Soc 26- Types Of Skill, Practice, Guidance And Feedback Flashcards
What is an open skill?
Always changing and affected by the environment. Involves decision making and is externally paced.
E.g. dribbling past a defender.
What is a closed skill?
Stable environment, not affected by the environment. The skill is habitual and self-paced.
E.g. Free throw in basketball.
What characterizes a basic/simple skill?
Easy, low concentration with little information to process and few decisions to make.
E.g. Chest pass in netball / Side-foot pass in football.
What defines a complex skill?
Hard, high concentration with lots of information to process and quick decision-making required.
E.g. Spike in Volleyball/ Smash in Tennis.
What is a high organization skill?
Complicated phases that require large amounts of attention and coordination, difficult to break down into phases.
E.g. Somersault in trampolining.
What is a low organization skill?
Uncomplicated stages that can usually be broken down into phases.
E.g. Set shot in basketball.
What is massed practice?
Practiced without taking a break, can be intense and mentally challenging.
Normally for athletes who are fit and motivated.
What is distributed practice?
Practiced over several sessions with plenty of rest breaks.
Normally for players of lower ability, experience or fitness level.
What is fixed practice?
Practiced in a single situation over and over until perfected.
E.g. Practising a set shot in basketball.
What is variable practice?
Practicing the skill in a variety of different situations to adapt to different scenarios.
E.g. Football varies from match to match e.g. weather conditions/opposition etc.
What is guidance in skill learning?
Information to aid the learning of a skill, can be given visually, verbally, manually or mechanically.
What is visual guidance?
Coach showing the technique or ‘perfect model’, helps the learner visualize the skill.
Most effective when used at the early stages of learning.
What is verbal guidance?
Can be hard to understand but is important for harder skills; effective when used with other forms of guidance.
What is manual guidance?
Using physical contact to help a performer complete a skill, gives ‘feel’ for movement.
Helps build confidence.
What is mechanical guidance?
Using equipment to help a performer complete a skill, very effective in the early stages of learning.
What is feedback in performance?
Information received before, during or after a performance about the performance.
What is intrinsic feedback?
Comes from the performer themselves; experienced performers know when something feels right or wrong.
What is extrinsic feedback?
Comes from an external source such as a teacher or coach; beneficial for beginners.
Can motivate them to improve.
What is concurrent feedback?
Provided during the performance, can be acted on immediately.
E.g. Communication from the sidelines from the manager/coach.
What is terminal feedback?
Provided at the end of the game or performance, aimed at being more reflective.
What is mental preparation?
Starts long before the warm-up; involves getting in the right mindset during training.
What is imagery in sports?
A mental technique where the performer visualizes themselves being successful in their performance.
E.g. picturing the ball hitting the back of the net before taking a penalty.
