is made up of bundles of individual fibres. Each fibre contains many myofibrils, which one strands that can grab onto each other and pull to make the muscle contract.

Question 15

What are type I muscle fibres?

Answer 15

Slow twitch muscle fibres; suited to low intensity work, e.g. marathon running, as they can be used for a long period without fatiguing.