Soc 16: The Structure Of Blood Vessels

Question 1

What is the function of an artery?

Answer 1

They take blood away from the heart.

Question 2

What is the structure/characteristics of arteries?

Answer 2

They have thick walls and are more elastic than veins as they carry oxygenated blood at higher pressure.
The lumen is where the blood flows through and can widen to allow more blood to the working muscles when you exercise.

Question 3

What is the different artery?

Answer 3

The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs.

Question 4

What is the function of a vein?

Answer 4

To carry blood into the heart.

Question 5

What is the structure/characteristics of veins?

Answer 5

Thin walls and are less elastic to carry blood at low pressure.
Contain many valves which helps deoxygenated blood flow to the heart.

Question 6

What is the different vein?

Answer 6

The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs back to heart.

Question 7

What are capillaries?

Answer 7

Microscopic vessels which a one cells thick and is where gaseous exchange takes place.

Question 8

What happens in capillaries?

Answer 8

At one end they carry oxygenated blood to transfer oxygen/nutrients to the muscles.
At the other end they carry deoxygenated blood into veins, picking up waste products to dispose of them.

Question 9

What is the journey of deoxygenated blood in the heart?

Answer 9

Vena Cava —> Right Atrium —> Tricuspid Valve —> Right Ventricle —> Semilunar Valve —> Pulmonary Artery —> Lungs

Question 10

What is the journey of oxygenated blood in the heart?

Answer 10

Pulmonary Vein —> Left Atrium —> Bicuspid Valve —> Left Ventricle —> Semilunar Valve —> Aorta

Question 11

What is blood made up of?

Answer 11

Platelets, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, Plasma

Question 12

What are the 2 phases of the heart pumping blood?

Answer 12

Systolic Phase and Diastolic Phase

Question 13

What happens in the systolic phase?

Answer 13

Blood is pumped from atria into ventricles.
The ventricles contract pushing deoxygenated blood to leave right ventricles to the lungs via the pulomonary artery.
Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle leaves via the aorta to the body.

Question 14

What is the role of red blood cells?

Answer 14

To transport oxygen from lungs to body’s cells and carbon dioxide from cells to lungs. Contain haemoglobin which stores oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Question 15

Why are red blood cells important in sport?

Answer 15

Long distance runner’s working muscles will require more oxygen to be able to work longer.

Question 16

What is the role of white blood cells?

Answer 16

Important part of the body’s defence system and produce antibodies to fight against infections and disease.

Question 17

Why are white blood cells important in sport?

Answer 17

If an athlete has an infection/disease then they may not be able to train/perform.

Question 18

What is the role of platelets?

Answer 18

They are tiny fragmenta that clump together to help blood clot and stop bleeding.

Question 19

Why are platelets important in sport?

Answer 19

If an athlete gets and abrasion/cut then the blood platelets clot to stop the bleeding.

Question 20

What is the role of plasma?

Answer 20

Take nutrients, hormones, oxygen and proteins to parts of body that needs it. Cells also put waste products into plasma and the plasma removes waste from the body.

Question 21

What is thrombokinase?

Answer 21

Substance involved in blood clotting.

Question 22

What is anaemia?

Answer 22

A condition where there is a lack of red blood cells or haemoglobin in the heart.

Question 23

What is serotonin?

Answer 23

Hormone that triggers clotting process.