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GCSE PE > SOC16 Structure Of Theblood Vessels > Flashcards

SOC16 Structure Of Theblood Vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the role of arteries?

A

Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart

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2
Q

Characteristics of arteries?

A

Thick walls, more elastic than veins, carry blood at a high pressure, the lumen widens to allow more blood through

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3
Q

What is the pulmonary artery?

A

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

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4
Q

What is the role of veins?

A

Veins carry deoxygenated blood into the heart

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5
Q

Characteristics of veins?

A

Much thinner walls, less elastic, carry blood at a lower pressure, contains many valves helping deoxygenated blood flow to the heart

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6
Q

What is the pulmomary vein?

A

The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart

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7
Q

What are capillaries?

A

Capillaries are microscopic vessels 1 cell thick

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8
Q

The role of capillaries?

A

At one end, they carry deoxygenated blood into the veins pickimg up waste products and taking them around the body to dispose of them
At the other end, the carry oxygenated blood which transfers oxygen and nutrients to the muscles

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9
Q

What takes place in capillaries?

A

Gaseous exchange takes place in capillaries

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10
Q

What is the route of blood going into the heart and back out?

A
  • Vena cava
  • Right atrium
  • Tricuspid valve
  • Right ventricle
  • Semilunar valve
  • Pulmonary artery
  • Pulmonary vein
  • Left atrium
  • Bicuspid valve
  • Left ventricle
  • Semilunar valve
  • Aorta
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11
Q

What are the 4 key components of the blood?

A
  • Red blood cells
  • White blood cells
  • Platelets
  • Plasma
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12
Q

What is the immune system?

A

The structures and processes in your body that stop disease

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13
Q

What is thrombokinase?

A

A substance involved in blood clotting

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14
Q

What is serotonin?

A

Hormone that triggers the clotting process

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15
Q

What is plasma?

A

The fluid part of blood

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16
Q

What is erythrocyte?

A

Red blood cell

17
Q

What is haemoglobin?

A

A red protein in the blood that transports oxygen

18
Q

What is anaemia?

A

A condition where there is a lack of red cells or haemoglobin in the blood

19
Q

What is a leukocyte?

A

A white blood cell

20
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

An agent that causes disease, such as a virus

21
Q

What is an antibody?

A

A chemical that destroys a pathogens

22
Q

What is the importance of red blood cells?(2)

A

● Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells, and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs.
● They contain haemoglobin, which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide.

23
Q

Example of the importance of red blood cells

A

● This is important to a long distance runner as their working muscles require more oxygen when running.

24
Q

What is the importance of white blood cells?(3)

A

● The blood also contains transparent cells called white blood cells.
● They have an important function as the defence system of the body.
● They produce antibodies to fight against infection and diseases

25
Q

Example of importance of white blood cells

A

● If an athlete has a disease or infection they may not be able to train/perform.

26
Q

What is the importance of platelets?

A

● Blood platelets are formed in the bone marrow.
● Tiny fragments that clump together to help blood clot and stop bleeding.
● Blood is the first line of defence in the repair of a wound.
● When a blood vessel is cut, platelets rush to the area and swell
into irregular shapes, they become sticky and act as a plug.

27
Q

Example of importance of platelets

A

● If a performer gets a skin abrasion/cut the blood platelets will clot to stop the bleeding.

28
Q

What is the importance of plasma?

A

● The main role of plasma is to take oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and proteins to the parts of the body that need it.
● Cells also put their waste products into the plasma. The plasma then helps remove this waste from the body.

GCSE PE (20 decks)

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