Soc 23: Lifestyle Choices Flashcards
What are the 6 lifestyle choices important to sport and physical activity?
Diet
Work/Rest/Sleep Balance
Smoking
Activity Level
Recreational Drugs
Alcohol
What is a depressant?
Substance that lowers the level of psychological or nervous activity in the body.
What is a stimulant?
A substance that raises alertness.
What is a sedative?
A drug that has a calming or sleep inducing effect.
What are lifestyle choices?
The choices we make about how we live and behave that impact our health.
What is high density lipoprotein?
HDL is good cholesterol and removes bad cholesterol from the body.
What effect does diet have on health?
- It is essential for providing our bodies with the energy needed to work and exercise and the nutrients required to repair body tissues. Eating too little can result in muscle atrophy or fatigue. Eating too much can lead to heart disease.
- Important to control calories taken in to get right energy balance. Active people use more energy so need more calories and appropriate nutrients in their diet.
What effect does activity levels have on health?
- Helps to maintain good health and prevent disease. Can depend on access to facilities, time and cost of equipment. Can be planned to maintain activity levels.
- Lack of physical activity can lead to sedentary lifestyle, obesity depression or heart disease.
What effect does work/rest/sleep balance have on health?
- Exercise helps you have a deeper more productive sleep to help your body recover however exercising too late can cause you to struggle to sleep due to being too energised.
- Rest allows your body time to recover and adapt.
- Lack of sleep can lead to stress/anxiety, depression, poor concentration and high blood pressure.
What effect do recreational drugs have on health?
- Legal drugs such as caffeine, nicotine and alcohol can have negative impacts on bodies/behaviour.
- Illegal drugs such as heroin, cocaine and cannabis are not accepted in society and can have very harmful, dangerous effects on the body.
What effect does smoking have on health?
- Highly addictive and withdrawal symptoms make it difficult to stop.
- Nicotine is addictive and is a stimulant that raises alertness.
What effect does alcohol have on health?
- Depressant that slows down reactions and alters the way you hear, see, move and respond to things.
- Small amount can help you feel relaxed but larger amounts cause a greater change in your brain.
- Banned in some sports involving reaction time or safety.
What are effects of negative lifestyle choices?
Increase stress, can caause depression, results in obesity, can lead to coronary heart disease, increased risk of cancer, can lead to diabetes, reduced life expectancy, poor muscle tone.
What are the effects of positive lifestyle choices?
Prevent long term illnesses, reduce stress, prevent depression, promote confidence and self esteem, increases life expectancy, improves memory and concentration, generates happiness, improves relationships.
What are the negative effects of smoking?
• Shortness of Breath/Reduced Lung Capacity: Lungs are damaged making it difficult to get oxygen in and carbon dioxide out.
• Heart Disease: Smoking lowers level of HDL, increasing risk of blood clots and heart attacks and will damage the cardiovascular system.
• Lung Disease: Can cause bronchitis, leading to shortness of breath and difficulty doing physical activity.
What are the negative effects of alcohol?
• Affects the way your brain works, changing your behaviour and making it harder to think clearly.
• Damages heart and circulatory system, causing high blood pressure.
• Leads to liver damage and increases risk of cancer.
• Weakens immune system, increasing the risk of disease.
