Soc14 : The Muscular System

Question 1

What are the gluteals ? Where are they ? What is there function ?

Answer 1

Location : in the middle of the body at the back , forming the bottom
Function : adduct and extend the leg and the hips , pull the legs backwards

Question 2

What are the hamstrings ? Where are they ? What is their function ?

Answer 2

Location : at the top of each leg at the back
Function : adduct and extend the leg and the hips , pull the leg backwards

Question 3

What are the gastrocnemius ? Where is it ? What is its function ?

Answer 3

Location : at the bottom of each leg at the back
Function : points the toes (plantar-flextion) at the ankle

Question 4

What is the latissimus Dorsi ? Where is it ? What is its function ?

Answer 4

Location : at the back of the body either side of the chest
Function : pull your arms down at the shoulders and behind your back (adduct and extend)

Question 5

What are the triceps ? Where are they ? What is there function ?

Answer 5

Location : at the top of each arm at the back
Function : extend your arm and elbow

Question 6

What are the deltoids ? Where are they ? What is there function ?

Answer 6

Location : in the upper part of the body , covering the shoulders
Function : raise the arms in all directions at the shoulders

Question 7

What are the biceps ? Where are they ? What is there function ?

Answer 7

Location : at the top of each arm at the front
Function : flex the arm at the elbow

Question 8

What are the quadriceps ? Where are they ? What is there function ?

Answer 8

Location : at the top of each leg at the front
Function : extend the leg at the knee

Question 9

What are the pectoralis major ? Where are they ? What is there function ?

Answer 9

Location : in the upper part of the chest at the front
Function : adduct the arm at the shoulder

Question 10

What are the external obliques ? Where are they ? What is their function ?

Answer 10

Location : to the side of the abdomen
Function : pull the chest downwards. Flex and rotates the spinal column

Question 11

What is antagonistic pairs ?

Answer 11

Muscles that work together to create a movement and they do this by contracting and relaxing.
Muscle contracting : agonist
Muscle relaxing : antagonist

Question 12

What are the tibialis anterior ? Where are they ? What is their function ?

Answer 12

Location : runs down the shin
Function : pulls the toes up towards the shin ( dorsi-flexion )

Question 13

What are the hip flexors ? Where are they ? What is their function ?

Answer 13

Location : sit deep in the front of the hip and connects the leg
Function : flex the hip , help the leg and knee up towards the body

Question 14

What are the 2 main types of muscle fibres ?

Answer 14

Slow twitch (type 1)
Fast twitch (type 2)
- type 2a
-type 2x

Question 15

What is a slow twitch (type1) muscle fibre ?

Answer 15

• Suit endurance activities - can work for long periods of time.
• They’re darker in colour because they contain Myoglobin, a red pigment that transports oxygen to the working muscles.

Question 16

What is a fast twitch ( type 11a) muscle fibre ?

Answer 16

• Type Ila - used in anaerobic work which can be improved through high intensity interval training.
  Increasing their resistance to fatigue.

Question 17

What is a fast twitch ( type 2x) muscle fibre ?

Answer 17

• Type lIx - used in highly explosive anaerobic work that can generate more power than other muscle fibres but fatigue very quickly.
• Suit speed events, such as sprinting or jumping (type la and type lIx) are lighter in colour because they don’t use oxygen for energy.

Question 18

What are muscle fibres ?

Answer 18

They make up voluntary (skeletal) muscle ; divided into type 1 , type 2a , type 2x